One-factor-at-a-time method combined with ICP-MS for determining 11 elements in soy sauce and their migration from the containing glass bottles

This study was designed to determine the 11 metal elements (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sb, and Pb) in soy sauce and their migration from the containing glass bottles. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied for the determination of the elements and one-factor-at-a-time method was employed for optimizing the ICP-MS parameters in migration experiment and microwave digestion experiment. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the content of 11 elements. The results showed that the experiment had excellent correlation and sensitivity. The accuracy of the elements in the migration study and test of soy sauce itself ranging from 84.25% to 118.75% was satisfied, and the precision of the method was validated and the RSD was no more than 15.5%. The concentration of all the detected metal elements migrated from the glass bottles were between 0.3450 and 2.398 ng·mL−1, and the risk assessment indicated that the metal elements in soy sauce had no risk to the public health. The proposed methodology in this study was successfully applied for the quality control for metal elements in soy sauce and the containing glass bottles for the first time, and a research method suitable for soy sauce consumption process control and risk assessment has been established.

Preparation of Soolanirmoolana Rasa - A Herbo-Mineral Formulation

Soolanirmoolana Rasa is a herbo mineral formulation explained in Rasatarangini- Vishopavisha vijnaneeya tarangam under the description of kupilu. It contains rasasindoora, gandhaka, sankha bhasma, saindhava, trikatu, jeeraka, amlavetasa and kupilu. It is prescribed in gastrointestinal diseases associated with pain. The work done on the pharmaceutical aspect of Soolanirmoolana rasa is explained in this research paper. For preparing rasasindoora, parada and gandhaka were subjeceted to sodhana separately, then samagunagandhaka kajjali was prepared and bhavana was done in vatankura kashaya. Sankha was subjected to sodhana first followed by three putas to get sankhabhasma. The upavisha kupilu was also purified, powdered and levigated in ardraka swarasa along with powders of other herbal and mineral drugs and finally rolled into pills having gunja pramana i.e. 125 mg size. The shade dried pills were then measured and stored in airtight glass bottles and kept away from sunlight and moisture. The process was done with 10g rasasindoora and a final product of 2134 pills having average weight of 124mg was obtained. Key words: Soolanirmoolana rasa, Agnivardhaka, Amahara, Sodhana, Bhavana, Upavisha.

Assessing the Viability of Commercial Media for the Mass Culture of Chaetoceros muelleri

The microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri is considered a highly nutritious feed for the cultured larvae of the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria scabra. Due to the cost of analytical grade culture media used in the production of C. muelleri, there is a need to evaluate cheap alternative commercial media to decrease the cost of producing quality live microalgal food. In this study, two different indoor batch culture systems (1 L glass bottles and 10 L plastic carboys) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of two conventional (modified F/2 and Walne’s) and one commercial (Epizyme AGP complete) microalgal culture media. Results of the 1 L glass bottle experiment showed that the peak cell density of C. muelleri in AGP (1,241 ± 116 x 104 cells ml-1) was not significantly different from the modified F/2 (1,584 ± 41 x 104 cells ml-1) and Walne’s medium (1,319 ± 162 x 104 cells ml-1) (Kruskal-Wallis test, p=0.78). Likewise, in the plastic carboy experiment, the maximum cell density of C. muelleri in Walne’s medium (750 ± 144 x 104 cells ml-1) and F/2 medium (653 ± 79 x 104 cells ml-1) were higher, but not significantly different from AGP (496 ± 184 x 104 cells ml-1) (Kruskal-Wallis test, p=0.43). The highest growth rate in the glass bottle cultures was the modified F/2 (0.38 div day-1), while AGP was the lowest (0.34 div. day-1). On the other hand, in carboy culture, AGP was higher (0.17 div.day-1) compared to modified F/2 (0.15 div. day-1) and Walne’s medium (0.13 div. day-1). The exponential growth phase was similar in the glass bottles, while in the carboy, the exponential phase was reached at a shorter time in the AGP treatment than those in the modified F/2 and Walne’s media. The findings showed that AGP medium is an adequate alternative to replace the conventional media (modified F/2 and Walne’s) during the secondary stock culture for C. muelleri. The viability of using cheaper and more readily available commercial AGP media for the indoor culture production of C. muelleri can contribute to cost-effective scaling-up of the hatchery production of quality H. scabra larvae and early juveniles.

