scholarly journals Landscape, Soil, Lithology, Climate and Permafrost Control on Dissolved Carbon, Major and Trace Elements in the Ob River, Western Siberia

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3189
Author(s):  
Iurii Kolesnichenko ◽  
Larisa G. Kolesnichenko ◽  
Sergey N. Vorobyev ◽  
Liudmila S. Shirokova ◽  
Igor P. Semiletov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Mobile Elements ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Divalent Metals ◽  
Ob River ◽  
The North ◽  
Forest Coverage

In order to foresee possible changes in the elementary composition of Arctic river waters, complex studies with extensive spatial coverage, including gradients in climate and landscape parameters, are needed. Here, we used the unique position of the Ob River, draining through the vast partially frozen peatlands of the western Siberia Lowland and encompassing a sizable gradient of climate, permafrost, vegetation, soils and Quaternary deposits, to assess a snap-shot (8–23 July 2016) concentration of all major and trace elements in the main stem (~3000 km transect from the Tom River confluence in the south to Salekhard in the north) and its 11 tributaries. During the studied period, corresponding to the end of the spring flood-summer baseflow, there was a systematic decrease, from the south to the north, of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), Specific Conductivity, Ca and some labile trace elements (Mo, W and U). In contrast, Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), Fe, P, divalent metals (Mn, Ni, Cu, Co and Pb) and low mobile trace elements (Y, Nb, REEs, Ti, Zr, Hf and Th) sizably increased their concentration northward. The observed latitudinal pattern in element concentrations can be explained by progressive disconnection of groundwaters from the main river and its tributaries due to a northward increase in the permafrost coverage. A northward increase in bog versus forest coverage and an increase in DOC and Fe export enhanced the mobilization of insoluble, low mobile elements which were present in organo-ferric colloids (1 kDa—0.45 µm), as confirmed by an in-situ dialysis size fractionation procedure. The chemical composition of the sampled mainstream and tributaries demonstrated significant (p < 0.01) control of latitude of the sampling point; permafrost coverage; proportion of bogs, lakes and floodplain coverage and lacustrine and fluvio-glacial Quaternary deposits of the watershed. This impact was mostly pronounced on DOC, Fe, P, divalent metals (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Pb), Rb and low mobile lithogenic trace elements (Al, Ti, Cr, Y, Zr, Nb, REEs, Hf and Th). The pH and concentrations of soluble, highly mobile elements (DIC, SO4, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mo, Sb, W and U) positively correlated with the proportion of forest, loesses, eluvial, eolian, and fluvial Quaternary deposits on the watershed. Consistent with these correlations, a Principal Component Analysis demonstrated two main factors explaining the variability of major and trace element concentration in the Ob River main stem and tributaries. The DOC, Fe, divalent metals and trivalent and tetravalent trace elements were presumably controlled by a northward increase in permafrost, floodplain, bogs, lakes and lacustrine deposits on the watersheds. The DIC and labile alkaline-earth metals, oxyanions (Mo, Sb and W) and U were impacted by southward-dominating forest coverage, loesses and eluvial and fertile soils. Assuming that climate warming in the WSL will lead to a northward shift of the forest and permafrost boundaries, a “substituting space for time” approach predicts a future increase in the concentration of DIC and labile major and trace elements and a decrease of the transport of DOC and low soluble trace metals in the form of colloids in the main stem of the Ob River. Overall, seasonally-resolved transect studies of large riverine systems of western Siberia are needed to assess the hydrochemical response of this environmentally-important territory to on-going climate change.

scholarly journals Landscape, Soil, Lithology, Climate and Permafrost Control on Dissolved Carbon, Major and Trace Elements in the Ob River, Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Kolesnichenko ◽  
Larisa G. Kolesnichenko ◽  
Sergey N. Vorobyev ◽  
Liudmila S. Shirokova ◽  
Igor P. Semiletov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Ob River ◽  
Unknown Factor ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
Riverine Systems

