scholarly journals Effect of Drip Irrigation on Soil Water Balance and Water Use Efficiency of Maize in Northwest China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Yahui Wang ◽  
Sien Li ◽  
Yaokui Cui ◽  
Shujing Qin ◽  
Hui Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Saving Effect

Drip irrigation (DI) has been widely utilized for crops and its water-saving effect has been confirmed by numerous studies. However, whether this technology can save so much water under the field scale during practical application is still uncertain. In order to answer this question, evapotranspiration (ET), soil water content, transpiration and evaporation over the DI and border irrigation (BI) in an arid area of NW China were continuously measured by two eddy covariance systems, micro-lysimeters, the packaged stem sap flow gauges and CS616 sensors during 2014–2018 growing seasons. The results showed that the DI averagely increased crop water use efficiency (CWUE) by 11% per year against BI. The deep drainage under DI treatment was lower than BI by 8% averagely for the five-year period. While for the ET, the DI averagely decreased ET by 7% and 40mm per year against the traditional BI. The decrease in ET was mainly due to the significant reduction in soil evaporation instead of transpiration. Oppositely, we found that DI may increase maize (Zea mays L.) transpiration in some year for the better preponderant growth of crop. Thus, the accelerating effect on transpiration of DI and its reducing effect on soil evaporation should be considered simultaneously. In our experiment, DI only improved CWUE and WUE (water use efficiency) by 11% and 15% on average in a large farmland scale, unable to always be more than a 20% improvement, as concluded by many other field experiments. Consequently, the water-saving effect of DI should not be overestimated in water resource evaluation.

Effect of New Irrigation Technology on the Physiology and Water Use Efficiency of Potato by Reclaimed Water Irrigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3035-3039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Bin Qi ◽  
Zong Dong Huang ◽  
Dong Mei Qiao ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Zhi Juan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Agriculture is a big consumer of fresh water in competition with other sectors of the society. The agricultural sector continues to have a negative impact on the ecological status of the environment. The worlds interest in high quality food is increasing. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of subsurface drip irrigation on physiological responses, yield and water use efficiency, Soil nitrogen, Root weight density of potato in the semi-humid region of middle China using subsurface drip irrigation. The experiment used second-stage treated wastewater with and without addition of chloride, and both subsurface drip and furrow irrigations were investigated. Results indicated that the alternate partial root-zone irrigation is a practicable water-saving strategy for potato. The drip with chlorinated and non-chlorinated water improved water use efficiency by 21.48% and 39.1%, respectively, and 44.1% in the furrow irrigation. Partial root zone drying irrigation stimulates potato root growth and enhances root density. The content of the heavy metal in the potato tubers is no more than the National Food Requirements, and it is consistent with National Food Hygiene Stands.

scholarly journals Test of a microlysimeter for measurement of soil evaporation

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilton L. Flumignan ◽  
Rogério T. de Faria ◽  
Bruno P. Lena
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Inner Diameter

Quantifying soil evaporation is required on studies of soil water balance and applications aiming to improve water use efficiency by crops. The performance of a microlysimeter (ML) to measure soil evaporation under irrigation and non-irrigation was evaluated. The MLs were constructed using PVC tubes, with dimensions of 100 mm inner diameter, 150 mm depth and 2.5 mm wall thickness. Four MLs were uniformly distributed on the soil surface of two weighing lysimeters conducted under bare soil, previously installed at Iapar, in Londrina, PR, Brazil. The lysimeters had 1.4 m width, 1.9 m length and 1.3 m depth and were conducted with and without irrigation. Evaporation measurements by MLs (E ML) were compared with measurements by lysimeters (E L) during four different periods in the year. Differences between E ML and E L were small either for low or high atmospheric demand and also for either irrigated or non-irrigated conditions, which indicates that the ML tested here is suitable for measurement of soil evaporation.

scholarly journals Yield, water use and water use efficiency of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] under drip fertigation system

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vimalendran ◽  
K. R. Latha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Drip Fertigation

