Effects of lateral spacing for drip irrigation and mulching on the distributions of soil water and nitrate, maize yield, and water use efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 190-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifeng Zhou ◽  
Jianqiang He ◽  
Zhijuan Qi ◽  
Miles Dyck ◽  
Yufeng Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

Effects of zinc fertilizer on maize yield and water-use efficiency under different soil water conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 107718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Minfei Yan ◽  
Hongbing Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Ren ◽  
Kadambot HM Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water Conditions

Mulching materials improve soil properties and maize growth in the Northwestern Loess Plateau, China

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Li ◽  
Xianqing Hou ◽  
Zhikuan Jia ◽  
Qingfang Han
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Film ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Polyethylene Film ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water deficiency is the main limiting factor for crop growth in rain-fed areas. Mulching can affect the soil microclimate (soil water and temperature) and influence the grain yield of crops. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different mulching materials on soil temperature, soil water, crop growth and yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) in spring maize (Zea mays L.) between 2009 and 2011 in Heyang County, Shaanxi, China. The field experiment used five mulch treatments: polyethylene film (PM), biodegradable polymer film (BM), maize straw (MM), liquid membrane (LM), and an uncovered control (CK). In the early stage of maize growth, the topsoil temperatures (0–10cm) in the PM and BM treatments were significantly (P<0.05) higher than CK, whereas the soil temperature in the MM treatment was significantly (P<0.05) lower than CK. The PM, BM, and MM treatments also significantly increased soil water during the early growth stage. However, soil water (0–200cm) in the PM and BM treatments was lower than in the CK treatment during the middle and later growth stages. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in soil temperature or soil water in the LM treatment during the entire growing season. Maize yield increased significantly (P<0.05) in both the PM and BM treatments by 26.1% and 27.5% during the experimental period compared to the CK treatment. Water use efficiency also significantly increased in these two treatments by 25.1% and 27.6%. These results show that both PM and BM had significant effects on soil temperature, water conservation and maize yield, but no significant (P>0.05) differences were observed between these two treatments. Biodegradable polymer film is useful in reducing environmental pollution caused by polyethylene film and could potentially replace polyethylene film during agricultural production in the Northwestern Loess Plateau, China.

Effects of rainfall harvesting and mulching technologies on soil water, temperature, and maize yield in Loess Plateau region of China

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Li ◽  
Xianqing Hou ◽  
Zhikuan Jia ◽  
Qingfang Han ◽  
Baoping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Use Efficiency

Precipitation is the major factor limiting crop growth in the semi-arid Loess Plateau region of China. Ridge-and-furrow rainfall harvesting systems (RFRHS) with mulches are used to increase water availability to crops, thereby improving and stabilising agricultural production in the semi-arid region of China. We conducted a field experiment from 2007 to 2010 in the Weibei Highlands of China, to determine the influence of RFRHS with different mulching patterns on soil water content, temperature, water-use efficiency, and maize yield (Zea mays L.). Ridges were covered with standard plastic film in all RFRHS treatments, while different furrow treatments were mulched with standard plastic film (PP), biodegradable film (PB), maize straw (PS), or liquid film (PL), or left uncovered (P). A conventional flat treatment without mulching was used as the control. In the early stage of maize growth, the topsoil temperature (5–20 cm) under PP and PB was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than under the control, whereas the soil temperature under PS was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than under the control. Treatments PP, PB, and PS also significantly improved soil water content during early growth stages. There was no significant difference in soil water content between PS and the control during middle and late growth stages. However, the soil water content in the deep soil layers with PP and PB was less than that of the control. Soil temperature and soil water content of PL and P were slightly higher than the control during the whole growing season. Higher maize yield and water-use efficiency was found with PP, PB, and PS. Compared with the control, the 4-year average maize yield with PP, PB, and PS was significantly (P < 0.05) increased, by 35, 35, and 34%, while the average water-use efficiency increased by 30, 31, and 29%, respectively. Net income was highest with PS, followed by PB, where the 4-year average net income increased by 2779 and 2752 Chinese yuan (CNY) ha–1, respectively, compared with the control. Soil water and temperature conditions were improved, while the maize yield and net income were increased, when ridges were covered with standard plastic film and the furrows were mulched with either biodegradable film or straw. Therefore, these two treatments are considered most efficient for maize production in the drought-prone, semi-humid region of the Loess Plateau, China.

