scholarly journals Progress in Understanding the Nature of SS433

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Anatol Cherepashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Relativistic Astrophysics ◽  
Supercritical Regime ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Photometric Observations ◽  
Sternberg Astronomical Institute ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Optical Star ◽  
Refined Estimate ◽  
The Masses

SS433 is the first example of a microquasar discovered in the Galaxy. It is a natural laboratory for studies of extraordinarily interesting physical processes that are very important for the relativistic astrophysics, cosmic gas dynamics and theory of evolution of stars. The object has been studied for over 40 years in the optical, X-ray and radio bands. By now, it is generally accepted that SS433 is a massive eclipsing X-ray binary in an advanced stage of evolution in the supercritical regime of accretion on the relativistic object. Intensive spectral and photometric observations of SS433 at the Caucasian Mountain Observatory of the P. K. Sternberg Astronomical Institute of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University made it possible to find the ellipticity of the SS433 orbit and to discover an increase in the system’s orbital period. These results shed light on a number of unresolved issues related to SS433. In particular, a refined estimate of the mass ratio MxMv>0.8 was obtained (Mx and Mv are the masses of the relativistic object and optical star). Based on these estimates, the relativistic object in the SS433 system is the black hole; its mass is >8M⊙. The ellipticity of the orbit is consistent with the “slaved” accretion disc model. The results obtained made it possible to understand why SS433 evolves as the semi-detached binary instead of the common envelope system.

scholarly journals Properties of Dust in Giant Elliptical Galaxies: The rôle of the Environment

2000 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Paul Goudfrooij
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Galaxy Nucleus

AbstractThe properties of dust in giant elliptical galaxies are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the influence of the environment.After normalizing by the optical luminosities, a strong anticorrelation between the masses of dust and hot gas in X-ray bright ellipticals is found. Furthermore, large-scale, regularly-shaped dust lanes (which are symmetric with respect to the galaxy nucleus) are only found to be present in ellipticals with the lowest ratios of the mass of hot gas to the blue luminosity (Mhot/LB ≲ 0.04 in solar units). This can be explained by the short time scale for the destruction of dust grains within the hot, X-ray- emitting gas compared to the formation timescale of such dust lanes in early-type galaxies.Dust within ellipticals in “loose” environments (i.e. in the field or in loose groups) is typically characterized by small values of RV ≡ AV/EB−V (i-e. small characteristic grain sizes), and distributed in dust lanes with a smooth, relaxed morphology. On the other hand, dust in ellipticals that are in or near the center of dense groups or clusters is typically much more irregularly distributed, and characterized by RV values that are close to the Galactic one.I predict that ellipticals containing “relaxed” dust lanes with typical dust masses of 106 − 107M⊙ do not contain hot, X-ray-emitting gas.

scholarly journals The role of AGN activity in the building up of the BCG at z ∼ 1.6

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S356) ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Angela Bongiorno ◽  
Andrea Travascio
Keyword(s):  
Galaxy Cluster ◽  
Cluster Galaxy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Groups Of Galaxies ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Multi Wavelength

AbstractXDCPJ0044.0-2033 is one of the most massive galaxy cluster at z ∼1.6, for which a wealth of multi-wavelength photometric and spectroscopic data have been collected during the last years. I have reported on the properties of the galaxy members in the very central region (∼ 70kpc × 70kpc) of the cluster, derived through deep HST photometry, SINFONI and KMOS IFU spectroscopy, together with Chandra X-ray, ALMA and JVLA radio data.In the core of the cluster, we have identified two groups of galaxies (Complex A and Complex B), seven of them confirmed to be cluster members, with signatures of ongoing merging. These galaxies show perturbed morphologies and, three of them show signs of AGN activity. In particular, two of them, located at the center of each complex, have been found to host luminous, obscured and highly accreting AGN (λ = 0.4−0.6) exhibiting broad Hα line. Moreover, a third optically obscured type-2 AGN, has been discovered through BPT diagram in Complex A. The AGN at the center of Complex B is detected in X-ray while the other two, and their companions, are spatially related to radio emission. The three AGN provide one of the closest AGN triple at z > 1 revealed so far with a minimum (maximum) projected distance of 10 kpc (40 kpc). The discovery of multiple AGN activity in a highly star-forming region associated to the crowded core of a galaxy cluster at z ∼ 1.6, suggests that these processes have a key role in shaping the nascent Brightest Cluster Galaxy, observed at the center of local clusters. According to our data, all galaxies in the core of XDCPJ0044.0-2033 could form a BCG of M* ∼ 1012Mȯ hosting a BH of 2 × 108−109Mȯ, in a time scale of the order of 2.5 Gyrs.

