scholarly journals Assessment of Spatial Variation in River Water Quality of the Baiyangdian Basin (China) during Environmental Water Release Period of Upstream Reservoirs

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Ling Zhou ◽  
Wenchao Sun ◽  
Quan Han ◽  
Haiyang Chen ◽  
He Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Baiyangdian Lake ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations

Baiyangdian Lake, the largest freshwater body in Northern China, is facing water shortage and eutrophication problems that threaten the lake’s ecosystem. Environmental water releases from upstream reservoirs to the lake are important measures to provide the freshwater resources demanded by the lake ecosystem. However, knowledge is limited regarding the influences of such water allocations on the water quality of the upstream rivers that receive the reservoir water and transport it into Baiyangdian Lake. To improve our understanding of possible influences of environmental water releases from upstream reservoirs, the spatial variation of water quality in rivers upstream of the lake during environmental water release periods from reservoirs was explored in this study. Water samples were collected along the two routes of water allocation: the WangKuai reservoir route (WKR) and the XiDaYang reservoir route (XDYR) and water quality parameters related to organic pollutants, nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed. In the WKR, the pollutant concentrations generally increased from upstream to downstream. Chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorous at the sampling site closest to Baiyangdian Lake could not meet the water quality target of the water function zone. For the XDYR, pollutant concentrations peaked downstream of the major urban region of Baoding city and then decreased or remained at a similar level further downstream and only the total nitrogen concentration was worse than the target. The dissimilarities in spatial variation patterns of water quality may be caused by the different spatial distribution of wastewater treatment plants in the two routes.

scholarly journals Resolving conflicting objectives in the management of the Plastiras Lake: can we quantify beauty?

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Christofides ◽  
A. Efstratiadis ◽  
D. Koutsoyiannis ◽  
G.-F. Sargentis ◽  
K. Hadjibiros
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
Water Uses

Abstract. The possible water management of the Plastiras Lake, an artificial reservoir in central Greece, is examined. The lake and surrounding landscape are aesthetically degraded when the water level drops, and the requirement of maintaining a high quality of the scenery constitutes one of the several conflicting water uses, the other ones being irrigation, water supply, and power production. This environmental water use, and, to a lesser extent, the requirement for adequate water quality, results in constraining the annual release. Thus, the allowed fluctuation of reservoir stage is not defined by the physical and technical characteristics of the reservoir, but by a multi-criteria decision, the three criteria being maximising water release, ensuring adequate water quality, and maintaining a high quality of the natural landscape. Each of these criteria is analyzed separately. The results are then put together in a multicriterion tableau, which helps understand the implications of the possible alternative decisions. Several conflict resolution methods are overviewed, namely willingness to pay, hedonic prices, and multi-criteria decision analysis. All these methods attempt to quantify non-quantifiable qualities, and it is concluded that they don't necessarily offer any advantage over merely making a choice based on understanding.

scholarly journals Resolving conflicting objectives in the management of the Plastiras Lake: can we quantify beauty?

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-819
Author(s):  
A. Christofides ◽  
A. Efstratiades ◽  
G.-F. Sargentis ◽  
D. Koutsoyiannis ◽  
K. Hadjibiros
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
Water Uses

Abstract. The possible water management of the Plastiras Lake, an artificial reservoir in central Greece, is examined. The lake and surrounding landscape is aesthetically degraded when the water level drops, and the requirement of maintaining a high quality of the scenery constitutes one of the several conflicting water uses, the other ones being irrigation, water supply, and power production. This environmental water use, and, to a lesser extent, the requirement for adequate water quality, results in constraining the annual release. Thus, the allowed fluctuation of reservoir stage is not defined by the physical and technical characteristics of the reservoir, but by a multi-criteria decision, the three criteria being maximizing water release, ensuring adequate water quality, and maintaining a high quality of the natural landscape. Each of these criteria is analyzed separately. The results are then put together in a multicriterion tableau, which helps understand the implications of the possible alternative decisions. Several conflict resolution methods are overviewed, namely willingness to pay, hedonic prices, and multi-criteria decision analysis. All these methods attempt to quantify non-quantifiable qualities, and it is concluded that they don't necessarily offer any advantage over merely making a choice based on understanding.

