scholarly journals Microbial lipases and their applications – a review

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-76
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Fungal Enzymes ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Medical Textile ◽  
Microbial Lipases ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Secretory System

This review focuses on the key aspects of lipases. Lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) are triacylglycerol acylhydrolases that act on carboxylic ester bonds. They breakdown triacylglycerides into glycerides (diglycerides or monoglycerides), fatty acids and glycerol. Their mass ranges from 19 kDa for B. stratosphericus to 92 kDa for P. gessardii. Their optimum temperature and pH ranges from 15 °C to 80 °C for Acinetobacter sp. and Janibacter sp. and 5 to 11 for P. gessardii and E. faecium respectively. Lipases chemo-, regio-, and enantio- specific features make them first choice of enzymes in research. Their kinetics for substrate hydrolysis depends on different esters. Mostly lipases are extracellular. Type 1 secretory system (T1SS) and Type 2 secretory system (T2SS) are involved in secreting lipases to external medium. They are found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes including animals, plants and microorganisms. Moreover, bacterial and fungal enzymes have diverse industrial applications in food, health, pharmaceutical, medical, textile, detergent, cosmetic and paper industries. Genetic engineering is employed to improve the properties of lipases. Their increasing demand in market has made them a hot topic in scientific research. Scientists are trying to discover novel lipase producing microorganisms due to their expanding commercial value. Keywords: Lipases, esterification, transesterification, biochemical and physicochemical properties, recombinant DNA technology

scholarly journals Development Of A Gradient System For The Establishment Of Cellulolytic Microbial Communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Consolidated Bioprocessing ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Gradient System ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Feasible Alternative

Cellulosic ethanol has shown promise as a feasible alternative fuel, especially if the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is done through a single step process known as consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). A major challenge for CBP, especially for large-scale industrial applications is the inhibition of celluloytic microorganisms by ethanol. While recombinant DNA technology and microbial acclimatization by exposure have resulted in some increase in ethanol tolerance, the search remains for robust bacteria that can proliferate in industrially-relevant conditions. This study applied an anaerobic gradient system to provide a continous spatial pathway for the selection of cellulolytic consortia with increased tolerance to ethanol. DGGE analysis showed that increasing concentrations of ethanol impacts the community profile. Biofilm formation of cellulose degrading communities has been found to be influenced by species diversity. Environmental gradients have shown promise for selective enrichment of cellulolytic consortia at desired conditions required for industrial application.

scholarly journals Development Of A Gradient System For The Establishment Of Cellulolytic Microbial Communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Consolidated Bioprocessing ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Gradient System ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Feasible Alternative

Cellulosic ethanol has shown promise as a feasible alternative fuel, especially if the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is done through a single step process known as consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). A major challenge for CBP, especially for large-scale industrial applications is the inhibition of celluloytic microorganisms by ethanol. While recombinant DNA technology and microbial acclimatization by exposure have resulted in some increase in ethanol tolerance, the search remains for robust bacteria that can proliferate in industrially-relevant conditions. This study applied an anaerobic gradient system to provide a continous spatial pathway for the selection of cellulolytic consortia with increased tolerance to ethanol. DGGE analysis showed that increasing concentrations of ethanol impacts the community profile. Biofilm formation of cellulose degrading communities has been found to be influenced by species diversity. Environmental gradients have shown promise for selective enrichment of cellulolytic consortia at desired conditions required for industrial application.

Industrial applications of recombinant DNA technology

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Jones ◽  
Jeffrey T. Fayerman
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Dna Technology

Recent Molecular Approaches for Development of Value-Added Products From Lignocellulosic Food Waste

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Javed Abdulsalam Mulla
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Value Added Products

The escalating global population has led to an ever-increasing demand for food processing industries, and as a result, the generation of huge amounts of food waste. The severity of this problem is augmented due to dawdling development of effective waste treatment and disposal strategies. In a quest of potential alternative bioenergy resources, lignocellulose is proven to be a good, abundantly available raw material on the land as a leftover of agricultural and industrial byproduct made up cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. It is mostly utilized for biofuels, bio-ethanol production, and other value-added products. The development of the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fine chemicals still remains a big challenge. The deciphering molecular mechanism and effective cellulase and hemicellulases producing microorganisms might successfully be accomplished with transcriptome, proteome, and recombinant DNA technology; these are discussed in this chapter.

