scholarly journals Application of GIS-Interval Rough AHP Methodology for Flood Hazard Mapping in Urban Areas

Water ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljubomir Gigović ◽  
Dragan Pamučar ◽  
Zoran Bajić ◽  
Siniša Drobnjak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
City Development ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Extreme Flood

Floods are natural disasters with significant socio-economic consequences. Urban areas with uncontrolled urban development, rapid population growth, an unregulated municipal system and an unplanned change of land use belong to the highly sensitive areas where floods cause devastating economic and social losses. The aim of this paper is to present a reliable GIS multi-criteria methodology for hazard zones’ mapping of flood-prone areas in urban areas. The proposed methodology is based on the combined application of geographical information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The methodology considers six factors that are relevant to the hazard of flooding in urban areas: the height, slope, distance to the sewage network, the distance from the water surface, the water table and land use. The expert evaluation takes into account the nature and severity of observed criteria, and it is tested using three scenarios: the modalities of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The first of them uses a new approach to the exploitation of uncertainty in the application of the AHP technique, the interval rough numbers (IR’AHP). The second one uses the fuzzy technique for the exploitation of uncertainty with the AHP method (F’AHP), and the third scenario contemplates the use of the traditional (crisp) AHP method. The proposed methodology is demonstrated in Palilula Municipality, Belgrade, Serbia. In the last few decades, Palilula Municipality has been repeatedly devastated by extreme flood events. These floods severely affected the transportation networks and other infrastructure. Historical flood inundation data have been used in the validation process. The final urban flood hazard map proves a satisfactory agreement between the flood hazard zones and the spatial distribution of historical floods that happened in the last 58 years. The results indicate that the scenario in which the IR’AHP methodology is used provides the highest level of compatibility with historical data on floods. The produced map showed that the areas of very high flood hazard are located on the left Danube River bank. These areas are characterized by lowland morphology, gentle slope, sewage network, expansion of impermeable locations and intense urbanization. The proposed GIS-IR’AHP methodology and the results of this study provide a good basis for developing a system of flood hazard management in urban areas and can be successfully used for spatial city development policy.

Flash flood hazard mapping based on AHP with GIS and satellite information in Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhuonvuoch Koem ◽  
Sarintip Tantanee
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Satellite Information ◽  
Flood Hazard Map ◽  
Hazard Levels

Purpose Cambodia is considered one of the countries that are most vulnerable to adverse effects of climate change, particularly floods and droughts. Kampong Speu Province is a frequent site of calamitous flash floods. Reliable sources of flash flood information and analysis are critical in efforts to minimize the impact of flooding. Unfortunately, Cambodia does not yet have a comprehensive program for flash flood hazard mapping, with many places such as Kampong Speu Province having no such information resources available. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to determine flash flood hazard levels across all of Kampong Speu Province using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographical information system (GIS) with satellite information. Design/methodology/approach The integrated AHP–GIS analysis in this study encompasses ten parameters in the assessment of flash flood hazard levels across the province: rainfall, geology, soil, elevation, slope, stream order, flow direction, distance from drainage, drainage density and land use. The study uses a 10 × 10 pairwise matrix in AHP to compare the relative importance of each parameter and find each parameter’s weight. Finally, a flash flood hazard map is developed displaying all areas of Kampong Speu Province classified into five levels, with Level 5 being the most hazardous. Findings This study reveals that high and very high flash flood hazard levels are identified in the northwest part of Kampong Speu Province, particularly in Aoral, Phnum Srouch and Thpong districts and along Prek Thnot River and streams. Originality/value The flash flood hazard map developed here provides a wealth of information that can be invaluable for implementing effective disaster mitigation, improving disaster preparedness and optimizing land use.

Assessment of flood hazard mapping in urban areas using entropy weighting method: a case study in Hamadan city, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1435-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Sepehri ◽  
Hossein Malekinezhad ◽  
Seyed Zeynalabedin Hosseini ◽  
Ali Reza Ildoromi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Weighting Method

Flood Hazard Assessment of Bago River Basin, Myanmar

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Win Win Zin ◽  
Akiyuki Kawasaki ◽  
Wataru Takeuchi ◽  
Zin Mar Lar Tin San ◽  
Kyaw Zaya Htun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Flood Hazard Assessment ◽  
Structural Measure ◽  
Inundation Map

Flood hazard mapping is an effective non-structural measure for sustainable urban planning, protecting human properties, lives, and disaster risk reduction. In this study, flood hazard assessment for the Bago river basin was performed. The flood inundation map of the Bago river basin was developed by coupling a hydrological and hydraulic model with geographical information systems. Flood hazard maps with different return periods were developed. The flood hazard map can be utilized to enhance the effectiveness of disaster risk management activities.

scholarly journals Assessment of Switchgrass-Based Bioenergy Supply Using GIS-Based Fuzzy Logic and Network Optimization in Missouri (U.S.A.)