Assuming that climate warming in the WSL will lead to a northward shift of the forest and permafrost boundaries, a &ldquo;substituting space for time&rdquo; approach predicts an increase in concentration of DIC and labile major and trace elements and a decrease of the transport of DOC and low soluble trace metals in the form of colloids in the main stem of the Ob River. However, an unknown factor is the change in hydrochemistry of the largest southern tributary, the Irtysh River, which is impacted by permafrost-free steppe and forest-steppe zone. Overall, seasonally-resolved transect studies of large riverine systems of western Siberia are needed to assess the hydrochemical response of this environmentally-important territory to on-going climate change.

scholarly journals Dissolved organic carbon and major and trace elements in peat porewater of sporadic, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost zones of western Siberia

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3561-3584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Raudina ◽  
Sergey V. Loiko ◽  
Artyom G. Lim ◽  
Ivan V. Krickov ◽  
Liudmila S. Shirokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Latitudinal Transect ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Continuous Permafrost

Abstract. Mobilization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and related trace elements (TEs) from the frozen peat to surface waters in the permafrost zone is expected to enhance under ongoing permafrost thaw and active layer thickness (ALT) deepening in high-latitude regions. The interstitial soil solutions are efficient tracers of ongoing bio-geochemical processes in the critical zone and can help to decipher the intensity of carbon and metals migration from the soil to the rivers and further to the ocean. To this end, we collected, across a 640 km latitudinal transect of the sporadic to continuous permafrost zone of western Siberia peatlands, soil porewaters from 30 cm depth using suction cups and we analyzed DOC, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and 40 major elements and TEs in 0.45 µm filtered fraction of 80 soil porewaters. Despite an expected decrease in the intensity of DOC and TE mobilization from the soil and vegetation litter to the interstitial fluids with the increase in the permafrost coverage and a decrease in the annual temperature and ALT, the DOC and many major and trace elements did not exhibit any distinct decrease in concentration along the latitudinal transect from 62.2 to 67.4° N. The DOC demonstrated a maximum of concentration at 66° N, on the border of the discontinuous/continuous permafrost zone, whereas the DOC concentration in peat soil solutions from the continuous permafrost zone was equal to or higher than that in the sporadic/discontinuous permafrost zone. Moreover, a number of major (Ca, Mg) and trace (Al, Ti, Sr, Ga, rare earth elements (REEs), Zr, Hf, Th) elements exhibited an increasing, not decreasing, northward concentration trend. We hypothesize that the effects of temperature and thickness of the ALT are of secondary importance relative to the leaching capacity of peat, which is in turn controlled by the water saturation of the peat core. The water residence time in peat pores also plays a role in enriching the fluids in some elements: the DOC, V, Cu, Pb, REEs, and Th were a factor of 1.5 to 2.0 higher in mounds relative to hollows. As such, it is possible that the time of reaction between the peat and downward infiltrating waters essentially controls the degree of peat porewater enrichments in DOC and other solutes. A 2° northward shift in the position of the permafrost boundaries may bring about a factor of 1.3 ± 0.2 decrease in Ca, Mg, Sr, Al, Fe, Ti, Mn, Ni, Co, V, Zr, Hf, Th, and REE porewater concentration in continuous and discontinuous permafrost zones, and a possible decrease in DOC, specific ultraviolet absorbency (SUVA), Ca, Mg, Fe, and Sr will not exceed 20 % of their current values. The projected increase in ALT and vegetation density, northward migration of the permafrost boundary, or the change of hydrological regime is unlikely to modify chemical composition of peat porewater fluids larger than their natural variations within different micro-landscapes, i.e., within a factor of 2. The decrease in DOC and metal delivery to small rivers and lakes by peat soil leachate may also decrease the overall export of dissolved components from the continuous permafrost zone to the Arctic Ocean. This challenges the current paradigm on the increase in DOC export from the land to the ocean under climate warming in high latitudes.

scholarly journals Distribution of Yellow Wagtail Forms Motacilla flava – Complex in the North of Western Siberia, Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mikhail G. Golovatin ◽  
Vasiliy A. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Yellow Wagtail ◽  
Forest Tundra ◽  
Ob River ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Taiga Forest ◽  
Shrub Tundra

