GPs’ mental wellbeing and psychological resources: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundThe negative impact of work has been the traditional focus of GP surveys. We know little about GP positive mental health and psychological resources.AimTo profile and contextualise GP positive mental health and personal psychological resources.Design and settingCross-sectional survey of GPs working in Northern Ireland (NI).MethodA questionnaire comprising the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) and measures of resilience, optimism, self-efficacy, and hope, and sociodemographic information was posted to 400 GPs randomly selected from a publicly available GP register.ResultsThe response rate was 55% (n = 221 out of 400). Mean value for GP wellbeing (WEMWBS) was 50.2 (standard deviation [SD] 8) compared to UK vets 48.8 (SD 9), UK teachers 47.2 (SD 9), and the population of NI 50.8 (SD 9). After adjustment for confounding, mean WEMWBS was 2.4 units (95% CI = 0.02 to 4.7) higher in female GPs than males (P = 0.05), and 4.0 units (95% CI = 0.8 to 7.3) higher in GPs ≥55 years than GPs ≤44 years (P = 0.02). Optimism was 1.1 units higher in female GPs than male GPs (95% CI = 0.1 to 2.0), and 1.56 units higher in GPs ≥55 years (95% CI = 0.2 to 2.9) than in those ≤44 years. Hope was 3 units higher in GPs ≥55 years (95% CI = 0.4 to 5.7) than in those aged 45–54 years. Correlation between WEMWBS and psychological resources was highest with hope (r = 0.65, P < 0.001).ConclusionGPs have levels of positive mental health that are comparable to the local population and better than other occupational groups, such as vets and teachers. Male and younger GPs may have most to gain from wellbeing interventions.

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Assessing the mental wellbeing of next generation general practitioners: a cross-sectional survey

BJGP Open ◽

10.3399/bjgpopen19x101671 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. bjgpopen19X101671

Author(s):

Fanny Lindemann ◽

Zsofia Rozsnyai ◽

Brigitta Zumbrunn ◽

Julia Laukenmann ◽

Regula Kronenberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

At Risk ◽

General Practitioners ◽

Stress Level ◽

Mean Value ◽

Private Life ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

BackgroundFuture and practising GPs encounter various stressors, which can potentially impair mental wellbeing and develop into mental illnesses.AimTo assess mental wellbeing of young and future GPs by their level of training.Design & settingA cross-sectional anonymous survey of members of the Swiss Young General Practitioners Association (JHaS) was undertaken.MethodBasic characteristics and the current mental wellbeing were assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). Specific stressors that can influence wellbeing were focused on. Participants were asked for ideas on how to improve wellbeing via open questions.ResultsResponse rate was 57% (n = 503). Mean value for mental wellbeing (WEMWBS) was 52.4 (maximum 70, standard deviation [SD] 7.2). Residents had a significantly lower level of mental health (51.0, SD 7.6) compared with GPs (54.2, SD 6.2). Overall, stress level was reported as high or very high by almost half of participants (49%). Forty-five per cent indicated a lack of private time; the highest proportion was among residents. Fifteen per cent (20% among residents) were at risk of burnout. Most frequent stressors were administrative tasks, high workload, and work demands. Support requests included improvement of work–life balance and reduction of administrative workload.ConclusionResidents had the lowest mental wellbeing, at a stress level similarly high to that of GPs. They most often indicated not having enough time for a private life and were most at risk of burnout. Improvement suggestions should be implemented to maintain mental health of young and future GPs. Particular attention should be paid to GPs in training, as owing to their reduced mental health, they may benefit most.

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A cross-sectional, face-to-face, community survey of mental health and deprivation in post-recession Ireland: a rising tide lifts all boats?

Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/ipm.2019.5 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

G. M. Sorin ◽

C. Darker ◽

L. Whiston ◽

A. O’Callaghan ◽

J. M. Barry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Chronic Illness ◽

Economic Recession ◽

Household Survey ◽

National Sample ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Face To Face

Objective To assess community mental health in suburban Dublin in 2018, 5 years after Ireland’s economic recession ended. Methods A cross-sectional, face-to-face, household survey was conducted in a random cluster sample of 351 households in Tallaght, a deprived suburb of Dublin. Results A majority of respondents (61.3%) reported stress over the previous 12 months, with a higher rate in areas of high (66.9%) compared to lower deprivation (55.5%). Deprivation was not related to rates of loneliness (20.2%), feeling depressed (20.2%), loss of interest (19.7%) or anxiety (22.5%). Mean score for positive mental health (59.3/100, with a higher score indicating better mental health) was lower than that reported in a national sample in 2007 (68/100); positive mental health was associated with not living with a person with chronic illness, self-identifying as ‘non-Irish’ and greater age. Mean score for psychological distress (76.7/100, with a higher score indicating less distress) was also lower than that in 2007 (82/100); less psychological distress was associated with not living with a person with chronic illness or disability, greater age and identifying as non-Irish. The rate of ‘probable mental illness’ over the previous 4 weeks (13.1%) was higher than in 2007 (7%). Conclusions Our findings emphasise the high prevalence of stress, especially in deprived suburban areas; the centrality of carer burden in determining mental wellbeing; and associations between positive mental health on the one hand and greater age and identifying as non-Irish on the other.

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Prevalence of Positive Mental Health and Associated Factors Among Postpartum Women in Canada: Findings from a National Cross-Sectional Survey

Maternal and Child Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10995-020-02920-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 759-767

Author(s):

Mélanie Varin ◽

Elia Palladino ◽

Heather M. Orpana ◽

Suzy L. Wong ◽

Mihaela Gheorghe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

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Role of Positive Mental Health in Reducing Fears related to COVID-19 and General Anxiety Disorder in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-430599/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qaisar Khalid Mahmood ◽

Malik Muhammad Sohail ◽

Waheed Ahmad Qureshi ◽

Rubeena Zakar ◽

Florian Fischer

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Well Being ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽

General Anxiety Disorder ◽

General Anxiety

Abstract Background: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed multiple challenges to healthcare systems. Evidence suggests that mental well-being is badly affected due to compliance with preventative measures in containing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the role of positive mental health (subjective sense of wellbeing) to cope with fears related to COVID-19 and general anxiety disorder in the Pashtun community in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 501 respondents from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa participating in an online-based study. We performed correlational analysis, hierarchical linear regression and structural equational modeling (SEM) to analyze the role of mental health in reducing fears and general anxiety disorder. Results: The results of the SEM show that positive mental health has direct effects in reducing the fear related to COVID-19 (β=-0.244, p<0.001) and general anxiety (β= -0.210, p<0.001). Fears of COVID-19 has a direct effect on increasing general anxiety (β=0.480). In addition, positive mental health also has an indirect effect (β=-0.117, p<0.001) on general anxiety (R2=0.32, p<0.001) through reducing fear of coronavirus. Conclusion: Based on these findings, there is a need to develop community health policies emphasizing on promotive and preventive mental health strategies for people practicing social/physical distancing.

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Neighborhood Walkability and Physical and Mental Health among Older Adults Living in a Deprived Community

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.2355 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 620-621

Author(s):

Rie Suzuki ◽

Jennifer Blackwood ◽

Shailee Shah ◽

Noah Webster

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Health ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Assistive Device ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neighborhood Walkability ◽

Walking Programs

Abstract Background Identifying the factors to improve the quality of life (QOL) is vital to decrease morbidity and mortality rates among older adults. Although unfavorable neighborhood features have a significant negative impact on QOL, few studies have investigated these relationships in a deprived community. The purpose of the study was to understand how neighborhood walkability is associated with QOL using the SF-36 among urban-dwelling older adults. Methods This is a cross-sectional survey. Participants were recruited in 2018 and 2019 at regional health clinics in Flint, MI. To be eligible, participants had to be over 65 years old and Flint residents. Results Of the 132 participants, the majority were female (66%), African American (77%), single, divorced, or widowed (75%), and educated below GED level (84%). After adjusting for gender, assistive device use, medication, and the Supplemental Security Income receipt, multiple regression analysis revealed that those with better perceptions of land-mixed use and accessibility within their neighborhood were more likely to have better physical health (β = .36, p<.05). However, the perceptions of greater pedestrian safety were associated with the poor physical and mental health (PCS; β = -0.19, p <.05; MCS; β = -0.25, p < .05). Perceptions of the presence of walking hazards and crime were not significantly associated with QOL. Discussion Findings suggest that neighborhood walkability characteristics are associated with physical health. The development of walking programs with accessible neighborhoods will be urgent to improve the health-related QOL for older adults living in a targeted community.

