Growth and survival of eleven planted tree species on a reclaimed surface mine in West Virginia

Research journals likeJRMEplay key roles through the publication of peerreviewed research, and it is through such publications that the field has the potential to grow. The metaphor of a growing tree is a useful one to explore in the context of mathematics education research. Growth in the natural world is generally multidimensional. A tree's growth is measured not only in terms of its height but also in terms of the girth of its trunk, the spread of its branches, and the development of a substantial root system, all of which are essential for the tree's continued growth and survival. Soil nutrients need to be replenished, and without sufficient moisture, growth is arrested, and the tree becomes stunted. Many of the most interesting natural landscapes include a range of tree species as well as supporting undergrowth.

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Introduction of native tree species into degraded Cerrado vegetation

Interação ◽

10.53660/inter-102-s127 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 61-84

Author(s):

Gildomar Alves dos Santos ◽

David Francis Robert Philip Burslem ◽

Milton Serpa de Meira Jr ◽

Stanislau Parreira Cardozo

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Tree Species ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Forest Recovery ◽

Seedling Mortality ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Cerrado Vegetation ◽

Native Tree ◽

Native Tree Species

Experimental restoration using tree seedlings is a common strategy for accelerating succession on degraded post-agricultural land formerly occupied by Cerrado vegetation. Seedling growth in degraded tropical lands is constrained by various factors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the seedling growth and survival of seven native tree species used to accelerate forest recovery in a gully area with stressful environmental conditions. The experimental design involved fenced and unfenced blocks, presence and absence of fertilization and use of an adhesive to prevent ant herbivory (four treatments with four replicates). Seedlings were planted in December 2006 and collection of data on seedling basal diameter, height, mortality and herbivory started on January 24th 2007 and continued every three months, until final data collection on January 31st 2009 (9 measurement dates). Overall seedling survival was 38 % and protecting seedlings did not influence growth, but seedlings grew faster in response to the addition of fertilizer containing N, P and K. The use of the adhesive Tanglefoot to exclude leaf cutter ants had no influence on growth. Fencing reduced seedling mortality, but combining fencing with Tanglefoot did not. Nutrient availability limits seedling growth and survival in the gully. Direct planting of seedlings of native trees may accelerate succession in degraded Cerrado lands subject to interventions that overcome constraints on seedling growth and survival.

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Observations on survival and early growth of natural regeneration in floodplain coolibah Eucalyptus victrix (Myrtaceae) in the Pilbara, Western Australia

The Rangeland Journal ◽

10.1071/rj04010 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 150 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. E. D. Fox ◽

S. K. Florentine ◽

M. E. Westbrooke ◽

C. Hurst

Keyword(s):

Western Australia ◽

Tree Species ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Early Growth ◽

Natural Fire ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Burnt Site ◽

Hill Station ◽

Second Year

Observations are presented on the natural regeneration of Eucalyptus victrix L. Johnson and K. Hill (coolibah), the dominant tree species of grassy woodlands on the floodplain of the Fortescue River, north of Newman in the Pilbara district of Western Australia. The main objectives of this study were to examine: (i) survival of newly recruited E. victrix seedlings on flooded and burnt sites, and (ii) growth and survival of established plants in a gilgaied landscape. Populations of newly-recruited seedlings following flooding or fire were monitored opportunistically at 'Marillana' and 'Ethel Creek' stations, for up to two years from tagging. A population of saplings at 'Roy Hill' station was observed over eight years. Seedling densities of E. victrix in flooded sites were 0.32 and 1.03 plants/m2 in 1995 and 1997 respectively. Locally high densities reached from 1.2 to 17.7 plants/m2 on areas of 28 and 6 m2 respectively. At the burnt site at 'Ethel Creek', 1.30 plants/m2 were observed where 58 seedlings were recorded on an area of 445 m2 a year after a natural fire. Many of these persisted well into their second year, whereas seedlings recruited in the flooded sites generally lasted less than a year (250-376 days). In contrast, persistence of a cohort of 100 established saplings < 2 m tall in a gilgaied landscape at 'Roy Hill' was high. During 8 years of observations, only one sapling was lost. Those found at the edges of gilgais had attained greater heights (3.91 � 1.14 m) than saplings located inside (3.16 � 0.95 m) or on top (3.12 � 0.93 m) of the gilgais. This study demonstrates that the seedling stage in E. victrix is critical, in that once newly recruited individuals reach the sapling stage (0.611 m), mortality rates are much reduced. Unfortunately, it was not possible during the course of this study to locate a cohort of young seedlings that did survive and so any consideration of the conditions necessary for their survival is purely speculative.