On the basis of the materials obtained from the studies carried out from 2000 to 2015, we present the data on distribution of the Yellow Wagtail forms in the north of Western Siberia, i.e. within the overlapping boundaries of the ranges of a complex set of several polytypical forms – Motacilla flava sensu lato. Four forms have been identified here: two forms from the group of Western Yellow Wagtails (M. f. thunbergi and M. f. beema & flava) and two forms from the group of Eastern Yellow Wagtails (M. t. plexa and M. t. tschutschensis). Western “black-headed” form M. f. thunbergi is spread in the area of the northern taiga, forest tundra and south shrub tundra within the Ob River basin, while eastern “black-headed” form M. t. plexa is found in the shrubby tundra and further to the east from the Ob River in forest tundra and northern taiga. Western “light headed” wagtails M. f. beema & flava spread as far as 65º05'N along the floodplain of the Ob River. Eastern “light-headed” wagtail M. t. tschutschensis penetrates the Taz peninsula and, through the anthropogenic sites, the north-east coast of the Yamal Peninsula, i.e. the Sabetta area as far as 71º14'N. The entire range of the Yellow Wagtail is characterized by the interchange of zones inhabited by “black-headed” (without the expressed eyebrows on males) and “light-headed” (with notable eyebrows on males or white-headed) forms from the north to the south.

Lateral chemical heterogeneity in the Palaeocene upper mantle beneath the Scottish Hebrides

1980 ◽  
Vol 297 (1431) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Upper Mantle ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
The North ◽  
Incompatible Elements ◽  
Major Element Chemistry ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Incompatible Trace Elements

The early major products of Tertiary volcanicity in both Skye and Mull are transitional basic lavas, similar in their major-element chemistry to world-wide alkali basalt series. In contrast, their contents of incompatible trace elements bear more resemblance to those of olivine tholeiites. The Mull basalts have similar ranges of silica saturation, Mg/(Mg+Fe), Y and Yb, but lower overall abundance ranges of strongly incompatible elements than the Skye basalts. The variation of incompatible elements in the Mull and Skye lavas is consistent with a model of a mantle source from which a small amount of melt (no more than 1 % ?) had been extracted, with the pre-Tertiary upper-mantle fusion beneath Mull slightly greater than beneath Skye. Chemical and tectonic considerations suggest that this mantle was neither residual from the formation of the Archaean Lewisian complex, nor emplaced as a result of tension associated with the Gainozoic rifting of the North Atlantic. Data on major and trace elements for a mafic alkalic dyke of the Permian swarms that pass through western Scotland show that these have the requisite geochemical characteristics to have caused this depletion. Such dykes are more abundant in the region of Mull than Skye.

scholarly journals U-Pb Detrital Zircon Ages and Geochemical Features of the Jingxing Formation, (Qamdo Basin, Tibet: Implications): Inferences for the Metallogenic Model of the East Tethys Evaporite

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Wenhua Han ◽  
Haizhou Ma ◽  
Weixuan Fang ◽  
Huaide Cheng ◽  
Yongshou Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Detrital Zircon ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Active Continental Margin ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
The North ◽  
Detrital Zircon Ages

Qamdo basin is located between the suture zone of Jinsha River (Ailao Mountains) and that of Ban Gong Lake (Nujiang) in the eastern Tethys. Part of the Jingxing Formation is deposited in the southwest of the basin. In this study, two profiles were investigated from the north and south of Qamdo basin. The characteristics of detrital zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age, and the main and trace elements of sandstone were analyzed. The characteristics of major and trace elements showed that the tectonic setting of the study area is mainly composed of a relatively stable active continental margin and a passive continental margin, showing characteristics of a continental island arc. The weathering degree of Jingxing Formation in the Qamdo area is lower than that in the Lanping-Simao area, which may be closer to the origin. The age distribution characteristics of detrital zircon grains indicate that the Qiangtang Block, Youjiang basin, and Yangtze area jointly constitute the provenance of the Qamdo-Lanping-Simao basin. Both basins may be part of a large marine basin with unified water conservancy connection before evaporite deposition. Metamorphic seawater from the Qamdo basin may migrate to the Lanping-Simao basin and even the Khorat basin, where evaporite was deposited.

