CHARACTERISTICS OF REDOX STATUS IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS, GUERIN'S CARCINOMA AND ASSOCIATED PATHOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-167
Author(s):  
I.A. Goroshinskaya ◽  
E.M. Frantsiyants ◽  
I.V. Kaplieva ◽  
L.A. Nemashkalova ◽  
L.K. Trepitaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Guerin’S Carcinoma

Taking into account cancer and diabetes comorbidity, the role of free radicals in these conditions and the dependence of pathological processes on the gender of animals, the aim of the study was to examine lipid peroxidation (LPO) intensity and the activity of the key antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the heart, kidneys, liver, and in tumors of male and female rats with diabetes mellitus (DM), Guerin's carcinoma (GC) or both diseases. Materials and Methods. The study included 80 white nonlinear male and female rats (180–220 g). The animals were divided into 4 groups, each group included 10 animals (either male or female). At the time of GC inoculation, the blood glucose level in animals with alloxan diabetes was 25.4±1.2 mmol/L. The authors used conventional spectrophotometric methods to examine the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugates (DC), and SOD activity. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical analysis software Statistica 10.0. Results. The most pronounced changes in the studied parameters were found in the heart of female rats with isolated GC and associated diabetes mellitus: more than a threefold increase in MDA, a significant increase in DC against the background of an increase in SOD activity (by 5.5–6.3 times in comparison to intact animals). The amount of MDA in GC tissue depended on the tumor size: the maximum increase in both parameters was observed in male rats with GC growth and associated DM. Conclusion. The changes in the content of LPO products and SOD activity in the heart, kidneys, and liver of rats with diabetes mellitus and tumor growth depend on the type of the examined tissue and the gender of the animals. Disorders of the redox status found in the heart tissue can make a significant contribution to cardiopathology, which is often observed in diabetes mellitus and malignant tumor growth. Key words: diabetes mellitus, Guerin's carcinoma, rats, combined pathology, heart, kidneys, liver, malondialdehyde, diene conjugates, superoxide dismutase. Учитывая коморбидность рака и диабета, роль свободнорадикальных процессов при этих состояниях и зависимость течения патологических процессов от пола животных, целью исследования явилось изучение интенсивности перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) и активности ключевого антиоксидантного фермента супероксиддисмутазы (СОД) в сердце, почках, печени, а также в опухоли крыс разного пола при сахарном диабете (СД), карциноме Герена (КГ) и при их сочетании. Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 80 белых нелинейных крыс обоего пола массой 180–220 г, разделенных на 4 группы по 10 животных каждого пола. На момент перевивки КГ уровень глюкозы в крови животных с аллоксановым СД составил 25,4±1,2 ммоль/л. Содержание малонового диальдегида (МДА), диеновых конъюгатов (ДК) и активность СОД исследованы общепринятыми спектрофотометрическими методами. Статистический анализ проведен с использованием программы Statistica 10.0. Результаты. Наиболее выраженные изменения изученных показателей выявлены в сердце самок при изолированной КГ и КГ, растущей на фоне СД: более чем трехкратное увеличение МДА, значимый прирост ДК на фоне повышения активности СОД в 5,5–6,3 раза относительно интактных животных. В ткани КГ прослеживалась зависимость степени выраженности увеличения содержания МДА от размеров опухоли: максимальное увеличение обоих показателей наблюдалось у самцов при росте КГ на фоне СД. Выводы. Направленность изменения содержания продуктов ПОЛ и активности СОД в сердце, почках и печени крыс при СД и опухолевом росте зависит от типа исследованной ткани и пола животных. Обнаруженные в ткани сердца нарушения редокс-статуса могут вносить значимый вклад в развитие кардиопатологии, часто наблюдаемой при СД и злокачественном росте. Ключевые слова: сахарный диабет, карцинома Герена, крысы, сочетанная патология, сердце, почки, печень, малоновый диальдегид, диеновые конъюгаты, супероксиддисмутаза.

scholarly journals Effect of diabetes mellitus on levels of insulin-like growth factors and their carrier proteins in Guerin’s carcinoma and it’s perifocal tissue in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
E. M. Frantsiyants ◽  
V. A. Bandovkina ◽  
I. V. Kaplieva ◽  
E. I. Surikova ◽  
I. V. Neskubina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Guerin’S Carcinoma ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factors