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Growth and survival of potential tree species for carbon-offset in degraded areas from southeast Brazil

Ecological Indicators ◽

10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106514 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 106514 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vicente Toledo Machado de Morais Junior ◽

Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine ◽

Eliana Boaventura Bernardes Moura Alves ◽

Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto Torres ◽

Isabella Salgado Faustino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Southeast Brazil ◽

Carbon Offset

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Projecting Stand Survival and Basal Area Based on a Self-Thinning Model for Chinese Fir Plantations

Forest Science ◽

10.1093/forsci/fxz086 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 361-370

Author(s):

Xiongqing Zhang ◽

Quang V Cao ◽

Hanchen Wang ◽

Aiguo Duan ◽

Jianguo Zhang

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Southern China ◽

Critical Role ◽

Basal Area ◽

Chinese Fir ◽

The Self ◽

Survival Models ◽

Stand Development ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Stand Growth

Abstract The self-thinning rule has played a critical role in controlling stand stocking and modeling stand development in forest stands. Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is a native and fast-growing tree species used for timber production and is widely grown in southern China. Effective management of this important tree species requires accurate and reasonable predictions of stand growth and survival. Remeasured data from 48 plots distributed in Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Sichuan provinces were used to develop models to predict stand survival and basal area based on the self-thinning trajectories. These trajectories were constructed using a self-thinning slope of –1.605, as suggested by Reineke (1933) (Method 1), and the slopes estimated either from two groups of sites (Method 2) or from climate variables (Method 3). Results indicated that the stand growth and survival models using Method 3 performed best, followed by Method 2 and Method 1. In addition, stand growth and survival curves predicted from Method 3 were more similar in shape to those from the observed values, as compared with Method 1. Overall, the models based on the self-thinning lines using climate-sensitive slopes provided reasonable predictions of the stand development dynamics. Therefore, these results facilitate modeling of the relation between stand growth/survival and self-thinning under climate change.

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Reforestation of Mined Land in the Northeastern and North-Central U.S

Northern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/njaf/1.1.7 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 7-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Walter H. Davidson ◽

Russell J. Hutnik ◽

Delbert E. Parr

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

West Virginia ◽

Coal Mining ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Mine Reclamation ◽

The State ◽

Surface Mine ◽

North Central ◽

Socioeconomic Issues ◽

Surface Mine Reclamation

Abstract This paper reviews the state of the art of surface mine reclamation for forestry in Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. Legislative constraints, socioeconomic issues, factors limiting the success of reforestation efforts, post-mining land-use trends, species options, and establishment techniques are discussed. Sources of assistance to landowners or managers are given and major publications on reclamation methods are cited. Information provided in the paper also applies to coal mining states adjacent to those listed above. Citation: Northern Journal of Applied Forestry, April 1984 NJ 1:7-12.

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SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF FIVE CHESTNUT SEED TYPES ON A MOUNTAINTOP SURFACE MINE IN WEST VIRGINIA

Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation ◽

10.21000/jasmr09011276 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 (1) ◽

pp. 1176-1291

Author(s):

Jeff Skousen ◽

Travis Keene ◽

Curtis DeLong ◽

Eugenia Pena- Yewtukhiw ◽

Thomas Cook

Keyword(s):

West Virginia ◽

Surface Mine ◽

Survival And Growth

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TREE SPECIES COMPOSITION, CANOPY COVERAGE, AND IMPOrTANCE ON SEVERAL AML SITES IN NORTHERN WEST VIRGINIA

Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation ◽

10.21000/jasmr90020545 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 1990 (2) ◽

pp. 545-554 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

c. D. Johnson ◽

J. G. Skousen

Keyword(s):

West Virginia ◽

Species Composition ◽

Tree Species ◽

Tree Species Composition ◽

Canopy Coverage

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Observations of the Photosynthetic Physiology of Tree Species within the C3 Monocotyledon Genus Pandanus, and Comparison with Dicotyledon C3 Tree Species

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt96106 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Catherine E. Lovelock

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Specific Leaf Area ◽

Tree Species ◽

Dark Respiration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Weight Basis ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Respiration Rates ◽

Leaf Dark Respiration ◽

Resource Levels

Photosynthetic characteristics of tree species from the tropical C3 monocotyledon genus Pandanus were compared with C3 dicotyledon species growing in similar environments. The Pandanus species had similar maximum photosynthetic rates (Amax) to dicotyledon tree species in leaves from both sun and shaded environments when Amax was expressed on an area basis. Because of the low specific leaf area of the schlerophyllous leaves of the Pandanus compared to the dicotyledon species, the similarity in Amax was no longer evident when Amax was expressed on a dry-weight basis. Leaf dark respiration rates of the Pandanus on a leaf area and weight basis were generally lower than the shade-intolerant dicotyledons and similar to the shade-tolerant dicotyledon species. Low dark respiration rates and low specific leaf area of the Pandanus may be important characteristics for growth and survival in environments where resource levels are low and the likelihood of tissue damage is high.

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