Formulating biossay data of chemicals and environmental water

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shoji ◽  
A. Sakoda ◽  
Y. Sakai ◽  
M. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Environmental Waters ◽  
Bodies Of Water

The quality of environmental waters such as rivers is often deteriorated by various kinds of trace and unidentified chemicals despite the recent development of sewage systems and wastewater treatment technologies. In addition to contamination by particular toxicants, complex toxicity due to multi-component chemicals could be much more serious. The environmental situation in bodies of water in Japan led us to apply bioassays for monitoring the water quality of environmental waters in order to express the direct and potential toxicity to human beings and ecosystems rather than determinating concentrations of particular chemicals. However, problems arose from the fact that bioassays for pharmaceutical purposes generally required complicated, time-consuming, expert procedures. Also, a methodology for feedback of the resultant toxicity data to water environment management has not been established yet. To this end, we developed a novel bioassay based on the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake activity of human hepatoblastoma cells. The assay enabled us to directly detect the toxicity of environmental waters within 4 hours of exposure. This is a significantly quick and easy procedure as compared to that of conventional bioassays. The toxicity data for 255 selected chemicals and environmental waters obtained by this method were organized by a mathematical equation in order to make those data much more effectively and practically useful to the management of environmental waters. Our methodology represents a promising example of applying bioassays to monitor environmental water quality and generating potential solutions to the toxicity problems encountered.

scholarly journals Unfolding Water Quality Status During COVID-19 Lockdown for the Highly Polluted Santiago River in Jalisco, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurusamy Kutralam-Muniasamy ◽  
Fermín Pérez-Guevara ◽  
Ignacio Elizalde Martinez ◽  
Shruti Venkata Chari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
The Government ◽  
Temporary Closure

Abstract The Santiago River is one of Mexico's most polluted waterways and evaluating its surface water quality during the COVID-19 outbreak is critical to assessing the changes and improvements, if any, from the nationwide lockdown (April-May 2020). Hence, the data for 12 water quality parameters from 13 sampling stations during April-May 2020 (lockdown) were compared with the levels for the same period of 2019 (pre-lockdown) and with the same interval of previous eleven-years (2009-2019). The values of BOD (14%), COD (29%), TSS (7%), f. coli (31%), t. coli (14%) and Pb (20%) declined, while pH, EC, turbidity, total nitrogen and As enhanced by 0.3-21% during the lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period suggesting decrements of organic load in the river due to the temporary closure of industrial and commercial activities. An eleven-year comparison estimated the reduction of pH, TSS, COD, total nitrogen and Pb by 1-38%. The analysis of water quality index estimates showed short-term improvements of river water quality in the lockdown period, compared to pre-lockdown and eleven-year trend as well as indicated very poor quality of the river. The contamination sources identified by factor analysis were mainly related to untreated domestic sewage, industrial wastewaters and agriculture effluents influencing the river water quality. Overall, our findings demonstrated positive responses of COVID-19 imposed lockdown on water quality of the Santiago River during the study period, providing a foundation for the government policy makers to identify the sources of pollution, to better design environmental policies and plans for water quality improvements.

Evaluation of Water Quality of Hemren Lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
SAAD SH. SAMMEN
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Weighted Arithmetic ◽  
Canadian Council ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

In this study Water Quality Index (WQI) was applied in Hemren Lake, Diyala province, Iraq using ten water quality parameters (pH, Electrical Conductivity, Hardness, Total Dissolve Soluble, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Chloride, Phosphate) from 2008 to 2010 to evaluate the suitability of Hemren Lake ecosystem for drinking and irrigation uses. The Weighted Arithmetic Index method (WAM) and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index methodology (The CWQI 1.0 model) were used to calculate the water quality index (W.Q.I). The results indicated that drinking water quality of Hemren Lake is good and marginal for the study period according to (WAM) and (CCME) respectively, while the irrigation water quality is good and according to (WAM) and (CCME). It is suggested that monitoring of the lake is necessary for proper management. Application of the WQI is also suggested as a very helpful tool that enables the public and decision makers to evaluate water quality of lakes in Iraq.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Rainwater Harvesting and Consumption in a Middle Eastern Semiarid Urban Area