Enzymatic Synthesis of 15N-L-aspartic Acid Using Recombinant Aspartase from Escherichia Coli K12

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Lupan ◽  
Sergiu Chira ◽  
Maria Chiriac ◽  
Nicolae Palibroda ◽  
Octavian Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Industrial Enzymes ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Natural Protein ◽  
Novel Method

Amino acids are obtained by bacterial fermentation, extraction from natural protein or enzymatic synthesis from specific substrates. With the introduction of recombinant DNA technology, it has become possible to apply more rational approaches to enzymatic synthesis of amino acids. Aspartase (L-aspartate ammonia-lyase) catalyzes the reversible deamination of L-aspartic acid to yield fumaric acid and ammonia. It is one of the most important industrial enzymes used to produce L-aspartic acid on a large scale. Here we described a novel method for [15N] L-aspartic synthesis from fumarate and ammonia (15NH4Cl) using a recombinant aspartase.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of the reproducibility of residual stress measurements in cold extruded parts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Jaeger ◽  
Alessandro Franceschi ◽  
Holger Hoche ◽  
Peter Groche ◽  
Matthias Oechsner
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cold Extrusion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractCold extruded components are characterized by residual stresses, which originate from the experienced manufacturing process. For industrial applications, reproducibility and homogeneity of the final components are key aspects for an optimized quality control. Although striving to obtain identical deformation and surface conditions, fluctuation in the manufacturing parameters and contact shear conditions during the forming process may lead to variations of the spatial residual stress distribution in the final product. This could lead to a dependency of the residual stress measurement results on the relative axial and circumferential position on the sample. An attempt to examine this problem is made by the employment of design of experiments (DoE) methods. A statistical analysis of the residual stress results generated through X-Ray diffraction is performed. Additionally, the ability of cold extrusion processes to generate uniform stress states is analyzed on specimens of austenitic stainless steel 1.4404 and possible correlations with the pre-deformed condition are statistically examined. Moreover, the influence of the coating, consisting of oxalate and a MoS2 based lubricant, on the X-Ray diffraction measurements of the surface is investigated.

scholarly journals Protein-Engineered Polymers Functionalized with Antimicrobial Peptides for the Development of Active Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5352
Author(s):  
Ana Margarida Pereira ◽  
Diana Gomes ◽  
André da Costa ◽  
Simoni Campos Dias ◽  
Margarida Casal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Antimicrobial Materials

Antibacterial resistance is a major worldwide threat due to the increasing number of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria with medical devices being a major source of these infections. This suggests the need for new antimicrobial biomaterial designs able to withstand the increasing pressure of antimicrobial resistance. Recombinant protein polymers (rPPs) are an emerging class of nature-inspired biopolymers with unique chemical, physical and biological properties. These polymers can be functionalized with antimicrobial molecules utilizing recombinant DNA technology and then produced in microbial cell factories. In this work, we report the functionalization of rPBPs based on elastin and silk-elastin with different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These polymers were produced in Escherichia coli, successfully purified by employing non-chromatographic processes, and used for the production of free-standing films. The antimicrobial activity of the materials was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and results showed that the polymers demonstrated antimicrobial activity, pointing out the potential of these biopolymers for the development of new advanced antimicrobial materials.

scholarly journals Biotin Production by Using Recombinant DNA Technology

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (Special) ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
O. IFUKU ◽  
S. HAZE ◽  
J. KISHIMOTO ◽  
M. YANAGI
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Dna Technology
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