scholarly journals PhaLP: A Database for the Study of Phage Lytic Proteins and Their Evolution

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Bjorn Criel ◽  
Steff Taelman ◽  
Wim Van Criekinge ◽  
Michiel Stock ◽  
Yves Briers
Keyword(s):  
Protein Sequence ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Community Of Researchers ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Content ◽  
Broad Community ◽  
High Diversity

Phage lytic proteins are a clinically advanced class of novel enzyme-based antibiotics, so-called enzybiotics. A growing community of researchers develops phage lytic proteins with the perspective of their use as enzybiotics. A successful translation of enzybiotics to the market requires well-considered selections of phage lytic proteins in early research stages. Here, we introduce PhaLP, a database of phage lytic proteins, which serves as an open portal to facilitate the development of phage lytic proteins. PhaLP is a comprehensive, easily accessible and automatically updated database (currently 16,095 entries). Capitalizing on the rich content of PhaLP, we have mapped the high diversity of natural phage lytic proteins and conducted analyses at three levels to gain insight in their host-specific evolution. First, we provide an overview of the modular diversity. Secondly, datamining and interpretable machine learning approaches were adopted to reveal host-specific design rules for domain architectures in endolysins. Lastly, the evolution of phage lytic proteins on the protein sequence level was explored, revealing host-specific clusters. In sum, PhaLP can act as a starting point for the broad community of enzybiotic researchers, while the steadily improving evolutionary insights will serve as a natural inspiration for protein engineers.

scholarly journals Reinforcement Learning Approaches in Social Robotics

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1292
Author(s):  
Neziha Akalin ◽  
Amy Loutfi
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Real World ◽  
Social Robotics ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Reward Function ◽  
Optimal Behavior ◽  
Learning Challenges ◽  
Starting Point

This article surveys reinforcement learning approaches in social robotics. Reinforcement learning is a framework for decision-making problems in which an agent interacts through trial-and-error with its environment to discover an optimal behavior. Since interaction is a key component in both reinforcement learning and social robotics, it can be a well-suited approach for real-world interactions with physically embodied social robots. The scope of the paper is focused particularly on studies that include social physical robots and real-world human-robot interactions with users. We present a thorough analysis of reinforcement learning approaches in social robotics. In addition to a survey, we categorize existent reinforcement learning approaches based on the used method and the design of the reward mechanisms. Moreover, since communication capability is a prominent feature of social robots, we discuss and group the papers based on the communication medium used for reward formulation. Considering the importance of designing the reward function, we also provide a categorization of the papers based on the nature of the reward. This categorization includes three major themes: interactive reinforcement learning, intrinsically motivated methods, and task performance-driven methods. The benefits and challenges of reinforcement learning in social robotics, evaluation methods of the papers regarding whether or not they use subjective and algorithmic measures, a discussion in the view of real-world reinforcement learning challenges and proposed solutions, the points that remain to be explored, including the approaches that have thus far received less attention is also given in the paper. Thus, this paper aims to become a starting point for researchers interested in using and applying reinforcement learning methods in this particular research field.

scholarly journals Accessing primary care Big Data: the development of a software algorithm to explore the rich content of consultation records

BMJ Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e008160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J MacRae ◽  
B Darlow ◽  
L McBain ◽  
O Jones ◽  
M Stubbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Big Data ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Content

Opportunities and Challenges for Practical Training in Public Health: Insights from Practicum Coordinators in Ontario

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Wegener ◽  
Marilyne Petitclerc
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Sustainable Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Narrow View ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Training Opportunities

