scholarly journals A Review of the Implementation Status of and National Plans on HPV Vaccination in 17 Middle-Income Countries of the WHO Western Pacific Region

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1355
Author(s):  
Rei Haruyama ◽  
Sumiyo Okawa ◽  
Hiroki Akaba ◽  
Hiromi Obara ◽  
Noriko Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Implementation Status ◽  
National Cancer Control Plan

The World Health Organization’s Western Pacific Region is responsible for one-fourth of the global cervical cancer burden, and nearly 90% of that burden is concentrated in middle-income countries (MICs). Applying a conceptual model of implementation of population-based interventions, we synthesized the current implementation status of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and national plans that form the basis of its implementation in 17 MICs. We gathered information from a range of governmental documents, published studies, and global databases. For all available national cancer-related plans and immunization plans, we examined the description of HPV vaccination. We found that, as of July 2021, only four countries (24%) had a mature HPV vaccination program with a high first-dose coverage; three (18%) had introduced HPV vaccination, but needed further efforts to scale it up, seven (41%) had not been able to introduce it after conducting demonstration projects, and three (18%) did not have any experience in HPV vaccination. In the national plans, most of the countries recognized the importance of HPV vaccination, but only 10 (59%) provided an implementation strategy on how it would be introduced or scaled up. Countries with a mature program were more likely to have their implementation strategy detailed in their national cancer control plan. Successful implementation of HPV vaccination requires overcoming known challenges and having a clear national plan. Positioning HPV vaccination clearly in the overall national cancer control plan may be key to accelerating its nationwide implementation.

scholarly journals Policy Report: Introducing an Effective National Cancer Control Plan in the Maldives

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 152s-152s
Author(s):  
J. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Control ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
National Cancer Control Plan ◽  
Prevalence Of Cancer

Background and context: There is no National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP) in the Maldives. The Health Plan has identified cancer as an area with a need for development of separate policy, strategy paper while it is also reflected in the Multi-Stakeholder Action Plan for NCDs. Aim: The main aim of the project is to produce a policy report to guide the development of an effective National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP) in the Maldives. The objectives are to estimate the total period prevalence of cancer in the Maldives (2013-2014); to understand the views of key stakeholders; and synthesize this to develop a policy report and applying the “Cancer Control, Knowledge into Action: WHO Guide for Effective Programmes - in Low and Middle Income Countries”, to the Maldives context to identify priority components in light of the prevalence estimates and views of the key stakeholders. Strategy/Tactics: The policy report will bring together the findings from secondary analysis of quantitative data, analysis of key informant in-depth interviews from stakeholders, using the framework analysis method for qualitative data analysis and applying the “WHO Guide for Effective Programmes - in Low and Middle Income Countries”, to the Maldives context and identify priority components in light of the prevalence estimates and views of the key stakeholders. Outcomes: Among a population of 344,023 people, the estimated total period prevalence for all cancers in the period of 2013-2014 in Maldives is 0.92% (920 cases per 100,000 population). The estimated prevalence is 0.84% for males and 1.01% for females. Oral cancers (including lip, tongue, gum, mouth, and palate) is the most common cancer, followed by eye, breast (with carcinoma in situ), sinuses, skin (melanoma and skin cancers and carcinoma in situ). How common eye cancers and sinus cancers could be reflected as an anomaly in the data as these are uncommon when regional prevalences are compared or is an area where further research is warranted. Thyroid, prostate, lymphomas, leukemias and lung cancers are among the top 10 cancers. The key informant interviews, revealed that there are very limited services available for cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care. What was learned: It is evident that there is a substantial amount of work to be done with regard to cancer control in the Maldives. The high prevalence of cancer and the views of the respondents from the study emphasizes the need for developing a National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP) as an initial step toward comprehensive cancer control efforts in the Maldives. A comprehensive cancer prevention strategy with early detection-early diagnosis and screening should be a priority component for the NCCP, with improvement of diagnosis and treatment services and establishment of a comprehensive palliative and psychosocial care program across the cancer care continuum. This policy report will provide guidance to development of an NCCP with priorities identified.

scholarly journals Action towards Universal Health Coverage and Social Protection for Tuberculosis Care and Prevention: Workshop on the End TB Strategy Pillar 2 in the Western Pacific Region 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Oh ◽  
Kalpeshsinh Rahevar ◽  
Nobuyuki Nishikiori ◽  
Kerri Viney ◽  
Hongjo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Universal Health

Although the End TB Strategy highlights that major global progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) and social protection are fundamental to achieving the global targets for reductions in tuberculosis (TB) incidence and deaths, there is still a long way to go to achieve them in low- and middle-income countries. A workshop on the End TB Strategy Pillar 2 in the Western Pacific Region focusing on action towards UHC and social protection was held between 27 and 29 November in 2017 at the Korean Institute of Tuberculosis in Cheonju, Republic of Korea. The workshop brought together key personnel from national TB programmes and other stakeholders or researchers with experience in this topic from six countries with a high burden of TB in the region. During the workshop, participants shared country experiences, best practices, and challenges in achieving UHC and enhancing social protection in the context of TB service delivery, and also explored policy options to address the challenges, to be applied in their respective countries. This report describes the content of the meeting and the conclusions and recommendations arising from the meeting.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Schuind
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
E6 And E7

HPV is extremely common worldwide and mainly transmitted through sexual contact; most people are infected with HPV shortly after onset of sexual activity. There are >200 types of HPV, of which at least 12 are cancer-causing (oncogenic or high-risk types). HPV is a causal factor for several anogenital and a subset of oropharyngeal cancers with 2 HPV types (16 and 18) causing 72% of all HPV-associated cancers. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally with nearly 90% of the deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Comprehensive cervical cancer control includes primary prevention (vaccination against HPV), secondary prevention (screening and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions) as well as treatment of invasive cervical cancer. The currently licensed vaccines are L1 VLP-based and prophylactic; they have been shown to be safe and highly effective in preventing HPV infections and HPV-associated lesions, precancer and cancer. Neutralizing antibodies are the mechanism of protection for prophylactic HPV VLP-based vaccines. Therapeutic HPV vaccines targeting the oncoproteins E6 and E7 are in clinical development.

Cancer control planning

2016 ◽  
pp. 245-255
Author(s):  
Massoud Samiei
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Cancer Control Plan

Despite all the progress made in cancer research and in the fight against cancer, the disease cannot be completely eradicated in the foreseeable future. A logical public health measure must therefore focus all efforts on preventing and confining the disease, i.e. a systematic and coordinated approach to reduce the impact of cancer on populations. Such an organised approach is called cancer control. It forms part of a holistic and coordinated approach, called a national cancer control plan/ programme (NCCP), involving the public sector, non-governmental organizations, academia, and the private sector. Policy makers and cancer advocacy groups should consider cancer control planning, and its financing and implementation, a public health necessity and not an option. The model proposed here is a hybrid one. The success of cancer control planning depends greatly on the availability and functionality of local cancer data and knowledge, in addition to adequate resources and government commitment.

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