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A moderated-mediation model of fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being during COVID-19 pandemic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-100641/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarita Sood ◽

Ananya Sharma

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Well Being ◽

Moderated Mediation ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Mediation Effect ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Moderated Mediation Model

Abstract A sudden outbreak of diseases poses a serious threat to mental health. Relying on strengths might mitigate negative mental health outcomes and promote positive mental health. Prior research suggests a potential moderated mediation effect between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being. Based on the Complete State Model and the Competence-Based Model of mental health, this study examined the relationship between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being through perceived distress moderated by resilience in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires was employed. Data were collected online from 384 participants ( 270 females and 114 males, age range= 15 to 29 years). The participants had indirect exposure to COVID-19 through information from the media. Results demonstrated that fear of illness significantly predicts subjective psychological well-being both directly and indirectly. In addition, the moderated mediation effect of resilience was confirmed. Resilience moderated the indirect effect between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being through perceived distress. The magnitude of the indirect effect was contingent on resilience. Further, the effect of perceived distress on subjective psychological well-being is weakened as the level of resilience increases. This study contributes theoretically to a better understanding of the salutogenic effect of resilience on positive mental health during a pandemic. Based on the findings, implications and future directions are discussed.

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Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality and Physical Activity, but Not Sedentary Behaviour, Are Associated with Positive Mental Health in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17228489 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (22) ◽

pp. 8489

Author(s):

Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar ◽

Falk Müller-Riemenschneider ◽

Anne Hin Yee Chu ◽

Mythily Subramaniam ◽

Linda Wei Lin Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Personal Growth ◽

Asian Population ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: We assessed the associations of sleep, physical activity and sedentary behaviour with positive mental health (PMH) in the multi-ethnic population of Singapore. Methods: The Singapore Health 2 study is a nationally representative cross-sectional survey among residents aged 18–79 years. A PMH instrument was administered to 1925 participants to obtain total PMH and six sub-component scores. Self-rated sleep duration, sleep quality, sedentary behaviour and physical activity were assessed. Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted. Results: The mean age of the participants was 40.1 (SD 14.3) years. Sleep duration (≥8 h/night: β = 0.17,95% CI: 0.02–0.32; 7–< 8 h/night: β = 0.17,95% CI: 0.03–0.30 versus <6 h/night, p = 0.002), sleep quality (very good: β = 0.45,95% CI: 0.29–0.60; fairly good: β = 0.20,95% CI: 0.06–0.33 versus very/fairly bad; ptrend < 0.001) and physical activity (high: β = 0.19,95% CI: 0.05–0.32; moderate: β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03–0.27 versus low; ptrend < 0.001) were directly associated with total PMH. Sedentary behaviour was not significantly associated with PMH. Sleep duration, sleep quality and physical activity were directly associated with the PMH sub-components ‘emotional support’ and ‘personal growth and autonomy’. Conclusions: Duration and quality of sleep and physical activity were directly associated with PMH in an urban Asian population. These findings support incorporating sleep and physical activity interventions to improve population mental health.

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Religious Affiliation in Relation to Positive Mental Health and Mental Disorders in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073368 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3368

Author(s):

Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar ◽

Niyanta Choudhary ◽

Siow Ann Chong ◽

Fiona Devi Siva Kumar ◽

Edimansyah Abdin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Personal Growth ◽