Dietetic educators and practicum coordinators (PC) play critical roles in preparing students for practice. Dietitians have made significant progress in the development of educational curricula, competencies, and other resources to support knowledge and skill attainment in public health. There are identified gaps in the literature concerning practical training in sustainable food systems and public health, creating barriers in knowledge exchange and improvements in practicum programs in Canada. This paper discusses the potential opportunities and challenges associated with the number of placements for practical training in public health based on interviews with PCs in Ontario. The findings are limited to the perspectives of 7 PCs with experience in practical training and are a starting point for ongoing evaluation. Identified opportunities within traditional and “emerging settings” for practical training in public health included: the uniqueness of the experience, the potential for students to learn outside their comfort zones, and greater possibilities for dietitians in new roles and settings. Challenges included the need for significant PC engagement with nondietetic preceptors and a narrow view of dietetic practice among some dietitians. Interprofessional teams, emerging settings, and flexible learning approaches may create and support practical training opportunities in food systems and public health going forward.

scholarly journals The historical writing of the Monography in contemporary Morocco: a contribution to the study of backgrounds, subject and methodology: الكتابة التاريخية المونوغرافية بالمغرب المعاصر: إسهام في دراسة الخلفيات والموضوع والمنهج

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elbachir Abarzak
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional History ◽  
The Rich

Form of requirement to rewrite the history of Morocco, end and destined for historical writing since the dawn of contemporary Moroccan independence to today. To achieve this endeavor went searching at first with the pioneers of traditional historical writing about writing encyclopedic local dates for various parts of the country, leaving archival sources and the rich historical material, formed an indispensable starting point for subsequent generations of researchers. Has contributed to those pioneers in founding the transformation of historical research in Morocco beginning in the 1970s, crystallized modern path generated in regional history, formed in some respects a continuation of historical writing traditional regional hand and open to Thematic issues and new methodology.

A computer-assisted automatic conceptual design system for the distributed multi-disciplinary resource environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
You-Bai Xie
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Design System ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Design Resources ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Resource Environment

The trend of large-scale development of design industry requires efficient and full use of the rich design resources in the distributed multi-disciplinary resource environment. However, the designers are susceptible to many subjective and objective impacts, like knowledge structure, computing capability, geographic position, and administrative division. These impacts make the usage of design resources unstable and inefficient. Therefore, this paper proposed a computer-assisted automatic conceptual design system (CACDS). This system assumes that the design resources in the distributed multi-disciplinary resource environment exist in the form of functional elements with the same format, so that, the geographic, administrative, and disciplinary barriers in the design process can be broken, and the design resources can be fully used. CACDS is based on a group of basic concepts and their representations, its core is a functional solution generating algorithm, which is used to automatically generate functional solutions. As the result of the conceptual design, these functional solutions are also the starting point of the following detail design phase. Finally, a lighting system for underground greenhouse is designed as an illustrative case to validate the feasibility of the proposed CACDS.

Der Ausschluss von Nachträgen in Pauschalpreisbauverträgen nach polnischem Recht

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Barczewski
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Construction Contracts ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
The One

Why go construction companies bankrupt on a mass scale in Poland? This question forms the starting point for an analysis of the phenomenon of construction insolvencies. The author sees the main cause for the undesirable developments in the specific design of Polish law. On the one hand there are only few requirements regarding construction design. As a consequence, construction projects are insufficiently planned. On the other hand, most construction contracts are lump sum contracts. The lump sum encompasses all necessary works. The author criticises the particular imbalance of the regulations, defines limits of permissible risk assumptions and prepares a proposal for a more balanced legislation.

scholarly journals A Meta-Learning Approach for Custom Model Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 9937-9938
Author(s):  
Amir Erfan Eshratifar ◽  
Mohammad Saeed Abrishami ◽  
David Eigen ◽  
Massoud Pedram
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Target Task ◽  
Training Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Meta Learning ◽  
Future Task ◽  
Model Training ◽  
Training Examples

Transfer-learning and meta-learning are two effective methods to apply knowledge learned from large data sources to new tasks. In few-class, few-shot target task settings (i.e. when there are only a few classes and training examples available in the target task), meta-learning approaches that optimize for future task learning have outperformed the typical transfer approach of initializing model weights from a pretrained starting point. But as we experimentally show, metalearning algorithms that work well in the few-class setting do not generalize well in many-shot and many-class cases. In this paper, we propose a joint training approach that combines both transfer-learning and meta-learning. Benefiting from the advantages of each, our method obtains improved generalization performance on unseen target tasks in both few- and many-class and few- and many-shot scenarios.