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4516
Author(s):  
Huynh Truong Gia Nguyen ◽  
Erik Lyttek ◽  
Pankaj Lal ◽  
Taylor Wieczerak ◽  
Pralhad Burli
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Network Optimization ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Bioenergy has been globally recognized as one of the sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. An assured supply of biomass feedstocks is a crucial bottleneck for the bioenergy industry emanating from uncertainties in land-use changes and future prices. Analytical approaches deriving from geographical information systems (GIS)-based analysis, mathematical modeling, optimization analyses, and empirical techniques have been widely used to evaluate the potential for bioenergy feedstock. In this study, we propose a three-phase methodology integrating fuzzy logic, network optimization, and ecosystem services assessment to estimate potential bioenergy supply. The fuzzy logic analysis uses multiple spatial criteria to identify suitable biomass cultivating regions. We extract spatial information based on favorable conditions and potential constraints, such as developed urban areas and croplands. Further, the network analysis uses the road network and existing biorefineries to evaluate feedstock production locations. Our analysis extends previous studies by incorporating biodiversity and ecologically sensitive areas into the analysis, as well as incorporating ecosystem service benefits as an additional driver for adoption, ensuring that biomass cultivation will minimize the negative consequences of large-scale land-use change. We apply the concept of assessing the potential for switchgrass-based bioenergy in Missouri to the proposed methodology.

scholarly journals Effects of return periods on flood hazard mapping: an analysis of the UFSC Campus Basin, Florianópolis city, Brazil

RBRH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Romero Monteiro ◽  
Camyla Innocente dos Santos ◽  
Masato Kobiyama ◽  
Cláudia Weber Corseuil ◽  
Pedro Luiz Borges Chaffe
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Hazard Degree ◽  
Logarithmic Relationship

ABSTRACT The development of urban areas exacerbates flood risk by increasing both runoff and the exposure of population and infrastructure. In this study, we highlight the importance of return period choice on flood hazard degree and flood hydraulics characteristics. We use the UFSC campus basin as a test bed and combine a hydrological and a hydrodynamic model to define the flood hazard intensity and flood hazard degree. Six hazard intensity maps were elaborated using different return periods (2, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 500-years) that characterize low and high recurrence scenarios. The low recurrence hazard map can be ideal to verify hazard effects on buildings, while the high recurrence hazard map helps to identify people security. All variables related to the rainfall effect and its consequences (e.g. rainfall intensity, flood mean velocity, and total flood area) follow a logarithmic relationship, with a small variation for higher return periods. We highlight how different return periods can influence flood hydraulics and flood hazard and should therefore be considered in flood hazard mapping.

scholarly journals A GIS-BASED PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING THE EFECTS OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT ON URBAN FLASH FLOODS

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Chunlu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
The Impact

Urban flooding has been a severe problem for many cities around the world as it remains one of the greatest threats to the property and safety of human communities. In Australia, it is seen as the most expensive natural hazard. However, urban areas that are impervious to rainwater have been sharply increasing owing to booming construction activities and rapid urbanisation. The change in the built environment may cause more frequent and longer duration of flooding in floodprone urban regions. Thus, the flood inundation issue associated with the effects of land uses needs to be explored and developed. This research constructs a framework for modelling urban flood inundation. Different rainfall events are then designed for examining the impact on flash floods generated by land-use changes. Measurement is formulated for changes of topographical features over a real time series. Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies are then utilised to visualise the effects of land-use changes on flood inundation under different types of storms. Based on a community-based case study, the results reveal that the built environment leads to varying degrees of aggravation of urban flash floods with different storm events and a few rainwater storage units may slightly mitigate flooding extents under different storm conditions. Hence, it is recommended that the outcomes of this study could be applied to flood assessment measures for urban development and the attained results could be utilised in government planning to raise awareness of flood hazard.

Acoustic Zoning and Noise Assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 430 ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Momir Praščevič ◽  
Darko Mihajlov ◽  
Dragan Cvetkovic ◽  
Aleksandar Gajicki ◽  
Nikola Holecek
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
City Development ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Noise Assessment ◽  
Sustainable Planning ◽  
The City

The great majority of cities in the world have resolved problem of acoustic zoning in the urban part of the city. Two approaches are usually applied in acoustic zoning: acoustic zoning of the territory in accordance with land-use where the allowed values of noise indicator are defined and acoustic zoning by preparing noise maps around dominant sources of noise in urban areas and defining land-use in relation to calculated isofonic lines. As international standard and internationally recognized methodology for preparation of acoustic zoning does not exist, the authors of this paper initiated preparation of methodology for acoustic zoning. The concept of methodology is demonstrated in this paperwork. The methodology has been applied on the City of Nis example starting from the specificity of Nis urban area as well as requests and goals that have been set and defined during sustainable planning of Nis City development. Based on defined acoustic zones and noise measurement results for five years period on the territory of Nis City, the evaluation of the condition of noise level has been done and this paperwork presents results obtained.

