scholarly journals Nutritional Evaluation and Risk Assessment of the Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements in Dogs and Cats through the Consumption of Pelleted Dry Food: How Important Is the Quality of the Feed?

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Ana Macías-Montes ◽  
Manuel Zumbado ◽  
Octavio P. Luzardo ◽  
Ángel Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
Andrea Acosta-Dacal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Hazard Indexes

Dry feed for pets lacks specific legislation regarding maximum residue limits for inorganic elements. The aim of the present study was to determine the content of 43 inorganic elements in dog and cat feed, studying whether there were differences according to the supposed quality of the food and performing the risk assessment for health. Thirty-one and thirty packages of pelleted dry food for cats and dogs, respectively, were analyzed. After acidic microwave-assisted digestion, elements were detected and quantified by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). In general, we did not observe important differences in the content of elements according to the supposed quality of the brand. Among trace elements, selenium and manganese are above the dietary reference value. Arsenic and mercury showed the highest acute hazard indexes, which make them risk factors for the health of dogs and cats. Aluminum, uranium, antimony and vanadium contents were above the toxic reference value and showed the highest acute hazard indexes. It is necessary to improve the legislation regarding the food safety of pets, for their health and to protect the rights of consumers.

scholarly journals One-factor-at-a-time method combined with ICP-MS for determining 11 elements in soy sauce and their migration from the containing glass bottles

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Xun Gao ◽  
Kexin Chen ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Miaomiao Chi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Migration Study ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Glass Bottles

Abstract This study was designed to determine the 11 metal elements (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sb, and Pb) in soy sauce and their migration from the containing glass bottles. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied for the determination of the elements and one-factor-at-a-time method was employed for optimizing the ICP-MS parameters in migration experiment and microwave digestion experiment. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the content of 11 elements. The results showed that the experiment had excellent correlation and sensitivity. The accuracy of the elements in the migration study and test of soy sauce itself ranging from 84.25% to 118.75% was satisfied, and the precision of the method was validated and the RSD was no more than 15.5%. The concentration of all the detected metal elements migrated from the glass bottles were between 0.3450 and 2.398 ng·mL−1, and the risk assessment indicated that the metal elements in soy sauce had no risk to the public health. The proposed methodology in this study was successfully applied for the quality control for metal elements in soy sauce and the containing glass bottles for the first time, and a research method suitable for soy sauce consumption process control and risk assessment has been established.

scholarly journals A Review of Metal Levels in Urban Dust, Their Methods of Determination, and Risk Assessment

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Chikumbusko Chiziwa Kaonga ◽  
Ishmael Bobby Mphangwe Kosamu ◽  
Wells Robert Utembe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Urban Dust ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

This review gives insights into the levels of metals in urban dust, their determination methods, and risk assessment. Urban dust harbors a number of pollutants, including heavy metals. There are various methods used for the sampling of urban dust for heavy-metal analysis and source-apportionment purposes, with the predominant one being the use of plastic sampling materials to avoid prior contamination. There are also various methods for the determination of metals, which include: atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), among others. Studies have shown that pollutants in urban dust are mainly derived from industrial activities and coal combustion, whereas traffic emissions are also an important, but not a predominant source of pollution. The varying particle-size distribution of urban dust and its large surface area makes it easier for the deposition and transport of heavy metals. Risk-assessment studies have shown that metals in urban dust could cause such problems as human pulmonary toxicity and reduction of invertebrate populations. The risk levels seem to be higher in children than adults, as some studies have shown. It is therefore important that studies on metals in urban dust should always incorporate risk assessment as one of the main issues.