North China Plain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Bossen ◽  
Hill Gates
Keyword(s):  
Rural China ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Economic Background

This chapter demonstrates how pervasive footbinding was among the mothers and grandmothers of women we interviewed in northern China. It begins by outlining political and economic background to the region and the development of the preindustrial cotton industry. Hebei province, surrounding Beijing, is the starting point. Heavily influenced by political changes and new developments in transportation and trade, Ding County, was the site of a landmark study of rural China in the 1920s and 1930s. Complementing the early research with new village material provides different perspectives on Ding County's decline in footbinding. Research in villages in Shandong, Henan, and Anhui Provinces provides additional information on the interplay of local environment, trade, girls’ hand labor, the pattern of footbinding and the pace of its decline.

scholarly journals Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity Separation from Cross-Track Infrared Sounder Data with Atmospheric Reanalysis Data and ISSTES Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yu-Ze Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Guang Jiang ◽  
Hua Wu ◽  
Ya-Zhen Jiang ◽  
Zhao-Xia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Land Surface Parameters ◽  
Cross Track

The Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) is one of the most advanced hyperspectral instruments and has been used for various atmospheric applications such as atmospheric retrievals and weather forecast modeling. However, because of the specific design purpose of CrIS, little attention has been paid to retrieving land surface parameters from CrIS data. To take full advantage of the rich spectral information in CrIS data to improve the land surface retrievals, particularly the acquisition of a continuous Land Surface Emissivity (LSE) spectrum, this paper attempts to simultaneously retrieve a continuous LSE spectrum and the Land Surface Temperature (LST) from CrIS data with the atmospheric reanalysis data and the Iterative Spectrally Smooth Temperature and Emissivity Separation (ISSTES) algorithm. The results show that the accuracy of the retrieved LSEs and LST is comparable with the current land products. The overall differences of the LST and LSE retrievals are approximately 1.3 K and 1.48%, respectively. However, the LSEs in our study can be provided as a continuum spectrum instead of the single-channel values in traditional products. The retrieved LST and LSEs now can be better used to further analyze the surface properties or improve the retrieval of atmospheric parameters.

scholarly journals An Interactive Immersive Serious Game Application for Kunyu Quantu World Map

2015 ◽  
Vol II-5/W3 ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S-T. Peng ◽  
S-Y. Hsu ◽  
K-C. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
National Palace Museum ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Physical Spaces ◽  
Rich Content

In recent years, more and more digital technologies and innovative concepts are applied on museum education. One of the concepts applied is “Serious game.” Serious game is not designed for entertainment purpose but allows users to learn real world’s cultural and educational knowledge in the virtual world through game-experiencing. Technologies applied on serious game are identical to those applied on entertainment game. Nowadays, the interactive technology applications considering users’ movement and gestures in physical spaces are developing rapidly, which are extensively used in entertainment games, such as Kinect-based games. The ability to explore space via Kinect-based games can be incorporated into the design of serious game. The ancient world map, Kunyu Quantu, from the collection of the National Palace Museum is therefore applied in serious game development. In general, the ancient world map does not only provide geological information, but also contains museum knowledge. This particular ancient world map is an excellent content applied in games as teaching material. In the 17<sup>th</sup> century, it was first used by a missionary as a medium to teach the Kangxi Emperor of the latest geologic and scientific spirits from the West. On this map, it also includes written biological knowledge and climate knowledge. Therefore, this research aims to present the design of the interactive and immersive serious game based installation that developed from the rich content of the Kunyu Quantu World Map, and to analyse visitor’s experience in terms of real world’s cultural knowledge learning and interactive responses.

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