Depression, pain, and site:

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Molina Omar Franklin ◽  
Tavares Gimenes Pablo ◽  
Aquilino Raphael ◽  
Rank Rise ◽  
Coelho Santos Zeila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Internal Joint ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Biomechanical Tests

Objective: To assess the level of depression, severity of pain and pain in single/multiple sites in patients with different severity of bruxing behavior and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs). Methods: We evaluated 131 patients with bruxism and TMDs: 20 patients with mild bruxism, 42 patients with moderate bruxism, 45 patients with severe bruxism and 24 patients with extreme bruxism. We used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), clinical examination, a questionnaire of clinical epidemiological data, criteria for TMDs and bruxism, palpation of muscles and joints, the Visual Analogue Scale for pain, classification of the occlusion and biomechanical tests to assess for internal joint derangements. Results: The level of depression increased from the mild, to the moderate, severe and extreme bruxing behavior groups, but the difference was significant only from the mild to the extreme group (p<0.001). Pain levels increased from the mild and moderate to the severe and extreme subgroups, but were not statistically significant. Mean number of pain sites increased from the mild, to the moderate, severe and extreme subgroup and the difference was extremely significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Levels of depression, severity of pain and pain sites increased with severity of bruxing behavior. A higher number of pain sites with more severe bruxism indicates somatization in bruxers, but a further study using the same protocol and a psychological test for somatization would be indicated to further substantiate these findings.

scholarly journals Depression, pain, and site

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Molina Omar Franklin ◽  
Tavares Gimenes Pablo ◽  
Aquilino Raphael ◽  
Rank Rise ◽  
Zeila Santos Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Internal Joint ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Biomechanical Tests

Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de depressão, severidade da dor e dor em locais únicos e múltiplos em pacientes com diversos graus de bruxismo e Distúrbios Temporomandibulares (DTMs). Método: Nós avaliamos 131 pacientes com bruxismo e DTMs: 20 pacientes com bruxismo leve, 42 com bruxismo moderado, 45 com bruxismo severo e 24 com bruxismo extremo. Nos usamos o Questionário de Depressão de Beck, exame clínico, um questionário para dados epidemiológicos, critérios para Distúrbios Temporomandibulares e bruxismo, palpação dos músculos e articulações, a escala análoga visual para avaliar dor, classificação da oclusão e testes biomecânicos para avaliar distúrbios internos articulares. Resultados: O nível de depressão aumentou do grupo leve para o moderado, severo e extremo de pacientes com bruxismo, mas a diferença foi significante somente do grupo leve para o extremo (p<0.001). O nível de dor aumentou dos grupos leve e moderado para o severo e extremo, mas a diferença não foi significante. O número médio de locais com dor aumentou do grupo leve para os grupos moderado, severo e extremo e a diferença foi estatística e extremamente significante (p><0.0001). Conclusão: Os níveis de depressão, severidade da dor e locais com dor aumentaram com a severidade do bruxismo. Um número maior de locais com dor foi observado a medida que aumentou a severidade do bruxismo. Isto pode indicar somatização nesses pacientes, mas um estudo adicional usando o mesmo protocolo e um teste psicológico para somatização seria indicado para substanciar adicionalmente estes achados>Objective: To assess the level of depression, severity of pain and pain in single/multiple sites in patients with different severity of bruxing behavior and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs). Methods: We evaluated 131 patients with bruxism and TMDs: 20 patients with mild bruxism, 42 patients with moderate bruxism, 45 patients with severe bruxism and 24 patients with extreme bruxism. We used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), clinical examination, a questionnaire of clinical epidemiological data, criteria for TMDs and bruxism, palpation of muscles and joints, the Visual Analogue Scale for pain, classification of the occlusion and biomechanical tests to assess for internal joint derangements. Results: The level of depression increased from the mild, to the moderate, severe and extreme bruxing behavior groups, but the difference was significant only from the mild to the extreme group (p <0.001). Pain levels increased from the mild and moderate to the severe and extreme subgroups, but were not statistically significant. Mean number of pain sites increased from the mild, to the moderate, severe and extreme subgroup and the difference was extremely significant (p><0.0001). Conclusion: Levels of depression, severity of pain and pain sites increased with severity of bruxing behavior. A higher number of pain sites with more severe bruxism indicates somatization in bruxers, but a further study using the same protocol and a psychological test for somatization would be indicated to further substantiate these findings.>

scholarly journals Anxiety in craniomandibular disorders and bruxing behavior patients: The role of pain in single and multiple sites and severity of bruxing behavior. Part I