Towards a revision of 234U and 230Th decay constants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Kristina Kerber ◽  
Sophie Warken ◽  
Axel Gerdes ◽  
Norbert Frank
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Secular Equilibrium ◽  
Decay Constants ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The quality of uranium-series ages depends on the accuracy and precision at which the decay constants of 234U, 230Th and 238U are determined. Here, we present intermediate results for a revision of the decay constants of 234U and 230Th. Therefore, we examined a selection of different materials in secular equilibrium using isotope dilution multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). New approaches of our study in particular concern the characterization of routines for measuring all isotopes on Faraday cups, i. e. low abundance isotopes on cups with 10^13 Ohm amplifiers, and a different selection of materials in comparison to previous studies.  λ_234 could be determined so far at a precision of 24 ε and agrees with the latest literature value of Cheng et al. (2013) within its error margins.</p>

Using ICP-MS to Detect Inorganic Elements in Organic Materials: A New Tool to Identify Mordants or Dyes on Ancient Textiles

2004 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Dussubieux ◽  
Mary W. Ballard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Organic Dye ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inorganic Constituents

ABSTRACTThe feasibility of determining metallic elements used as mordants or dyes with inorganic constituents was tested using inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). For this purpose, modern, historic and archaeological samples were investigated. Mordants containing copper, iron, tin, aluminium or uranium were successfully identified as well as an organic dye with a substitutional bromine.

scholarly journals Trends towards Effective Analysis of Fluorinated Compounds Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ruth Lorivi Moirana ◽  
Thomas Kivevele ◽  
Josephine Mkunda ◽  
Kelvin Mtei ◽  
Revocatus Machunda
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Effective Analysis

Increased demand for monitoring and identification of novel and unknown fluorinated compounds (FCs) has demonstrated the need of sensitive fluorine-specific detectors for unknown FCs in both biological and environmental matrices. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a promising technique for analysis of FCs and has been rated as the most powerful tool in analytical chemistry. However, direct determination of fluorine using this technique is challenged by high ionization potential of fluorine together with spectral and nonspectral interferences which affect the quality of results. To enhance the quality of results, several studies have reported modifications of a conventional ICP-MS analysis procedure on sample preparation, introduction, analysis, and instrument optimization. Therefore, the focus of this study is to discuss different ICP-MS optimizations and future trends towards the effective analysis of FCs using ICP-MS.

scholarly journals Determination of Selenium in Common and Selenium-Rich Rice from Different Areas in China and Assessment of Their Dietary Intake

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4596
Author(s):  
Liuquan Zhang ◽  
Yanbin Guo ◽  
Kehong Liang ◽  
Zhongqiu Hu ◽  
Xiangdong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
New York ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

In this study, 41 common rice varieties and 211 selenium-rich rice varieties from ten representative areas in China were collected in 2017–2019. The selenium contents of rice were analyzed with optimized inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Selenium concentrations of common rice and selenium-rich rice ranges were 0.81–7.26 and 0.76–180.73 µg/100 g, respectively. The selenium contents in selenium-rich rice from different areas were significantly different (p < 0.001) while those in common rice from different areas were not. The selenium-rich rice in Harbin and Keshan showed the lowest selenium level and those from selenium-rich areas (Enshi and Ankang) were highest. Based on the estimation of the risk assessment software @risk7.0 (Palisade Corporation, New York, NY, USA), the consumption of selenium-rich rice can effectively increase dietary selenium intake for the population. However, the risk index of P95 (Percentile 95) selenium exposure at the tolerable upper intake level for children at 2–14 years old exceeded 100%, with potential risk currently. Therefore, the consumption of selenium-rich rice should be properly monitored for young children and adolescents.

Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Investigating Nonlinear Response Observed in Pulse Counting Mode and Extending the Linear Dynamic Range by Compensating for Dead Time Related Count Losses on a Microsecond Timescale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Strenge ◽  
Carsten Engelhard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Dynamic Range ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

<p>The article demonstrates the importance of using a suitable approach to compensate for dead time relate count losses (a certain measurement artefact) whenever short, but potentially strong transient signals are to be analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Findings strongly support the theory that inadequate time resolution, and therefore insufficient compensation for these count losses, is one of the main reasons for size underestimation observed when analysing inorganic nanoparticles using ICP-MS, a topic still controversially discussed.</p>

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