scholarly journals Hybrid Approach for Excess Stormwater Management: Combining Decentralized and Centralized Strategies for the Enhancement of Urban Flooding Resilience

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3635
Author(s):  
Roberta D’Ambrosio ◽  
Antonia Longobardi ◽  
Alessandro Balbo ◽  
Anacleto Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Soil Sealing ◽  
Flooding Risk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Surface Increase

Urban sprawl and soil sealing has gradually led to an impervious surface increase with consequences on the enhancement of flooding risk. During the last decades, a hybrid approach involving both traditional storm water detention tanks (SWDTs) and low-impact development (LID) has resulted in the best solution to manage urban flooding and to improve city resilience. This research aimed at a modeling comparison between drainage scenarios involving the mentioned hybrid approach (H-SM), with (de)centralized LID supporting SWDTs, and a scenario representative of the centralized approach only involving SWDTs (C-SM). Results highlighted that the implementation of H-SM approaches could be a great opportunity to reduce SWDTs volumes. However, the performances varied according to the typology of implemented LID, their parameterization with specific reference to the draining time, and the rainfall severity. Overall, with the increase of rainfall severity and the decrease of draining time, a decrease of retention performances can be observed with SWDTs volume reductions moving from 100% to 28%. In addition, without expecting to implement multicriteria techniques, a preliminary cost analysis pointed out that the larger investment effort of the (de)centralized LID could be, in specific cases, overtaken by the cost advantages resulting from the reduction of the SWDTs volumes.

scholarly journals Urban Sustainability at the Cost of Rural Unsustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5466
Author(s):  
Guangwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Rural Sustainability ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Framework ◽  
Japan And China

Urban sustainability refers to building and maintaining cities that can continue to function without running out of resources. However, growing cities require more land and urban sprawl has transformed surrounding rural areas into urbanized settlements. Furthermore, the prosperity of large cities depends on the supply of both natural and human resources from rural areas, either nearby or remote. On the other hand, the use of resources of rural areas by cities may cause negative externalities to rural areas, affecting their sustainability. Therefore, a critical, but very much neglected issue, is how unban sustainability should be pursued without affecting rural sustainability. In this study, cases in Japan and China were analyzed from resources and population migration perspectives to provide evidence for the possibility that urban sustainability might have been pursued at the cost of rural unsustainability. It was intended to develop a better understanding of urban sustainability through the lens of externalities. Based on the analysis, a new framework for urban sustainability study was proposed, which consists of three new pillars. Namely, externality, vulnerability, and population instability.

Agile framework for capital projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Polly Mahapatra ◽  
Paris Shahriari
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Capital Projects ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Response To Change ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
The Ideal

Under the increased pressure of rapidly changing market conditions and disrupting technologies, continuous improvements in efficiency become indispensable for all oil and gas operators. Traditional project management principles in the oil and gas industry employ rigid methods of planning and execution that can sometimes hinder adaptability and a quick response to change. Considering the potential that Agile principles can offer as a solution, the challenge, therefore, is to identify the ideal, hybrid, approach that leverages Agile while incorporating the traditional linear workflow necessitated by the oil and gas industry. This paper seeks to assess pre-existing literature in the application of the Agile principles in the oil and gas industry with a focus on Major Capital Projects (MCPs), backed by the successes experienced as a result of specific pilot projects completed at Chevron’s Australian Business Unit. In particular, this paper will focus on how agility has resulted in improvements to the cost, schedule, teaming and cohesion of MCPs in the early phases as well as key learnings form the pilot agility projects.

Cost, revenue and profit efficiency analysis of Indian scheduled commercial banks

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megha Mahendru ◽  
Aparna Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Profit Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Output Synchronization ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Cost

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the cost, revenue and profit efficiency performance of Indian scheduled commercial banks. The study also determines differences if any related to efficiency among banks on the basis of ownership pattern. Design/methodology/approach Cost, revenue and profit efficiency of banks is calculated by using the non-parametric approach, namely, data envelopment analysis. Further, the differences in the efficiency scores are examined by applying analysis of variance. Findings Indian scheduled commercial banks have not been able to maintain their input-output synchronization in terms of cost, revenue and profits in the year 2012-2013. Foreign sector banks have higher cost and profit efficiency as compared to their counterparts in private and public sector, whereas public sector banks are found to have been more revenue efficient. Originality/value With specific reference to India, less empirical work has been carried out with respect to cost, revenue and profit efficiency. None of the studies have evaluated the sector-wise performance of banks in terms of all three efficiency parameters.

Urban sprawl, soil sealing and impacts on local climate

2017 ◽  
pp. 193-203
Author(s):  
Luigi Perini ◽  
Andrea Colantoni ◽  
Gianluca Renzi ◽  
Luca Salvati
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Soil Sealing

The Improvement of Pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability Algorithm for FPGA Routing

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 1511-1515
Author(s):  
Yu Lan Tang ◽  
Jian Hui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Boolean Satisfiability ◽  
Search Path ◽  
Geometric Routing ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Cost

A new routing algorithm is proposed for FPGA to improve the increasing transformation cost of pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability algorithm in the routing process, which combined advantages of pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability and geometric routing algorithm. In the routing process, one of geometric routing algorithm-VPR5.0 was chosen firstly for FPGA routing. If not successful, then use pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability algorithm. Technique of static symmetry-breaking is also adding to carry out pretreatment of pseudo-Boolean constraints, detecting and breaking the symmetries in the routing flow. The purpose was to prune search path, and the cost was consequently reduced. Preliminary experiments results show that the hybrid approach can reduce the runtime observably, speed up the solving process, and have no adverse affect on overall program.

scholarly journals Impact of pervious pavement in urban areas on catchment basin recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Cristiano De Assumpção Santos ◽  
Elisandro Pires Frigo ◽  
Késia Damaris de Azevedo Frigo ◽  
Caroline Thaís Eckert ◽  
Jonathan Dieter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Grass Cover ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Porous Concrete ◽  
Soil Sealing

Urbanization and disorderly occupation of urban areas have created several environmental problems, such as floods. Among the main causes of these problems is soil sealing associated with urban sprawl. Impervious surfaces provide less precipitation to recharge catchment basins by diverting water that should be restored in that region to other basins. This study compares two existing paving systems: concrete pavers with permeable joints and porous concrete pavers. Our objective was to learn which system better promotes the recovery of catchment basins and, consequently, mitigate problems caused by increasing surface runoff in urban areas. In order to reach the results, precipitations were simulated using lysimeters and a rainfall simulation infiltrometer at rainfall rates of 45, 60, and 90 mm h-1. The analyzed paving systems represented characteristics of public sidewalks. This experiment indicates that porous concrete pavers (99.86%) and concrete pavers (99.59%) present mean infiltration similar to that of grass cover (100%) and thereby can promote water infiltration into soil and the recovery of catchment basins in urban areas.

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