scholarly journals Effect of Natural Organic Matter on the Ozonation Mechanism of Trimethoprim in Water

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2935
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Beihai Zhou ◽  
Rongfang Yuan ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Huilun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Ozonation Time ◽  
Direct Hydroxylation ◽  
Fluorescence Peak

Trimethoprim (TMP) is often used for the treatment of various bacterial infections. It can be detected in water, and it is difficult to be biodegraded. In this study, the degradation mechanism of TMP through ozonation and the effect of humic acids (HA) were investigated. Excessive ozone (pH 6, 0 °C) could reduce the content of TMP to less than 1% in 30 s. However, when ozone (O3) was not excessive (pH 6, 20 °C), the removal efficiency of TMP increased with the increase of O3 concentration. Four possible degradation pathways of TMP in the process of ozonation were speculated: hydroxylation, demethylation, carbonylation, and cleavage. The presence of HA in water inhibit the generation of ozonation products of TMP. The excitation-emission matrices (EEM) analysis showed that with the extension of ozonation time, the fluorescence value in the solution decreased and the fluorescence peak blue shifted. These results indicated that the structure of HA changed in the reaction and was competitively degraded with TMP. According to the free radical quenching test, the products of pyrolysis, direct hydroxylation and demethylation were mainly produced by indirect oxidation.

scholarly journals REMOVAL OF NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION AS A FIRST STEP FOR DESALINATION OF BRACKISH WATER

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Wasinton Simanjuntak ◽  
Irwan Ginting ◽  
Kamisah D. Pandiangan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Treatment Efficiency

In the present study, electrocoagulation method was employed to remove natural organic matter from brackish water. This study explores the potential of brackish water as a source of potable water. Two electrochemical variables, potential and contact time, were tested to determine their effect on the treatment efficiency defined in terms of the reduction of the absorbance at the wavelength of 254 nm (A254). Both potential and contact time were found to influence the removal efficiency of the method, and the best result was obtained from the experiment using the potential of 8 V and contact time of 60 min, resulting in 69.5% reduction of the absorbance. Very clean treated water was produced with much lower conductivity (12.06 mS/cm) as compared to that obtained for the sea water sample from a location near to the sampling site (133.9 mS/cm).

Combination of nano TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation with microfiltration (MF) for natural organic matter removal

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Bai ◽  
Xiwang Zhang ◽  
Jiahong Pan ◽  
Darren D Sun ◽  
Jiahui Shao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Membrane Surfaces ◽  
Cake Layer

TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation was combined with microfiltration (MF) (PCOMF) to remove humic acid (HA) in waters through investigating the flux performance, TOC, UV254 and UV436 removal efficiency, the fouled membrane surfaces by SEM. The results demonstrated that the combined PCOMF process showed a high removal efficiency of UV254 and UV436 of HA (close to 100%). The removal efficiency of TOC was about 84.34% indicating that most of HA was mineralized into water and carbon. The SEM images witnessed that the fouling on the membrane surfaces contaminated by PCO effluents after UV254 and UV365 light irradiation was mainly attributed to cake layer, which was reversible due to the increase of aggregated particles size consisting of HA and TiO2. Eventually, the combined PCOMF process displayed an improved effect on HA removal and fouling control to a certain level.

scholarly journals Fixed Bed Adsorption of Natural Organic Matter Using Ozonated Carbon Active

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Adi Kurniawan ◽  
Dian Listiyani ◽  
Jono Suhartono ◽  
Suparman Juhanda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Fixed Bed Adsorption ◽  
Ozonation Time

Nowadays water, one the most important substance in human life, are being much polluted by not only industrial activities but also caused by human activities and natural polluted material. One of the natural impurities that commonly occur in water is Natural Organic Matter (NOM). NOM are extracted organic compounds from soils, plants, or decomposed animals that infiltrate into the water body when the water contacts with those materials. Thus, the presence of NOM in water body is inevitable. Many techniques have been applied to remove this impurity such as coagulation, flocculation, and filtration. In this research, NOM were controlled using ozonated activated carbon in a fixed bed adsorption system. There were two parameters studied that are activated carbon ozonation time that ranging from 5 - 25 minutes and the fixed bed height of 1 - 7.5 cm. Interestingly, the investigation showed that the optimum condition for the bed height was obtained at 6 cm whilst the optimum carbon active ozonation time was at 5 minute. The experiment was concordant with the conducted BET analysis that showed the highest activated carbon surface area at 5 minute compared to other ozonation time. The ozonated activated carbon was also found to be have slightly better adsorption performance compared to unozonated activated carbon bought from the market with capacity of ozonated activated carbon adsorption was found to be 6.12 ϰ 10-3 mg/g.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Natural Organic Matter and Phosphorus from Surface Water Using Heated Aluminum Oxide (Predeposited) Dynamic Membrane Adsorber

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7384
Author(s):  
Beata Malczewska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Membrane Adsorber

The paper reports the removal of phosphorus and natural organic matter (NOM) from surface water by dynamic membrane (DM) adsorber. DM filter builds up as a layer of particles deposited via permeation through the membrane’s surface. This study reports the application of Heated Aluminium Oxide Particles (HAOPs) as a dynamic membrane adsorber. Filtration experiments were conducted with surface water and batch tests were carried out with synthetic water. The efficiency of phosphorus removal along with the efficiency of organics (represented as UV-254) removal was evaluated. Additionally, the impact of HAOPs surface loading on the changes of transmembrane pressure (TMP), the kinetics, isotherm modeling of the adsorption and the effect of the pH, the effect of ionic strength, the effect of coexisting organic matter on phosphorus removal efficiency were studied. In the case of phosphorus removal in batch adsorption experiments, its sorption kinetic and isotherm data were analyzed using pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models and Langmuir and Freundlich models, respectively. The results indicated that Langmuir adsorption isotherm fits the experimental data best (0.9894). The kinetics of phosphorus adsorption on HAOPs was best described by the pseudo-second-order model and the best removal was achieved at the pH 6–7 (96.65% on average). An increase in ionic strength did not impact the efficiency of phosphorus removal significantly. The outcome of this study highlights HAOPs efficiency in NOM removal up to 92% in filtration experiments. In the case of phosphorous, removal efficiency varied. For the highest HAOPs dose, the degree of phosphorus removal ranged up to 93 ± 5%. The same removal efficiency was observed for the lowest dose while for 17 g/m2 of HAOPs the fluctuations were larger and varied from 64.7% to 92%. The results demonstrate that HAOPs could potentially be applied in the removal of phosphorus from surface water, especially when there is a high concentration of phosphorus in the water. However, this process requires further research and optimization of its parameters.

Characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from soils by hot water percolation (HWP)

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takács ◽  
Gy. Füleky
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Water Percolation ◽  
Soil Humic Acid

The Hot Water Percolation (HWP) technique for preparing soil extracts has several advantages: it is easily carried out, fast, and several parameters can be measured from the same solution. The object of this study was to examine the possible use of HWP extracts for the characterization of soil organic matter. The HPLC-SEC chromatograms, UV-VIS and fluorescence properties of the HWP extracts were studied and the results were compared with those of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) Soil Humic Acid (HA), IHSS Soil Fulvic Acid (FA) and IHSS Suwannee Natural Organic Matter (NOM) standards as well as their HA counterparts isolated by traditional extraction methods from the original soil samples. The DOM of the HWP solution is probably a mixture of organic materials, which have some characteristics similar to the Soil FA fractions and NOM. The HWP extracted organic material can be studied and characterized using simple techniques, like UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy.

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