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Molina OF ◽  
Sobreira MA ◽  
Tavares PG ◽  
Dib JE ◽  
Aquilino RN
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Craniomandibular Disorders ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Objective: To assess the level of anxiety in patients with bruxing behavior and craniomandibular disorders (CMD). Methods: We evaluated 108 patients with bruxism and CMD, 20 patients with mild bruxism, 32 with moderate, 36 with severe and 20 extreme. We used the Test of Manifested Anxiety of Taylor (TMAS), clinical examination, a questionnaire of clinical-epidemiological data and the criteria for CMD: clinical examination, palpation of muscle and joints, the Visual Analogue Scale for pain. We also introduced an empirical scale to classify the level of anxiety as absent or mild, moderate, severe and very severe. Results: The level of anxiety increased from the mild to the moderate, severe, and extreme bruxing groups but the difference was only significant from the severe to the other three groups of bruxers (p <0.05). The level of pain also increased from the mild to the extreme group of bruxers but the difference was not statistically significant. When we analyzed the site of pain, there were differences but not significant (p><0.07). The correlation’s painful sites anxiety, severity of bruxing behavior - anxiety, and severity of bruxism number of painful sites, were significant (p><0.02, p><0.05, and p><0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: Using our empirical criteria, levels of moderate and severe anxiety predominated in the group of 108 CMD and bruxing behavior patients. >

scholarly journals Effects of intralesional platelet-rich plasma in the patients with lateral epicondylitis of elbow

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tariqul Islam ◽  
M. A. Shakoor ◽  
Afsana Mahjabin ◽  
Md. Ali Emran
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Tennis Elbow ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Lateral Epicondylitis ◽  
Activity Of Daily Living ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Plasma Injection ◽  
The Difference

Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) is a major cause of musculoskeletal pain involving common extensor origin of the forearm. This study was done to determine the effects of platelet-rich plasma on 15 patients with lateral epicondylitis. Selected patients were given intralesional platelet-rich plasma injection, activity of daily living instructions and paracetamol. Patients were assessed every 14 days interval by visual analogue scale, and the patient rated tennis elbow evaluation. Treatment response according to visual analogue scale and patient rated tennis elbow evaluation tool, the difference of improvement was found in respect to time, from pretreatment W1 (just before 1st Intervention) score to W11 score in every alternate week (p<0.005). This indicates that intralesional platelet-rich plasma is effective in the patients with lateral epicondylitis of elbow.

scholarly journals The reproducibility of subjective appetite scores

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Raben ◽  
ANNA TAGLIABUE ◽  
Arne Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Differences

Although subjective appetite scores are widely used, studies on the reproducibility of this method are scarce. In the present study nine healthy, normal weight, young men recorded their subjective appetite sensations before and during 5 h after two different test meals A and B. The subjects tested each meal twice and in randomized order. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, 10 cm in length, were used to assess hunger, satiety, fullness, prospective food consumption and palatability of the meals. Plasma glucose and lactate concentrations were determined concomitantly. The repeatability was investigated for fasting values, Δ-mean 5 h and mean 5 h values, Δ-peak/nadir and peak/nadir values. Although the profiles of the postprandial responses were similar, the coefficients of repeatability (CR = 2SD) on the mean differences were large, ranging from 2·86 to 5.24 cm for fasting scores, 1·36 to 1·88 cm for mean scores, 2·98 to 5·42 cm for Δ-mean scores, and 3·16 to 6·44 cm for peak and Δ-peak scores. For palatability ratings the CK values varied more, ranging from 2·38 (taste) to 8·70 cm (aftertaste). Part of the difference in satiety ratings could be explained by the differences in palatability ratings. However, the low reproducibility may also be caused by a conditioned satiation or hunger due to the subjects' prior experience of the meals and therefore not just be a reflection of random noise. It is likely, however, that the variation in appetite ratings is due both to methodological day-to-day variation and to biological day-to-day variation in subjective appetite sensations.

Analysis of reproducibility, evaluation, and preference of the new iC100 rebound tonometer versus iCare PRO and Perkins portable applanation tonometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1349-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Molero-Senosiaín ◽  
Laura Morales-Fernández ◽  
Federico Saenz-Francés ◽  
Julian García-Feijoo ◽  
Jose María Martínez-de-la-Casa
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Rebound Tonometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Mean Time

