Changes in Muscle Mass after Botulinum Toxin Injection in Children with Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

We aimed to evaluate muscle mass changes after injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP). Children aged between 2 and 12 years who were diagnosed with hemiplegic CP with spastic equinus foot were prospectively recruited and administered BoNT in the affected leg. Lean body mass (LBM) of both legs and total limbs was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) preinjection and 4 and 12 weeks after injection. A total of 15 children were enrolled into the study. LBM of both legs and total limbs increased significantly over 12 weeks of growth. The ratio of LBM of the affected leg to total limbs and to the unaffected leg significantly reduced at 4 weeks after injection compared with preinjection but significantly increased at 12 weeks after injection compared with 4 weeks after injection. In conclusion, the muscle mass of the affected leg after BoNT injection in children with hemiplegic spastic CP decreased at 4 weeks after BoNT injection but significantly recovered after 12 weeks after injection.

Download Full-text

Correlation of a feline muscle mass score with body composition determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451100050x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 106 (S1) ◽

pp. S57-S59 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Kathryn E. Michel ◽

Wendy Anderson ◽

Carolyn Cupp ◽

Dorothy P. Laflamme

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Rater Agreement ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

X Ray

Body condition scoring (BCS) systems primarily assess body fat. Both overweight and underweight animals may have loss of lean tissue that may not be noted using standard BCS systems. Catabolism of lean tissue can occur rapidly, may account for a disproportionate amount of body mass loss in sick cats and can have deleterious consequences for outcome. Therefore, along with evaluation of body fat, patients should undergo evaluation of muscle mass. The aims of the present study were first to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of a 4-point feline muscle mass scoring (MMS) system and second to assess the convergent validity of MMS by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). MMS was as follows: 3, normal muscle mass; 2, slight wasting; 1, moderate wasting; 0, severe wasting. For the first aim, forty-four cats were selected for evaluation based on age and BCS, and for the second aim, thirty-three cats were selected based on age, BCS and MMS. Cats were scored by ten different evaluators on three separate occasions. Body composition was determined by DXA. Inter- and intra-rater agreement were assessed using kappa analysis. Correlation between MMS and BCS, age, percentage lean body mass and lean body mass (LBM) was determined using Spearman's rank-order correlation. The MMS showed moderate inter-rater agreement in cats that scored normal or severely wasted (κ = 0·48–0·53). Intra-rater agreement was substantial (κ = 0·71–0·73). The MMS was significantly correlated with BCS (r 0·76, P < 0·0001), age (r − 0·75, P < 0·0001), LBM (g) (r 0·62, P < 0·0001) and percentage LBM (r − 0·49, P < 0·0035). Additional investigation is needed to determine whether the MMS can be refined and to assess its clinical applicability.

Download Full-text

Longitudinal Comparison of Lean Body Mass by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Muscle Mass by Creatine (methyl-d3) Dilution in Response to a 28-d Severe Energy Deficit

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa049_007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 614-614

Author(s):

Claire Berryman ◽

Mahalakshmi Shankaran ◽

Edna Nyangau ◽

William Evans ◽

Marc Hellerstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lean Body Mass ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Energy Deficit ◽

Short Term ◽

Free Living ◽

X Ray ◽

Term Energy ◽

Healthy Males

Abstract Objectives We reported that healthy males supplemented with testosterone gained lean body mass (LBM) during 28-d of energy deficit and 14 d of ad libitium feeding when measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), but with no increase in muscle strength. We were unable to determine whether LBM gains were due to muscle mass accrual since DXA does not deliniate muscle from visceral organs and body water. Objectives: To assess the effects of testosterone supplementation on muscle mass as measured by creatine (methyl-d3) dilution, and determine the relationship between muscle mass and DXA-measured LBM in response to short-term energy deficit. Methods Secondary analysis of a 3-phase, randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial in healthy males: 14-d free-living, eucaloric phase (P1); 28-d live-in, 55% energy deficit phase with (200 mg testosterone enanthate/wk, TEST, n = 24) or without (PLA, n = 26) testosterone (P2); and 14-d free-living, ad libitum feeding phase (P3). Muscle mass was measured by creatine dilution and LBM by DXA at the end of each phase. Results We previously reported increased LBM in TEST (mean change from P1 ± SEM; 2.5 ± 0.4, P < 0.01), but not PLA (−0.3 ± 0.3 kg, P > 0.05), following P2. Both TEST (5.2 ± 0.4 kg) and PLA (2.2 ± 0.4 kg) gained LBM in P3 (P < 0.01). There was a treatment-by-phase trend for change in muscle mass (P-interaction = 0.054), but muscle mass data were highly variable and no post-hoc comparisons met statistical significance (PLA, P2: −0.3 ± 1.6; TEST, P2: −0.7 ± 1.7; PLA, P3: −0.3 ± 1.6; TEST, P3: 3.8 ± 1.7 kg; P > 0.05). Cross-sectional measures of muscle mass were correlated (P < 0.001) with total and appendicular LBM at P1 (r = 0.63 and 0.67), P2 (r = 0.71 and 0.72), and P3 (r = 0.55 and 0.48), respectively. However, changes in muscle mass were not associated with changes in total or appendicular LBM at P2 or P3 (P > 0.05). Conclusions Testosterone supplementation increased LBM in response to short-term energy deficit and recovery feeding, but had no significant effect on muscle mass or muscle function. The discordance between changes in LBM and muscle mass underscore the inherent limitations of LBM as a surrogate measure for skeletal muscle mass, particularly in response to short-term intervention studies. Funding Sources DHP JPC-5/MOMRP; authors’ views not official U.S. Army or DoD policy.

Download Full-text

Ways to optimize the assessment of lean body mass in hemodialysis patients

Urologicheskie vedomosti ◽

10.17816/uroved9123-28 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

Juliia V. Lavrishcheva ◽

Aleksandr A. Jakovenko

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Dual Energy ◽

European Part ◽

X Ray ◽

Bland Altman Method ◽

Total Lean Body Mass ◽

The Russian Federation

The aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of methods for assessing lean body mass in haemodialysis patients. Patients and methods. A total of 317 patients receiving treatment with programmatic bicarbonate haemodialysis in 9 haemodialysis centers in 5 regions of the European part of the Russian Federation were examined for 8.2 ± 5.1 years, among them 171 women and 146 men, the average age was 57.1 ± 11.3 years. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedancemetry were used to assess lean body mass. Results. The results of determining the total lean body mass obtained from the results of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedancemetry were compared using the Bland-Altman method. The correlation coefficient between the indicators was r = 0.994, p < 0.0001, delta (M ± σ) was –0.48 ± 0.91 kg, CI 95% (–0.71)–(–0.26) kg. Conclusion. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry has no significant advantages compared with bioimpedancemetry when evaluating lean body mass in haemodialysis patients.

Download Full-text