Supermassive Black Hole feedback in early type galaxies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (S359) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
W. Forman ◽  
C. Jones ◽  
A. Bogdan ◽  
R. Kraft ◽  
E. Churazov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter Halo ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Early Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Galaxy Groups ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Simple Scaling ◽  
Halo Masses

AbstractOptically luminous early type galaxies host X-ray luminous, hot atmospheres. These hot atmospheres, which we refer to as coronae, undergo the same cooling and feedback processes as are commonly found in their more massive cousins, the gas rich atmospheres of galaxy groups and galaxy clusters. In particular, the hot coronae around galaxies radiatively cool and show cavities in X-ray images that are filled with relativistic plasma originating from jets powered by supermassive black holes (SMBH) at the galaxy centers. We discuss the SMBH feedback using an X-ray survey of early type galaxies carried out using Chandra X-ray Observatory observations. Early type galaxies with coronae very commonly have weak X-ray active nuclei and have associated radio sources. Based on the enthalpy of observed cavities in the coronae, there is sufficient energy to “balance” the observed radiative cooling. There are a very few remarkable examples of optically faint galaxies that are 1) unusually X-ray luminous, 2) have large dark matter halo masses, and 3) have large SMBHs (e.g., NGC4342 and NGC4291). These properties suggest that, in some galaxies, star formation may have been truncated at early times, breaking the simple scaling relations.

scholarly journals NuSTAR and Chandra Observations of New X-Ray Transients in the Central Parsec of the Galaxy

2019 ◽  
Vol 885 (2) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaya Mori ◽  
Charles J. Hailey ◽  
Shifra Mandel ◽  
Yve E. Schutt ◽  
Matteo Bachetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Central Parsec

scholarly journals Anisotropy of the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity–temperature relation

2018 ◽  
Vol 611 ◽  
pp. A50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Migkas ◽  
Thomas H. Reiprich
Keyword(s):  
Galaxy Clusters ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cosmological Parameters ◽  
Galaxy Cluster ◽  
Luminosity Distance ◽  
Temperature Relation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Group A

We introduce a new test to study the cosmological principle with galaxy clusters. Galaxy clusters exhibit a tight correlation between the luminosity and temperature of the X-ray-emitting intracluster medium. While the luminosity measurement depends on cosmological parameters through the luminosity distance, the temperature determination is cosmology-independent. We exploit this property to test the isotropy of the luminosity distance over the full extragalactic sky, through the normalization a of the LX–T scaling relation and the cosmological parameters Ωm and H0. To this end, we use two almost independent galaxy cluster samples: the ASCA Cluster Catalog (ACC) and the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS-DR1). Interestingly enough, these two samples appear to have the same pattern for a with respect to the Galactic longitude. More specifically, we identify one sky region within l ~ (−15°, 90°) (Group A) that shares very different best-fit values for the normalization of the LX–T relation for both ACC and XCS-DR1 samples. We use the Bootstrap and Jackknife methods to assess the statistical significance of these results. We find the deviation of Group A, compared to the rest of the sky in terms of a, to be ~2.7σ for ACC and ~3.1σ for XCS-DR1. This tension is not significantly relieved after excluding possible outliers and is not attributed to different redshift (z), temperature (T), or distributions of observable uncertainties. Moreover, a redshift conversion to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) frame does not have an important impact on our results. Using also the HIFLUGCS sample, we show that a possible excess of cool-core clusters in this region, is not able to explain the obtained deviations. Furthermore, we tested for a dependence of the results on supercluster environment, where the fraction of disturbed clusters might be enhanced, possibly affecting the LX–T relation. We indeed find a trend in the XCS-DR1 sample for supercluster members to be underluminous compared to field clusters. However, the fraction of supercluster members is similar in the different sky regions, so this cannot explain the observed differences, either. Constraining Ωm and H0 via the redshift evolution of LX–T and the luminosity distance via the flux–luminosity conversion, we obtain approximately the same deviation amplitudes as for a. It is interesting that the general observed behavior of Ωm for the sky regions that coincide with the CMB dipole is similar to what was found with other cosmological probes such as supernovae Ia. The reason for this behavior remains to be identified.

scholarly journals X-Ray Nova Flares

1975 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 501-508
Author(s):  
P. R. Amnuel ◽  
O. H. Guseinov
Keyword(s):  
Light Curve ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Dwarf Star ◽  
Optical Identification ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spectral Class ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Galaxy

In order to find out the physical nature of galactic X-ray sources, data on the variability of 24 sources during 1964–1971 have been investigated. The fluxes of 9 sources are found to be increasing to the maximum value (for several months) and then slowly decreasing (for 3 years). These 9 sources have been related by us to the class of X-ray Novae. The X-ray Nova synthetic light curve has been drawn from data of the fluxes of 9 discovered Novae. Assumptions have been made on the physical nature of the X-ray Novae. Between the flares the X-ray Novae may be weak X-ray sources with a luminosity of about 1034 erg s−1. During the flares the luminosity increases to about 1038 erg s−1. The number of X-ray sources in the Galaxy is about 103–104. The object of the optical identification may be a dwarf star of no earlier spectral class than F.

scholarly journals Study of variability of 2MASSJ10183905+0014078 stellar objects

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
E. C. Romas
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Stellar Objects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spectral Class ◽  
Photometric Observations ◽  
Type Object ◽  
Brightness Variability ◽  
Made In

This paper presents observational data for the star 2MASSJ10183905+0014078 (UCAC4 452-048383), in which so far no brightness variability has been detected. However, photometric observations made in 2015 allowed recording are activity with an amplitude of 0.8 m for this star. The star parameters, namely magnitude and color index (V0 = 7.59, (B - V)0 = 1.19) and, therefore, the position on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, luminosity (L☉ = 0.1), spectral class (K7), mass (M☉ = 0.6), the spectral characteristics in the optical (Ca, Fe, Na D, H_ lines, Mg H, and TiO bands) and X-ray ranges allow us to classify the star as UVCet type object. The ash profile can be attributed to type II, with a relatively slow increase and decrease in brightness.

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