scholarly journals Mollusks of the family Valvatidae Gray, 1840 (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) of the Taz River basin (Western Siberia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
S. I. Andreeva ◽  
N. I. Andreev ◽  
E. S. Babushkin
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Ob River ◽  
The North ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gastropod Mollusks ◽  
First Time

The fauna of the rivers of the north of Western Siberia that do not belong to the Ob’ River basin is of particular interest from the point of view of zoogeography and understanding of the processes of formation of the freshwater malacofauna. Starting in the taiga zone, these rivers flow north and cannot serve as a way of interzonal dispersal of species from lower latitudes. However, information about the fresh-water malacofauna of these river basins is poorly presented in the scientific literature, some of the published species findings are doubtful or erroneous. The gastropod mollusks of the family Valvatidae of the Taz river basin (Western Siberia) are considered. The basin is located closer to the Yenisei than to the Ob’ River basin. The study was based on original authors’ material represented by both qualitative and quantitative samples. It has been found that eight species of mollusks of the genus Valvata occurs in the water reservoirs and streams of the Taz basin, an annotated list of species is presented, and a brief zoogeographic characteristic is given. Three species (Valvata helicoidea, V. sorensis and V. korotnevi) are for the first time recorded from the basin, one of them (V. korotnevi) is for the first time recorded from the Western Siberia waterbodies.

scholarly journals Testing Landscape, Climate and Lithology Impact on Carbon, Major and Trace Elements of the Lena River and Its Tributaries during a Spring Flood Period

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2093
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Vorobyev ◽  
Yuri Kolesnichenko ◽  
Mikhail A. Korets ◽  
Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
Silicate Rocks

Transport of carbon, major and trace elements by rivers in permafrost-affected regions is one of the key factors in circumpolar aquatic ecosystem response to climate warming and permafrost thaw. A snap-shot study of major and trace element concentration in the Lena River basin during the peak of spring flood revealed a specific group of solutes according to their spatial pattern across the river main stem and tributaries and allowed the establishment of a link to certain landscape parameters. We demonstrate a systematic decrease of labile major and trace anion, alkali and alkaline-earth metal concentration downstream of the main stem of the Lena River, linked to change in dominant rocks from carbonate to silicate, and a northward decreasing influence of the groundwater. In contrast, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and a number of low-soluble elements exhibited an increase in concentration from the SW to the NE part of the river. We tentatively link this to an increase in soil organic carbon stock and silicate rocks in the Lena River watershed in this direction. Among all the landscape parameters, the proportion of sporadic permafrost on the watershed strongly influenced concentrations of soluble highly mobile elements (Cl, B, DIC, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Mo, As and U). Another important factor of element concentration control in the Lena River tributaries was the coverage of the watershed by light (for B, Cl, Na, K, U) and deciduous (for Fe, Ni, Zn, Ge, Rb, Zr, La, Th) needle-leaf forest (pine and larch). Our results also suggest a DOC-enhanced transport of low-soluble trace elements in the NW part of the basin. This part of the basin is dominated by silicate rocks and continuous permafrost, as compared to the carbonate rock-dominated and groundwater-affected SW part of the Lena River basin. Overall, the impact of rock lithology and permafrost on major and trace solutes of the Lena River basin during the peak of spring flood was mostly detected at the scale of the main stem. Such an impact for tributaries was much less pronounced, because of the dominance of surface flow and lower hydrological connectivity with deep groundwater in the latter. Future changes in the river water chemistry linked to climate warming and permafrost thaw at the scale of the whole river basin are likely to stem from changes in the spatial pattern of dominant vegetation as well as the permafrost regime. We argue that comparable studies of large, permafrost-affected rivers during contrasting seasons, including winter baseflow, should allow efficient prediction of future changes in riverine ‘inorganic’ hydrochemistry induced by permafrost thaw.

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