Objectives: To analyze the reproducibility of the new iC100 rebound tonometer, to compare its results with the applanation tonometry and iCare PRO and to evaluate the preference between them. Materials and methods: For the study of reproducibility, 15 eyes of 15 healthy Caucasian subjects were included. Three measurements were taken each day in three separate sessions. For the comparative study, 150 eyes of 150 Caucasian subjects were included (75 normal subjects and 75 patients with glaucoma). Three consecutive measurements were collected with each tonometer, randomizing the order of use. The discomfort caused by each tonometer was evaluated using the visual analogue scale. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected between sessions. In the comparison between tonometers, the measurements with iC100 were statistically lower than those of Perkins (−1.35 ± 0.417, p = 0.004) and that iCare PRO (−1.41 ± 0.417, p = 0.002). The difference between PRO and Perkins was not statistically significant ( p = 0.990). The mean time of measurement (in seconds) with iC100 was significantly lower than with Perkins (6.74 ± 1.46 vs 15.53 ± 2.01, p < 0.001) and that PRO (6.74 ± 1.46 vs 11.53 ± 1.85, p < 0.001). Visual analogue scale score with iC100 was lower than Perkins (1.33 ± 0.99 vs 1.73 ± 1.10, p < 0.05). In total, 61.7% preferred iC100 against Perkins. Conclusion: The reproducibility of this instrument has been proven good. iC100 underestimates intraocular pressure compared to applanation tonometry at normal values and tends to overestimate it in high intraocular pressure values. Most of the subjects preferred iC100 tonometer.

scholarly journals Outcome of One and Two Visit Root Canal Treatment of Irreversible Pulpitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Md Abdur Rahim ◽  
Md Nurul Amin ◽  
Khurshid Mahmood ◽  
Sibbir Ahmed Osmani ◽  
Abul Kalam Md Faruq
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Single Visit ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis

Objective: The present prospective comparative clinical trial was undertaken to compare the outcomes of single and two-visit root canal treatment of irreversible pulpitis. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics of Dhaka Dental College on patients who presented with pain due to irreversible pulpitis. Patients with single-rooted teeth with uncomplicated canal and full-formed apex having irreversible pulpitis were included. However, pregnant women or patients under treatment of antibiotics, cortiosteiods or suffering from any systemic diseases or immuno-compromised patients or patients having teeth with calcified canal or periodontal disease were excluded. A total of 80 patients who met the eligibility criteria were consecutively included and were randomly assigned to either one-visit (n = 40) or two-visit (n = 40) treatment groups. Data were kept on pulp vitality status, the presence or absence of pre-operative pain and degree of post obturation pain at 6, 12, 24, 48 hours and 1 week postoperatively. The outcome variable was intensity of pain which was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS) as 0 = no pain, 1 = slight pain or discomfort, 2 = moderate pain relieved by analgesic, 3 = moderate to severe pain not completely relieved by analgesics and 4 = severe pain or swelling not relieved by analgesics and required unscheduled visit. Result: Forty percent of the patients in the two-visit group did not have any pain (measured in terms of visual analogue scale) at 12 hours compared to 25% in the single visit group, although the difference did not turn significant (p = 0.580). Likewise the proportion of patients without pain in the two-visit group was considerably higher (52.5%) at 24 hours than that in the single-visit group (45%) (p = 0.852). Improvement in pain sensation was reported to be significantly higher in the two-visit group (as 95% of the patients did not complain any pain) at 48 hours than that in the single-visit group (80% of the patients did not complain any pain) (p = 0.015). None of the patients of either group complained of pain one week postoperatively. Conclusion: Compared to single-visit, two-visit root canal treatment showed better results in terms of intensity of post-obturation pain at 12, 24 and 48 hours after root canal treatment for irreversible pulpitis. Ibrahim Card Med J 2015; 5 (1&2): 45-48

scholarly journals Alternative Agents to Prevent Fogging in Head and Neck Endoscopy

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMENT.S6597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patorn Piromchai ◽  
Pornthep Kasemsiri ◽  
Sanguansak Thanaviratananich
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Background The essential factor for diagnosis and treatment of diseases in head and neck endoscopy is the visibility of the image. An anti-fogging agent can reduce this problem by minimizing surface tension to prevent the condensation of water in the form of small droplets on a surface. There is no report on the use of hibiscrub® or baby shampoo to reduce fogging in the literature. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy between commercial anti-fogging agent, hibiscrub® and baby shampoo to reduce fogging for the use in head and neck endoscopy. Methods The study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University in August 2010. Commercial anti-fogging agent, baby shampoo and hibiscrub® were applied on rigid endoscope lens before putting them into a mist generator. The images were taken at baseline, 15 seconds, 30 seconds and 1 minute. The images' identifiers were removed before they were sent to two evaluators. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to rate the image quality from 0 to 10. Results The difference in mean VAS score between anti-fogging agent, baby shampoo and hibiscrub® versus no agent were 5.46, 4.45 and 2.1 respectively. The commercial anti-fogging agent and baby shampoo had most protective benefit and performed significantly better than no agent ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Baby shampoo is an effective agent to prevent fogging during head and neck endoscopy and compares favourably with commercial anti-fogging agent.