Purpose of the study. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered an independent risk factor for higher cancer incidence and death rates. The system of insulin-like growth factors and their carrier proteins (IGF and IGFBP) and hyperglycemia create favorable conditions for the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells.Materials and methods. Outbred male and female rats were divided into groups (n = 8 each): controls - with Guerin's carcinoma; main group - Guerin's carcinoma growing in presence of DM. Experimental DM was reproduces in animals by the single intraperitoneal alloxan injection (150 mg/kg body weight). After 10 days of the carcinoma growth, levels of IGF and IGFBP in the tumor and in it's perifocal area were measured using ELISA.Results. DM in females upregulated levels of glucose both in the tumor and in perifocal tissues by 1.8 (p < 0.05) and 8.1 times, respectively, but caused opposite changes in IGF-I - it's increase by 6.3 times in the tumor and decrease by 3.2 times in the perifocal area; as a result, such tumors with small primary nodes were more "aggressive" and actively metastasized. In males, induced DM downregulated levels of glucose, IGF-II and IGFBP2 in the carcinoma by 8.4, 3.1 and 1.7 (p < 0.05) times, respectively, and increased levels of IGF-I and IGFBP2 by 1.4 and 1.3 times (p < 0.05) in the perifocal area without changing glucose levels; as a result, tumor volumes exceeded the values in the standard growth, without metastasizing into visceral organs.Conclusion. We revealed gender differences in changing levels of glucose and IGF both in the tumor and in it's perifocal tissue in rats with Guerin's carcinoma growing in presence of DM; these differences could determine different tumor growth dynamics in male and female rats.

scholarly journals Effects of Cardiac Hypertrophy, Diabetes, Aging, and Pregnancy on the Cardioprotective Effects of Postconditioning in Male and Female Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzi Babiker ◽  
Aishah Al-Jarallah ◽  
Mariam Al-Awadi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Enzyme Release ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ischemic Insult ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Male And Female Rats

Background. Aging, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diabetes mellitus, and pregnancy are well-recognized risk factors that increase the prevalence of cardio-ischemic events and are linked to poor clinical recovery following acute myocardial infarction. The coexistence of these risk factors with ischemic heart disease (IHD) deteriorates disease prognosis and could potentially lead to fatal arrhythmias and heart failure. The objective of this study was to investigate the vulnerability of hearts with aging, LVH, diabetes, and pregnancy to ischemic insult and their response to pacing postconditioning- (PPC-) induced heart protection. Methods. Hearts isolated from aged, spontaneously hypertensive and diabetic male and female rats and hearts from pregnant female rats (n=8 per group) were subjected to coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion using a modified Langendorff system. Hemodynamics data were computed digitally, and cardiac damage was accessed by measurements of infarct size and cardiac enzyme release. Results. There were no significant differences in the vulnerability of all hearts to ischemic insult compared to their respective controls. PPC improved cardiac hemodynamics and reduced infarct size and cardiac enzyme release in hearts isolated from aged and spontaneously hypertensive female rats and female rats with hypertrophied hearts subjected to PPC (P<0.001). Aged or hypertrophied male hearts were not protected by PPC maneuver. Moreover, the protective effects of PPC were lost in diabetic male and female hearts although retained in hearts from pregnant rats. Conclusions. We demonstrate that aging, LVH, diabetes mellitus, and pregnancy do not affect cardiac vulnerability to ischemic insult. Moreover, PPC mediates cardioprotection in a gender-specific manner in aged and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Diabetes mellitus provokes the protective effects of PPC on both genders equally. Finally, we demonstrate that PPC is a new cardioprotective maneuver in hearts from pregnant female rats.

scholarly journals Activities of Antioxidant and Detoxifying Enzymes in Rats after Lead Exposure

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Alghazal ◽  
V. Lenártová ◽  
K. Holovská ◽  
A. Sobeková ◽  
M. Falis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Gst Activity

The studies were undertaken to investigate the activity response of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and detoxifying enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) of rats exposed to lead. Enzyme activities were determined in the liver, kidneys and heart of male and female rats that received 100 mg and 1000 mg of lead acetate per litre, respectively, in their drinking water for 18 weeks. Statistical analyses indicated differences related to the organs and to the sex of animals. Administration of lead evoked an increase of the SOD activity in the liver and kidneys both in male and female rats but only in the heart of female rats. GST activity decreased in the liver and heart of male rats, while this activity increased in the liver and heart of female rats. In kidneys, the lower lead dose resulted in a decrease of the GST activity in both groups but the higher dose evoked an increase of activity only in male rats. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), an indicator of oxidative stress, significantly increased in rats that were given the high lead dose, in the kidneys of male rats and in the heart of female rats. Most probably, the observed changes could be a compensatory response to different lead accumulation in the male and female organs and also the possible distinct mechanisms in ROS elimination.

scholarly journals Inhalation of Talc Induces Infiltration of Macrophages and Upregulation of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilseob Shim ◽  
Hyun-mi Kim ◽  
Sangyoung Yang ◽  
Min Choi ◽  
Gyun-baek Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Inhalation Toxicity ◽  
Inhalation Study ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

Talc is a mineral that is widely used in cosmetic products, antiseptics, paints, and rubber manufacturing. Although the toxicological effects of talc have been studied extensively, until now no detailed inhalation study of talc focusing on oxidative stress has been done. This repeated 4 weeks whole-body inhalation toxicity study of talc involved Sprague-Dawley rats. Male and female groups of rats were exposed to inhaled talc at 0, 5, 50, and 100 mg/m3 for 6 hours daily, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. The objective was to identify the 4-week inhalation toxicity of talc and investigate antioxidant activity after exposure to talc. There were no treatment-related symptoms or mortality in rats treated with talc. Glucose (GLU) was decreased significantly in male rats exposed to 50 and 100 mg/m3 of talc. Histopathological examination revealed infiltration of macrophages on the alveolar walls and spaces near the terminal and respiratory bronchioles. In male and female rats exposed to 100 mg/m3 talc, expression of superoxide dismutase 2, a typical biological indicator of oxidative damage, was significantly increased. Thus, inhalation of talc induces macrophage aggregations and oxidative damage in the lung.

