CHICKENPOX AND ITS COMMON COMPLICATIONS

2017 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Thi Ai Liên Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Chicken Pox ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Bacterial Superinfection

Chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by the Varicella-Zostervirus (VZV), this is a virus in the family of Herpesviridae. It’s characterized by fever, skin rash and mucocutaneous rash. Chickenpox is widely distributed disease with varying in age, seasons, climate, and resident of people . Mother-to-child transmission of the virus can occur during pregnancy, during delivery and after birth. In people who have had chickenpox, after the cure, a few viruses exist in the nerves sensing the spine in the form of latent, silent. When conditions are favorable (triggers) such as immunodeficiency, stress, radiation therapy, cancer, HIV infection ... the virus reacts, multiplies and spreads, causing inflammation and necrosis of the nerve in shingles (Zona). Chickenpox is a benign disease but it can also cause many complications in severe cases and which is not properly treated. Complications of dermatitis due to bacterial superinfection, the peanut note to pus, when cured can leave scar. In patients with severe malnutrition, nodules may be necrotic. The most severe complication is encephalitis, meningitis that are very dangerous, which can cause dead if delayed to hospital and emergency care is not timely. The disease can spread rapidly in the community, but there are active measures to prevent chicken pox, which is vaccination. Key words: Chickenpox, Varicella-Zostervirus (VZV)

scholarly journals Qualitative evidence synthesis of values and preferences to inform infant feeding in the context of non-HIV transmission risk

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242669
Author(s):  
Christopher Carroll ◽  
Andrew Booth ◽  
Fiona Campbell ◽  
Clare Relton
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Mother To Child

Background Breastfeeding is recommended by many organisations, but feeding choices can take on complexity against a backdrop of a transmissible infection risk. The aim of this synthesis is to explore what is known about the values and preferences of pregnant women, mothers, family members and health practitioners, policy makers and providers (midwives) concerning feeding when there is a risk of Mother-to-Child transmission [MTCT] of an infectious disease (other than HIV/AIDS) to infants (0–2 years of age). Methods A qualitative evidence synthesis and GRADE CERQual assessment of relevant studies of values and preferences regarding infant feeding options in the context of non-HIV MTCT risk. Results The synthesis included eight qualitative studies. Four studies focussed on human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), three studies on Ebola, and one study on influenza vaccination. Mothers reported feeling sadness and guilt at not breastfeeding, while recognising that it was important for the health of their baby not to breastfeed. Mothers were reportedly appreciative of the provision of appropriate facilities, and the advice of those health professionals who knew about the diseases, but felt other professionals lacked knowledge about the transmission risk of conditions such as HTLV-1. All groups expressed concerns about social perceptions of not breastfeeding, as well as the alternatives. The evidence was coherent and relevant, but there were serious concerns about adequacy and methodological limitations, such as potential social desirability bias in some studies. Conclusions This synthesis describes the reported values and preferences of pregnant women, mothers, and others concerning feeding when there is a risk of Mother-to-Child transmission (MTCT) of an infectious disease (other than HIV/AIDS) to an infant when breastfeeding. However, the evidence in the peer-reviewed literature is limited both in quality and quantity.

scholarly journals Praktik Sosial Pengasuhan Anak Terinfeksi HIV dan AIDS dalam Keluarga di Kota Padang : Studi EnamKeluarga dengan Anak Terinfeksi HIV/AIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Muharman Muharman ◽  
Jendrius Jendrius ◽  
Indradin Indradin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Support System ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
The Family ◽  
Main Support ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv Aids

Child Protection Regulation in Indonesia believes the family as the main support system for children with various problems including HIV / AIDS. This policy is based on the view that places the family as the main institution of child protection. Because people with HIV / AIDS are still stigmatized, this is a family challenge to provide care for children with HIV / AIDS. The challenge is between telling the child's HIV / AIDS status to get broader support in care, by avoiding stigmatization. In this dilemma the questions that will be answered in this article are what are parents doing in caring for children infected with HIV / AIDS, how to avoid stigma from the social environment, what social structures are able to block and hinder the quality of care and care. This research uses a qualitative method based on case studies of 6 families with children infected with HIV / AIDS through the mother to child transmission pathway. This article shows that HIV / AIDS infection through mother-to-child transmission can also describe negative parental risk behaviors according to community moral standards. Parents try to hide the infection status of their children from other family members by moving from one place to another. This strategy of avoiding stigmatization does not affect health care and treatment even if their status is known by existing health care units. However, there is anxiety that their child's family will not get their rights to education, social relations and other social support needed for growth and development, if their HIV / AIDS status is opened. Thus the results of this study demanded the reengagement of the family as the main support system for the care and care of children with HIV / AIDS. The limitation of this study is that the children studied are infected from mother to child transmission, so children who are transmitted in other ways have not been revealed by this study.

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: developing integration of healthcare programmes with clinical, social and basic research studies

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348
Author(s):  
Menu E ◽  
Scarlatti G ◽  
Barré-Sinoussi F ◽  
Gray G ◽  
Bollinger B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Research Studies

Community Based HIV Screening in Pregnant Women and Provision of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission Care in Rural Zambia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Shilalukey Ngoma ◽  
Tepa Nkumbula ◽  
Wilbroad Mutale ◽  
Chabala Chishala ◽  
Reuben Mbewe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rural Zambia ◽  
Mother To Child

Update in management of hepatitis B in pregnancy and prevention of mother to child hepatitis B transmission

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naichaya Chamroonkul
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
World Population ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child

Even with two decades of widespread using hepatitis B vaccination, chronic hepatitis B remains a major global health problem. In Thailand, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection was down from 8 - 10% in last decade to 5% recently. Failure to control mother to child transmission is one of the important barriers to the total elimination of hepatitis B infection from world population. In the majority, vertical transmission can be prevented with a universal screening program, immunoprophylaxis by administration of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) for babies born to mothers with HBV. However, in mothers with a high viral load, the chance of immunoprophylaxis failure remains high. To date, there are standard recommendations by all international liver societies including AASLD, EASL and APASL suggest introducing an antiviral agent during the third trimester to CHB pregnant women with a high viral load. Previous US FDA pregnancy category B agents such as Tenofovir and Telbivudine are allowed through all trimesters of pregnancy and are effective for prevention of mother to child transmission. Breastfeeding for patients who receive antiviral agents can be allowed after a risk-benefit discussion with the patient and family.

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