Peningkatan Kualitas Desain Kemasan dan Pengelolaan Data Usaha Pada Industri Rumah Tangga Kenko

Kenkō is a home industry that produces organic almond milk. This business carries the theme of a healthy lifestyle and has a vision to participate in preserving the environment and nature. However, Kenkō still uses single-use plastic packaging to package its products. This is considered contradictory by its customers. In addition, business administration data which includes recording of production costs, turnover, sales transactions, and financial reports are still using notebooks. Therefore, this business has difficulty in making financial statements. This activity seeks and implements solutions to the partner's problems. The methods used in this activity include, among others, socialization, focus group discussions, providing packaging assistance and business management training. The packaging was replaced with glass bottles because it was considered more suitable for reuse and safe from harmful chemicals such as BPA. This activity also provides training on business administration data management using technology, namely MS Excel because it is considered capable of making financial reports easier. The results of this activity include the creation of new packaging in the form of BPA-free glass bottles and a new label design for the Kenkō home industry as well as the implementation of MS. Excel training activities to assist and simplify business administration management, as well as indirectly support the healthy lifestyle movement. and participate in preserving the environment and the natural surroundings. The follow-up activity planned for this partner is digital marketing and bringing their products to a digital platform, namely e-commerce.

CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION IN PACKAGING MATERIAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL USE

The use of packaging materials is important in the pharmaceutical industry. The pharmaceutical industry uses, as primary packaging materials, glass bottles, blister packs, caps and closures, glass vials, sealed tubes. The aim of this study is to perform global component migration analyses on these types of packaging, to see if there is a possibility of migration of components from the pharmaceutical package into the drug, so as not to alter in any way its therapeutic properties. The results obtained from the processing of the extracts obtained were below the maximum limits allowed for each category of packaging, respectively, plastic, paper and cardboard, glass.

The Process Development of Glass Cullet and Recycled Glass Aggregate for Improving Recycling Rate

Due to depletion of resources and the spread of environmental pollution, the sustainability of raw materials is emerging as an important issue. Glass bottles are one of the products that are easy to recycle, and many studies have been conducted to improve the recycling rate. In this study, we attempted to develop the waste glass bottles process that can be recycled into a glass cullet and recycled glass aggregate. To produce a cullet from waste glass bottles(WGBs), color quality standards must be satisfied. Therefore, we applied a multistage color sorter to the experiment. The recycled aggregate glass must adjust the particle size. Thus, we experimented with the optimum crusher selection test when applying the crushing process. And, we confirmed the appropriateness of process by aspect ratio analysis of product. In addition, we confirmed the trends in the data required to set the optimum design and operating conditions of the selected vertical shaft impact(VSI) crusher using discrete element method(DEM) simulations.

Empowerment of Housewives in Utilizing Household Waste through Decoupage Handicrafts in Mokoau Village, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi

The problem faced by housewives in Mokoau Subdistrict of Kambu Kota Kendari is the lack of creativity and productivity, whare the absence of activities oriented towoards economic independence limited capital to start a business and a lack of skills both and hard skills in the world of entrepreneurship. This resulted in housewives beings perceived as being less able to help the family economy. The solution offered is through entrepreneurial activities in the form of utilization of household waste in the form of used can and glass bottles combined with tissue decoupage handicrafts. Throught this activity is to increase the incamo of housewives, especially in terms of utilization of household waste, so that it general the economic empowerment of the community can also increase.