THE PITUITARY AND ADRENAL RESPONSES TO ADMINISTRATION OF OESTRIOL IN GONADECTOMIZED RATS

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Borglin ◽  
L. Bjersing
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

ABSTRACT Oestriol (oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16α,17β-triol) is a weakly oestrogenic substance which, however, in contrast to what was formerly believed, is of physiological significance. Its effect is localized largely to the uterine cervix and vagina. Clinical experience argues both for and against an effect on the pituitary gland. This investigation is concerned with the morphological changes in the pituitary gland and adrenal cortex of gonadectomized male and female rats after the injection of oestriol. It was found that oestriol has the same type of action on these glands as other oestrogens, but under the experimental conditions used, this effect proved much weaker than that produced by oestradiol (oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol).

INDUCTION OF GOITRE BY PTU OR KClO4 IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS. EFFECT OF GONADECTOMY

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jolín ◽  
M. J. Tarin ◽  
M. D. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Content ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Tsh Levels

ABSTRACT Male and female rats of varying ages were placad on a low iodine diet (LID) plus KClO4 or 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) or on the same diet supplemented with I (control rats). Goitrogenesis was also induced with LID plus PTU in gonadectomized animals of both sexes. The weight of the control and goitrogen treated animals, and the weight and iodine content of their thyroids were determined, as well as the plasma PBI, TSH, insulin and glucose levels. The pituitary GH-like protein content was assessed by disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. If goitrogenesis was induced in young rats of both sexes starting with rats of the same age, body weight (B.W.) and pituitary growth hormone (GH) content, it was found that both the males and females developed goitres of the same size. On the contrary, when goitrogenesis was induced in adult animals, it was found that male rats, that had larger B.W. and pituitary GH content than age-paired females, developed larger goitres. However, both male and female rats were in a hypothyroid condition of comparable degree as judged by the thyroidal iodine content and the plasma PBI and TSH levels. When all the data on the PTU or KClO4-treated male and female rats of varying age and B.W. were considered together, it was observed that the weights of the thyroids increased proportionally to B.W. However, a difference in the slope of the regression of the thyroid weight over B.W. was found between male and female rats, due to the fact that adult male rats develop larger goitres than female animals. In addition, in the male rats treated with PTU, gonadectomy decreased the B.W., pituitary content of GH-like protein and, concomitantly, the size of the goitre decreased; an opposite effect was induced by ovariectomy on the female animals. However, when goitrogenesis was induced in weight-paired adult rats of both sexes, the male animals still developed larger goitres than the females. Among all the parameters studied here, the only ones which appeared to bear a consistent relationship with the size of the goitres in rats of different sexes, treated with a given goitrogen, were the rate of body growth and the amount of a pituitary GH-like protein found before the onset of the goitrogen treatment. Moreover, though the pituitary content of the GH-like protein decreased as a consequence of goitrogen treatment, it was still somewhat higher in male that in female animals. The present results suggest that GH may somehow be involved in the mechanism by which male and female rats on goitrogens develop goitres of different sizes, despite equally high plasma TSH levels.

GONADOTROPHIN PATTERNS IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS:

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Boyd ◽  
Donald C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Prostate Weight ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Normal Males

ABSTRACT The effects of various doses of testosterone propionate (TP) upon the release of luteinizing hormone (LH or ICSH) from the hypophysis of a gonadectomized male or female rat were compared. Prostate weight in hypophysectomized male parabiotic partners was used to evaluate the quantity of circulating LH. Hypophyseal LH was measured by the ovarian ascorbic acid depletion method. Males castrated when 45 days old secreted significantly more LH and had three times the amount of pituitary LH as ovariectomized females. Administration of 25 μg TP daily reduced the amount of LH in the plasma, and increased the amount in the pituitary gland, in both sexes. Treatment with 50 μg caused a further reduction in plasma LH in males, but not in females, while pituitary levels in both were equal to that of their respective controls. LH fell to the same low level in partners of males or females receiving 100 μg TP. When gonadectomized at 39 days, males and females had the same amount of plasma LH, but males had more stored hormone. Pituitary levels were unchanged from controls following treatment with 12.5, 25 or 50 μg TP daily, but plasma values dropped an equal amount in both sexes with the latter two doses. Androgenized males or females, gonadectomized when 39 days old, were very sensitive to the effects of TP and plasma LH was significantly reduced with 12.5 μg daily. Pituitary LH in androgenized males was higher than that of normal males but was reduced to normal by small amounts of TP. The amount of stored LH in androgenized females was not different from that of normal females and it was unchanged by any dose of TP tested. Results are consistent with the conclusion that the male hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis is at least as sensitive as the female axis to the negative feedback effects of TP. Androgenization increases the sensitivity to TP in both males and females.

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