scholarly journals Adapting Root Distribution and Improving Water Use Efficiency via Drip Irrigation in a Jujube (Zizyphus jujube Mill.) Orchard after Long-Term Flood Irrigation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Li ◽  
Rui Zong ◽  
Tianyu Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Jinzhu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Jujube tree yields in dryland saline soils are restricted by water shortages and soil salinity. Converting traditional flood irrigation to drip irrigation would solve water deficit and salt stress. The root distribution reacts primarily to the availability of water and nutrients. However, there is little information about the response of jujube roots to the change from flood irrigation to drip irrigation. In this context, a two–year experiment was carried out to reveal the effects of the change from long–term flood irrigation to drip irrigation on soil water, root distribution, fruit yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of jujube trees. In this study, drip irrigation amounts were designed with three levels, i.e., 880 mm (W1), 660 mm (W2), 440 mm (W3), and the flood irrigation of 1100 mm was designed as the control (CK). The results showed that replacing flood irrigation with drip irrigation significantly altered soil water distribution and increased soil moisture in the topsoil (0–40 cm). In the drip irrigation treatments with high levels, soil water storage in the 0–60 cm soil layer at the flowering and fruit setting, and fruit swelling stages of jujube trees increased significantly compared with the flood irrigation. After two consecutive years of drip irrigation, the treatments with higher irrigation levels increased root length density (RLD) in 0–60 cm soil depth but decreased that in the 60–100 cm depth. In the horizontal direction, higher irrigation levels increased RLD in the distance of 0–50 cm, while reducing RLD in the distance of 50–100 cm. However, the opposite conclusion was obtained in W3 treatment. Additionally, in the second year of drip irrigation, W2 treatment (660 mm) significantly improved yield and WUE, with an increasing of 7.6% for yield and 60.3% for WUE compared to the flood irrigation. In summary, converting flood irrigation to drip irrigation is useful in regulating root distribution and improving WUE, which would be a promising method in jujube cultivation in arid regions.

scholarly journals Productivity of jambu (Acmella oleracea) using different soil water tensions and nitrogen rates under greenhouse condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Lee Carrera de Aviz ◽  
Joaquim Alves de Lima Junior ◽  
André Luiz Pereira da Silva ◽  
Rafaelle Fazzi Gomes ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio Rodrigues de Melo Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Tension ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. is a native Amazon vegetable, known as jambu, which is widely used in regional cuisine and has aroused the interest of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic market. Thereby, this work aimed to study the effect of different soil water tensions and nitrogen rates on Jambu cultivation in the State of Pará. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 30 days in 2016 testing Jamburana cultivar in a 10 × 10 cm spacing in the experiment. The experimental design was based on randomized blocks in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with three replications. The treatments consisted of four soil water tensions (12, 18, 24 and 30 kPa) adjusted using drip irrigation, and four doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-¹) of nitrogen. The analyzed variables were fresh mass, plant height, productivity and water use efficiency. There was no interaction between soil water tensions factors and nitrogen rates for all variables. The results showed that the best water tension in the soil and nitrogen dose that provided better development and productivity of jambu were 18 kPa and 79 kg ha-¹, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Drip Irrigation on Soil Water Balance and Water Use Efficiency of Maize in Northwest China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Yahui Wang ◽  
Sien Li ◽  
Yaokui Cui ◽  
Shujing Qin ◽  
Hui Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Saving Effect

Drip irrigation (DI) has been widely utilized for crops and its water-saving effect has been confirmed by numerous studies. However, whether this technology can save so much water under the field scale during practical application is still uncertain. In order to answer this question, evapotranspiration (ET), soil water content, transpiration and evaporation over the DI and border irrigation (BI) in an arid area of NW China were continuously measured by two eddy covariance systems, micro-lysimeters, the packaged stem sap flow gauges and CS616 sensors during 2014–2018 growing seasons. The results showed that the DI averagely increased crop water use efficiency (CWUE) by 11% per year against BI. The deep drainage under DI treatment was lower than BI by 8% averagely for the five-year period. While for the ET, the DI averagely decreased ET by 7% and 40mm per year against the traditional BI. The decrease in ET was mainly due to the significant reduction in soil evaporation instead of transpiration. Oppositely, we found that DI may increase maize (Zea mays L.) transpiration in some year for the better preponderant growth of crop. Thus, the accelerating effect on transpiration of DI and its reducing effect on soil evaporation should be considered simultaneously. In our experiment, DI only improved CWUE and WUE (water use efficiency) by 11% and 15% on average in a large farmland scale, unable to always be more than a 20% improvement, as concluded by many other field experiments. Consequently, the water-saving effect of DI should not be overestimated in water resource evaluation.

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