scholarly journals Nature-Based Solutions for Storm Water Management—Creation of a Green Infrastructure Suitability Map as a Tool for Land-Use Planning at the Municipal Level in the Province of Monza-Brianza (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6124
Author(s):  
Giulio Senes ◽  
Paolo Stefano Ferrario ◽  
Gianpaolo Cirone ◽  
Natalia Fumagalli ◽  
Paolo Frattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Rainwater Infiltration ◽  
Suitability Map ◽  
Municipal Level

Growing and uncontrolled urbanization and climate change (with an associated increase in the frequency of intense meteoric events) have led to a rising number of flooding events in urban areas due to the insufficient capacity of conventional drainage systems. Nature-Based Solutions represent a contribution to addressing these problems through the creation of a multifunctional green infrastructure, both in urban areas and in the countryside. The aim of this work was to develop a methodology to define Green Infrastructure for stormwater management at the municipal level. The methodology is defined on the basis of three phases: the definition of the territorial information needed, the production of base maps, and the production of a Suitability Map. In the first phase, we define the information needed for the identification of non-urbanized areas where rainwater can potentially infiltrate, as well as areas with soil characteristics that can exclude or limit rainwater infiltration. In the second phase, we constructed the following base maps: a “map of green areas”, a “map of natural surface infiltration potential” and a “map of exclusion areas”. In phase 3, starting from the base maps created in phase 2 and using Geographical Information Systems’ (GIS) geoprocessing procedures, the “Green area compatibility map to realize Green Infrastructure”, the “map of areas not suitable for infiltration” and the final “Green Infrastructure Suitability Map” are created. This methodology should help municipal authorities to set up Green Infrastructure Suitability Maps as a tool for land-use planning.

scholarly journals Disaster risk assessment for urban areas: A GIS flood risk analysis for Luján City (Argentina)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Ignacio Agustin Gatti ◽  
Takashi Oguchi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Disaster Risk Assessment

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Floods frequently cause disasters worldwide. In Argentina, almost half of disasters are related to floods (Celis &amp; Herzer, 2003). During the period 1944 to 2005, 41 major floods occurred in urban areas in the country (Argentina Red Cross, 2010) with more than 13 million people affected. Luján (34°33′S, 59°07′W) is a city of about 110,000 people, situated 21 m above the mean sea level in a relatively plain area. It suffered from 21 floods between 1967 and 2018 with a result of about 14,600 evacuees and 3 dead people. The main cause of the floods is the overflow of the Luján River, which has an average flow of 5.37&amp;thinsp;m<sup>3</sup>/s (INA, 2007).</p><p> The National Disaster Risk Assessment guidelines (UNDP, 2010; UNSIDR, 2018) outline the use of qualitative or quantitative approaches to determinate the acceptable level of risk. Risk has been associated with a potential loss with different levels of certainty (Crichton, 1999; WMO, 2013), and it could be defined as a combination of hazard, exposure and vulnerability (Akhtar et al, 2018; Behanzin, 2015; Armeneakis et al., 2017; UNISDR, 2017) (Figure 1). If one of those elements is missing, risk is not defined. The hazard is related to the potential danger that the natural phenomenon has, which is inherent to the event itself, and it would be inundation scenarios in this study. Vulnerability has been defined by Cardona et al. (2012) as a propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected. That definition includes the characteristics of a person or a group, and their situation that influences their capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the adverse effects of physical events (Natenzon et al., 2005; González, 2009). The perspectives selected in the present work focus on working with social vulnerability which is linked to socio-economical population conditions and the possibility of these being affected. Spatial distribution of exposure (elements at risk) in proximity to a hazard is a significant factor of disaster risk (UNISDR, 2017). Some researchers (González et al., 1998; Villagrán De León, 2001; Moel et al., 2009) defined “exposure” as what can be affected by a flood such as buildings, land use, and population, the latter of which is a significant factor of disaster risk (UNISDR, 2017). Flood risk maps play an important role in decision-making, planning and implementing flood management options (WMO, 2013).</p><p> Geographical Information Systems (GIS) enable us to perform a spatial analysis of the elements of risk (hazard, vulnerability, and exposure) for Luján City. By creating categories from the selection of some indicators, it is possible to define which area is more likely to be impacted by a flood, which population and which infrastructure are more exposed, and who is more vulnerable. A final flood risk index is created with five categories based on risk values from 0 (lowest) to 1 (highest) (Figure 2).</p><p> Hazard analysis is made by using a 5-m Digital Elevation Model (DEM), rainfall data, land use information, drainage system (sewers and streams) and historical flood maps. Sources of vulnerability and exposure indicators are data from the last National Argentinian Census in the year 2010.</p><p> Although it is impossible to totally eliminate the flood risk, it is possible to mitigate some consequences. Findings from this study illustrate that some areas of higher flood risk coincide with areas of high flood hazard, more exposed, and more vulnerable. This methodology helps to develop disaster risk management strategies for settlements frequently flooded.</p>

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