scholarly journals Therapeutic observation of electroacupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Tiantian Hu ◽  
Lihua Shen ◽  
Yijie Du
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Point Injection ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electroacupuncture Treatment

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: In total 75 patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into electroacupuncture with point injection group (37 patients), and electroacupuncture group (38 patients). Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were observed before and after three treatment interventions, and the clinical efficacies were compared. Results: The total effective rates were 91.9% and 86.8%, and the difference was not significant ([Formula: see text]). Conclusions: Electroacupuncture with point injection and electroacupuncture are effective methods in treating primary dysmenorrhea, and the difference between the two groups is not statistically significant.

Favorable Responsiveness of the Hand10 Questionnaire to Assess Treatment Outcomes for Lateral Epicondylitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanobu Nishizuka ◽  
Katsuyuki Iwatsuki ◽  
Shigeru Kurimoto ◽  
Michiro Yamamoto ◽  
Tetsuro Onishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Lateral Epicondylitis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pain Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Standardized Response Mean

Background: The aim of our study was to compare the responsiveness of the Hand10 questionnaire and the Pain visual analogue scale (VAS) for the assessment of lateral epicondylitis. Methods: The standardized response mean and effect size were used as indicators of responsiveness, measured at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. Among the 54 patients enrolled, 28 were treated using a forearm band, compress and stretching, with the other 26 patients treated using compress and stretching. Results: The standardized response mean and the effect size were 1.18 and 1.38, respectively, of the Hand10 and 1.39 and 1.75, respectively, for the Pain VAS. Conclusions: The responsiveness of both tests was considered to be large, based on Cohen’s classification of effect size, supporting the use of the Hand10 questionnaire to assess treatment outcomes for lateral epicondylitis.

scholarly journals The validity of the Shona version of the EQ-5D, of life measure

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Jelsma
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Life Measure ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Introduction: The EQ-5D, a generic health related quality of life measure developed in Europe, has been recently translated into Shona, the language of the majority of Zimbabweans. Although the reliability of the Shona version of the EQ-5D has been established within a community setting, the reliability and validity of the measure within a group of Shona speaking people with disabilities has not been examined.Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the reliability and concurrent validity of the Shona version of the EQ-5D, within the context of a house-to-house survey of disability in a high-density area of Harare, Zimbabwe.Methods: As part of a house-to-house survey of disability in a high-density area in Zimbabwe, 588 Shona speaking subjects with disability/morbidity or their proxies were asked to respond to the Shona version of the EQ-5D questionnaire. Those who were able to understand the concept filled in the visual analogue scale.  A testretest was done to determine the reliability of the EQ-5D.  Timed walking was used to investigate the validity of thedomain of mobility and the International Classification of Impairment, Disability and Handicap Beta Draft  (ICIDH2) was used as the gold standard for usual activities and self care. The concurrent validity of the anxiety/depression domain was determined against the Shona Symptom Questionnaire, which is a validated screen for depression in the Zimbabwe population. No measure of pain could be found which had been validated in Zimbabwe.Data analysis: The Intraclass-correlation  (ICC) and Pearson’s correlation co-efficient were used to determine the test re-test reliability of the descriptor section and visual analogue scale of the EQ-5D respectively. The t-test, ANOVA, and post-hoc Scheffe test were used to compare the EQ-5D with the measures of function.Results:Each domain of the Shona EQ-5D demonstrated reliability on the test re-test (ICC ranging from .58 for self care to .85 for mobility, p<.01).  The first and second scores on the visual analogue scale were significantly correlated  ( Pearson’s r=.79, p<.001).  Those who reported no problems with mobility walked significantly faster than those who reported some problems with mobility (t=-6.2, p<.001). The mean number of activity limitations using the International Classification of Functioning was significantly different between  those who reported no, some or severe limitations inusual activities  (F=39.9 p<.001).  Of those reporting no, some and severe problems with self-care .6%, 13.6% and 62.5% respectively were found to have functional limitation in dressing on the ICIDH2  (the numbers were too small to apply statistical analysis). There was a significant difference between the mean number of affirmative answers in the Shona Symptom Questionnaire in respondents who reported no, moderate and severe problems with anxiety/depression  (F=70.7, p<.001).Discussion and conclusion: It is concluded that the EQ-5D is a robust indicator of health related quality of life across different cultures. It is suggested that the Shona version of the EQ-5D can be used with confidence in a sample of Shona speaking subjects. Physiotherapists in the region are encouraged to translate and validate questionnaires to ensure that research with non-English speaking members of the Southern African population is performed with appropriate instrumentation

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