Religious Affiliation ◽

Community Setting ◽

Asian Population ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: This study investigated association of religious affiliation with positive mental health (PMH) and mental disorders. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 2270 adults was conducted in Singapore. Participants reported their religious affiliation to Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Taoism, or other religions. A PMH instrument measured total PMH and six subcomponents: general coping (GC), emotional support (ES), spirituality (S), interpersonal skills (IS), personal growth and autonomy (PGA), and global affect (GA). Lifetime history of mental disorders was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: Total PMH (mean ± SD) was 4.56 ± 0.66 for participants with any religion versus 4.12 ± 0.63 (p = 0.002) in those without any religion. After adjustment for all potential confounders, the mean difference in total PMH between these groups was 0.348 (95% CI: 0.248–0.448). Having any religion was significantly associated with higher scores for S, GC, ES, IS, but not with PGA, GA or mental disorders. Compared with individuals without any religion, total PMH and S levels were significantly higher across all religions. Additionally, Christianity was significantly associated with higher ES, Taoism with higher GC, Buddhism and Islam with higher GC, ES and IS, Hinduism with higher IS and Sikhism with higher ES and IS. Conclusion: Our results indicate that religious affiliation is significantly associated with higher PMH, but not with mental disorders in an Asian community setting. In addition, different religions showed unique patterns of association with PMH subcomponents.

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Important Goals, Meanings, and Relationships in Flourishing and Languishing States: Towards Patterns of Well-being

Applied Research in Quality of Life ◽

10.1007/s11482-019-09771-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marié P. Wissing ◽

Lusilda Schutte ◽

Christelle Liversage ◽

Brenda Entwisle ◽

Marianne Gericke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Survey Design ◽

Short Form ◽

Well Being ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Written Responses ◽

Greater Good ◽

Low Levels

Abstract Qualitative studies of lay people’s perspectives on facets of well-being are scarce, and it is not known how the perspectives of people with high and low levels of well-being dovetail or differ. This research explored the experiences of people with high/flourishing versus low/languishing levels of positive mental health in three cross-sectional survey design studies. Languishing and flourishing participants were selected in each study based on quantitative data from the Mental Health Continuum - Short Form as reported by Keyes et al. (Journal of Health and Social Behavior 43:207–222, 2002). Qualitative content analyses were conducted on written responses to semistructured open-ended questions on the what and why of important meaningful things (study 1, n = 42), goals (study 2, n = 30), and relationships (study 3, n = 50). Results indicated that well-being is not only a matter of degree—manifestations differ qualitatively in flourishing and languishing states. Similar categories emerged for what flourishing and languishing people found important with regard to meaning, goals, and relationships, but the reasons for the importance thereof differed prominently. Languishing people manifested a self-focus and often motivated responses in terms of own needs and hedonic values such as own happiness, whereas flourishers were more other-focused and motivated responses in terms of eudaimonic values focusing on a greater good. We propose that positive mental health can be conceptualized in terms of dynamic quantitative and qualitative patterns of well-being. Interventions to promote well-being may need to take into account the patterns of well-being reflecting what people on various levels of well-being experience and value.

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmology Residents: A Narrative Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111567 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11567

Author(s):

Natalia Dub ◽

Joanna Konopińska ◽

Iwona Obuchowska ◽

Łukasz Lisowski ◽

Diana Anna Dmuchowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Traditional Teaching ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Virtual Training ◽

Residency Programs ◽

Surgical Simulators ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

The Impact

The ongoing outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically affected medical societies. We aim to provide an overview and summarize the information published so far concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ophthalmology residency programs and the mental wellbeing of trainees, and to establish factors to help maintain successful residency training to ensure high-quality, specialist ophthalmic training. A literature search was conducted in October 2021 of the PubMed database for articles assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of ophthalmology trainees and on ophthalmology residency programs. Cross-sectional survey studies, editorials, articles in scientific journals, letters to editors, and commentaries were considered; finally, 19 studies were included after excluding abstract-only publications and conference posters. The studies’ demographic details, participant characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and limitations were extracted. Our summarized information showed the alarmingly significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ophthalmology trainees’ mental health and the associated considerable changes in ophthalmic training programs. Thus, in future, virtual training and surgical simulators should be permanently introduced, in addition to traditional teaching, to complete successful ophthalmology residency programs. Additionally, we emphasize the need for a widely facilitated and encouraged access to psychological support programs for healthcare workers, including ophthalmologists.

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