Field experiments were carried out during two seasons (August-February) of 2011-12 and 2012-13 at Millet Breeding Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, to study the effect of drip fertigation on productivity, water use and water use efficiency of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) cv. LRG 41. The treatments included three irrigation regimes (50 %, 75 %, 100 % computed water requirement of crop) and surface irrigation along with three fertilizer levels with water soluble fertilizer (WSF) and conventional fertilizers (CF). The treatments were laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results revealed that drip irrigation at 100 % WRc with fertigation at 125 % RDF through WSF registered significantly highest grain yield of 2812 and 2586 kg ha-1 during 2011-12 and 2012-13, respectively. Surface irrigation with conventional method of fertilizer application recorded lower water use efficiency of 3.70 and 3.38 kg ha-1 mm-1 whereas it was reverse with drip irrigation of 100 % WRc + 125 % RDF through WSF with a WUE of 6.97 kg ha-1 mm-1 during 2011-12 and during second season (2012-13), the highest WUE of 6.72 kg ha-1 mm-1 was recorded in drip irrigation at 50 % WRc along with fertigation at 125 % RDF through WSF. The increase in grain yield with drip irrigation at 100 % WRc + fertigation with 125 % RDF through WSF was mainly attributed by greater and consistent availability of soil moisture and nutrients which resulted in better crop growth, yield components and ultimately reflected on water use efficiency and yield of pigeonpea Cajanus cajan.

scholarly journals Performance Comparison of Experimental IoT Based Drip and Fibrous Capillary Irrigation Systems in The Cultivation of Cantaloupe Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun Emmanuel Abioye ◽  
Mohammad Shukri Zainal Abidin ◽  
Mohd Saiful Azimi Mahmud ◽  
Salinda Buyamin ◽  
Mohamad Hafis Izran Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Cultivation Experiment

The demand for freshwater and food is on the increase due to the rapid growth in the world’s population, while the effect of global warming and climate change poses a severe threat on water use and food security. Conventional irrigation system suffers due to an inefficient management of water and energy, while insufficient supply of water to plant increases their stress which often affects its growth and development. Hence, there is a need to increase research focus on water use efficiency in irrigation agriculture. This paper is aimed at investigating the performance of smart drip and subsurface fibrous capillary irrigation experiment for the cultivation of cantaloupe plant to increase the yield and quality of fruit while decreasing the water and energy usage. To achieve enhancement of subsurface fibrous capillary and drip irrigation system, an Internet of Things (IoT) approach was used to improve monitoring of soil, weather, plant and control of water application. The performance comparisons of both methods was evaluated in terms of water-saving in greenhouse cultivation experiment. The results obtained, shows that the smart fibrous capillary irrigation has water use efficiency of 19 g/Litre with average fruit sweetness of13.5 Brix. While, drip irrigation has 4.85 g/Litre and average sweetness of 10 Brix on the harvested fruit after 90 days of cantaloupe plant cultivation experiment. These have shown that precision irrigation through enhanced smart fibrous capillary irrigation can be used to achieve high water-saving and a good quality yield. It is expected that the research output will help to improve water-saving agriculture towards achieving food security.Keywords: Water Saving; Capillary Irrigation; Drip Irrigation; Internet of Things; Water Use Efficiency

Comparative effects of two water-saving irrigation techniques on soil water status, yield, and water use efficiency in potato

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek K. Zin El-Abedin ◽  
Mohamed A. Mattar ◽  
A.A. Alazba ◽  
Hussein M. Al-Ghobari
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Soil Water Status ◽  
Use Efficiency

Effects of Re-Used Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Moisture and Water Use Efficiency in Hetao Area, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 1725-1729
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Shi ◽  
Jing Hui Liu ◽  
Li Xin Jia ◽  
Bao Ping Zhao ◽  
Li Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Plastic Film Mulching ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Film Mulching