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2130
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ranaee ◽  
Ali Akbar Abbasi ◽  
Javad Tabatabaee Yazdi ◽  
Maryam Ziyaee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Soft Water ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
And Storage

Recent developments of Middle Eastern metropolitans, and the related soaring trend of population increase, is contemporary with the impacts of climate changes. This applies extra pressures to the centralized large-scale water treatment and distribution systems. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) for domestic urban activities can be a sustainable option of adapting with the rising demand of soft water in such an arid/semiarid area. A pilot system of rainwater draining and storage was constructed for alleviating parts of soft water scarcity in Mashhad, the second most populous city of Iran. Measurements were collected for two years at the drainage basin outlet and inside of a storage tank, which has been equipped for water harvesting purposes. We performed some preliminary stochastic analysis and evaluated probabilistic properties of the collected dataset, aiming to explain them with respect to the physical characteristics of the RWH system. Data clustering analysis confirmed that the quality of the water may change during rainwater draining and storage in the RWH tank. Particularly, sodium content of the sampled water in the drainage catchment illustrated higher variations, compared with the ones evaluated for the stored water in the reservoir tank. This can confirm that the quality of the stored water in the RWH reservoir is more stable than that obtained for each separate rainfall–runoff event. We assessed the potential of the harvested water in different consumption contexts, in light of some national and international water quality (physicochemical, biological, and toxic pollutants) guidelines. We relied on water quality indices (WQI) to interpret multiparametric properties of the collected rainwater from urban surfaces; consequently, the quality of the harvested water was categorized with moderate to almost good attributes. This makes it well suited for irrigation uses, which can play a relevant role against water shortages in the analyzed semiarid urban region. Otherwise, infiltration and treatments need to be performed if using harvested water for drinking consumptions (of human or livestock), some of which may be costly for local owners/uses. We provide some suggestions for improving efficiency of the system and enhancing the quality of the harvesting water.

Seasonal changes and spatial variation in the water quality of a eutrophic tropical reservoir determined by the inflowing river

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gerson Araújo ◽  
Márcia Cristina Costa de Azevedo ◽  
Maria das Neves Lima Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Tropical Reservoir

Development of a basin management program to improve water quality in rivers based on an environmental water quality predictive model

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2009-2020
Author(s):  
G. Calvo-Brenes ◽  
J. Mora-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Osa Peninsula ◽  
Crop Cultivation

Abstract This research has the aim of establishing the amount of land that the Conservation Area National System (SINAC) needs to buy and specifying its use inside the Golfo Dulce Forest Reserve in order to maintain the good quality of the rivers. The study was done inside Rincon sub-basin in the Osa Peninsula, a land dedicated to primary and secondary forest (Melina tree plantations), mangrove forest, urbanism, chaparral, pasture for grazing livestock and crop cultivation, mainly rice and African palm; uses that may change in time affecting the actual water quality (WQ) in rivers and the bay. Changes in land uses modify the WQ and it can be predicted using WQ models based on environmental variables through the evaluation of different scenarios. It was found through modeling that pasture or chaparral land use has no negative impact on WQ; all the contrary happens with increments in crop cultivation or human population. At the present, the coastal area, adjacent to the reserve, has low agricultural activity but that could increase over time, affecting the WQ. Therefore, SINAC should continue with its acquisition land activity to counteract the negative environmental effect of agricultural activity to preserve the actual good quality of the rivers.

Study on In Situ Purification Technology for Improving Water Quality of Reservoir Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 227-230
Author(s):  
Hua Dong Zhang ◽  
Yan Zhen Yu ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Juan Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Population Structures

In-situ purification technology is used to improve the water quality of reservoir water, which uses the biofilm formed by enrichment microbes gathering on carrier system to purify water. Results indicate that total nitrogen and algae can be effectively removed, and the average removal rate of total nitrogen and the chlorophyll a is 18.1% and 25% respectively. The result of PCR-DGGE indicates that compared with the biological community in raw water, the biofilm on ecological carriers exhibit a more diverse population structure. Fluorescent pseudomonad which can effectively remove nitrogen and pseudomonas aeruginosa which can dissolve algae have formed stable microbial population structures in the in- situ purification area.

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