Aiming at reducing agricultural pollution caused by plastic film and increasing soil moisture and water use efficiency (WUE), the field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of re-used plastic film mulching on soil moisture, sunflower’s yield and water use efficiency by compared with new plastic film mulching and bare field in Hetao area, China. The results showed that, soil water of re-used film mulching increased at different degree. Compared with bare field and new film mulching, soi1 moisture of re-used film were higher significantly 1.5 percentage points in 0-100 cm, and especially 1.9 or 2.6 percentage points in 0-10 cm during sunflower’s growth stage. Soil water of re-used film was more than that of bare field 24.8 mm (in 2010) and 33.0 mm (in 2011) before seeding, and 21.6mm (in 2010) and 24.5mm (in 2011) at harvest when soil water was replenished to same level for each treatment before sowing. Meanwhile, the grain yield of re-used film was higher significantly than that of bare field 11.4% (in 2010) and 16.8% (in 2011), and WUE of re-used film was higher significantly 15.7% (in 2010) and 22.7% (in 2011) respectively, no significant with new film. So it was worth to apply re-used film to agriculture production for improving the soil moisture, enhancing water use efficiency and increasing the yield of sunflower. We suggest that the application of re-used film mulching is a suitable soil management practice for increase water and WUE in Hetao area or other areas with similar conditions.

scholarly journals Response of Two Potato Varieties to Irrigation Methods in the Dry Mediterranean Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mubarak ◽  
Mussaddak Janat ◽  
Mohsen Makhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sprinkle Irrigation

Abstract Due to water scarcity and dry Mediterranean conditions, improving water use efficiency is a major challenge for sustainable crop production and environment protection. Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2010 and 2011) to assess the effects of variety and irrigation method on potato crop, following a 2 × 4 factorial experiment type arranged in a split plot design with two spring potato varieties (Spunta and Marfona), and four irrigation methods (drip irrigation with two modes of dripper spacing/dripper flow: 30 cm at 4 l/h and 60 cm at 8 l/h, sprinkle irrigation, and furrow irrigation), with three replicates. Potato was irrigated when soil moisture in the active root depth was within the range of 75-80% of field capacity as determined by the neutron probe technique. Results did not show any differences between both varieties. Moreover, no differences in marketable yield, total dry matter, and harvest index were found between irrigation methods. However, results showed that sprinkle irrigation significantly enhanced nitrogen use efficiency. Furthermore, both water productivity and irrigation water use efficiency were significantly increased under drip irrigation compared with the other irrigation methods. They were about twice those under furrow irrigation, indicating that the employment of drip irrigation method can effectively address water shortage and sustainable potato production, in the dry Mediterranean region.

scholarly journals Standardization of Spacing and Soil Volume Wetting for Drip Irrigationin Papaya (Carica papaya L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Manjunath B L ◽  
Nair A K ◽  
Laxman R H
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Volume ◽  
Horticultural Research

Field experiments in two crops of papaya were conducted at ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research for four years during 2016-19 to standardise spacing with optimum soil volume wetting for drip irrigation. Narrowing the plant rows drastically reduced the plant height while leaf production affected significantly due to reduction in intra row spacing. The height at first fruiting was significantly lower with a spacing of 1.8 m x 1.5 m (56.4 cm) significantly differing from both 1.5 m x 1.5 m (60.9 cm) or 1.8 m x 1.8 m (66.8 cm). Significantly higher mean fruit yield (42.2 t/ha) was recorded with the spacing of 1.5 m x 1.5m as compared to either 1.8m x 1.5m (23.4 t/ha) or 1.8m x 1.8m (22.1 t/ha). Significantly higher water use efficiency (71.3 kg/ha.mm) was recorded in papaya by following closer spacing of 1.5 m x 1.5 m. Among the interactions, higher papaya yield (48.0 t/ha) was recorded with normal drip irrigation (80% soil volume wetting) under closer spacing (1.5 m. x 1.5 m). Further, higher water use efficiency (129 kg/ha. mm) could be obtained by scheduling the irrigation at 30% soil volume wetting especially by planting at 1.5 m. x 1.5 m. spacing suggesting its suitability for water scarcity areas.

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