Faculty Opinions recommendation of Ecological correlates and conservation implications of overestimating species geographic ranges.

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Malanson
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Ecological Correlates

Influence of climate change on the predicted distributions of the genus Tympanoctomys (Rodentia, Hystricomorpha, Octodontidae), and their conservation implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 1364-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Tarquino-Carbonell ◽  
Ricardo A Ojeda ◽  
Agustina A Ojeda
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Historical Distribution ◽  
Present Distribution

Abstract Viscacha rats (genus Tympanoctomys Yepes, 1942) are ecologically, physiologically, and behaviorally unusual octodontid rodents endemic to the Monte and Patagonian desert biomes of Argentina. The geographic ranges of the different species of Tympanoctomys have been described in general terms but have not been associated with spatial and climate data. Within species, populations are patchily distributed and genetically distinct. We investigated the predicted distribution of Tympanoctomys and the influence of climate fluctuations on their geographic range in historical, current, and future, scenarios. Our objectives were to characterize the environmental niche of the genus, propose a paleoclimatic context for the oldest fossils, characterize the environmental niches for T. barrerae and T. kirchnerorum, and forecast potential future distributions for these taxa. Ecological niche models were constructed using occurrence records from 1941 to the present wherein we identified several precipitation and temperature variables as important predictors of the geographic distributions of the genus, and the species T. barrerae and T. kirchnerorum. Based on our models’ results, we hypothesize that the distribution of Tympanoctomys has contracted from historical to modern times. At the species level, T. kirchnerorum likely experienced the most dramatic change, suffering a large contraction of its historical distribution resulting in its limited present distribution. Given these findings, projected future climate fluctuations and global warming are expected to affect the distributions and persistence of these species.

scholarly journals A new species of pygmy mole cricket (Orthoptera: Tridactylidae) from the Lake Wales ridge of Florida and new records of Ellipes eisneri from the northern Brooksville ridge

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Brandon Woo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Mole Cricket ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Mole Crickets ◽  
Lake Wales Ridge ◽  
A New Species

Pygmy mole crickets (Orthoptera: Tridactylidae) are usually associated with the edges of ponds and streams, but in the sandy uplands of Florida, at least two lineages of these insects have evolved to live in xeric scrub and sandhill habitats. Very little work has been done with scrub tridactylids since they are tiny and often difficult to collect. In this paper, the pygmy mole cricket Ellipes deyrupisp. nov. is described from the northern Lake Wales Ridge of Florida. It is sympatric at all known locations with another scrub tridactylid, Neotridactylus archboldi Deyrup & Eisner, but has not been found co-occurring with the closely related Ellipes eisneri Deyrup. The habits of this new species are convergent with both N. archboldi and E. eisneri. In addition, new records of Ellipes eisneri are presented, extending this species’ known distribution to the Northern Brooksville Ridge. Both species of scrub Ellipes are found in restricted geographic ranges and suffer from a lack of study and recognition. Conservation implications for these two species are discussed.

scholarly journals Mitogenomics of the endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) reveals dramatic loss of diversity and supports historical gene-flow between Atlantic and eastern Mediterranean populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Rey-Iglesia ◽  
Philippe Gaubert ◽  
Gonçalo Espregueira Themudo ◽  
Rosa Pires ◽  
Constanza De La Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract The Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus is one of the most threatened marine mammals, with only 600–700 individuals restricted to three populations off the coast of Western Sahara and Madeira (North Atlantic) and between Greece and Turkey (eastern Mediterranean). Its original range was from the Black Sea (eastern Mediterranean) to Gambia (western African coast), but was drastically reduced by commercial hunting and human persecution since the early stages of marine exploitation. We here analyse 42 mitogenomes of Mediterranean monk seals, from across their present and historical geographic ranges to assess the species population dynamics over time. Our data show a decrease in genetic diversity in the last 200 years. Extant individuals presented an almost four-fold reduction in genetic diversity when compared to historical specimens. We also detect, for the first time, a clear segregation between the two North Atlantic populations, Madeira and Cabo Blanco, regardless of their geographical proximity. Moreover, we show the presence of historical gene-flow between the two water basins, the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, and the presence of at least one extinct maternal lineage in the Mediterranean. Our work demonstrates the advantages of using full mitogenomes in phylogeographic and conservation genomic studies of threatened species.

scholarly journals Ecological correlates of extinction risk in Chinese terrestrial mammals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingying Shuai ◽  
Chuanwu Chen ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Wenyan Xu ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Ecological Correlates

scholarly journals Phylogeography in an “oyster” shell provides first insights into the genetic structure of an extinct Ostrea edulis population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hayer ◽  
Dirk Brandis ◽  
Alexander Immel ◽  
Julian Susat ◽  
Montserrat Torres-Oliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ostrea Edulis ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
The North

AbstractThe historical phylogeography of Ostrea edulis was successfully depicted in its native range for the first time using ancient DNA methods on dry shells from museum collections. This research reconstructed the historical population structure of the European flat oyster across Europe in the 1870s—including the now extinct population in the Wadden Sea. In total, four haplogroups were identified with one haplogroup having a patchy distribution from the North Sea to the Atlantic coast of France. This irregular distribution could be the result of translocations. The other three haplogroups are restricted to narrow geographic ranges, which may indicate adaptation to local environmental conditions or geographical barriers to gene flow. The phylogenetic reconstruction of the four haplogroups suggests the signatures of glacial refugia and postglacial expansion. The comparison with present-day O. edulis populations revealed a temporally stable population genetic pattern over the past 150 years despite large-scale translocations. This historical phylogeographic reconstruction was able to discover an autochthonous population in the German and Danish Wadden Sea in the late nineteenth century, where O. edulis is extinct today. The genetic distinctiveness of a now-extinct population hints at a connection between the genetic background of O. edulis in the Wadden Sea and for its absence until today.

scholarly journals Geographic Distribution and Phylogeny of Soricine Shrew-Borne Seewis Virus and Altai Virus in Russia

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Liudmila N. Yashina ◽  
Sergey A. Abramov ◽  
Alexander V. Zhigalin ◽  
Natalia A. Smetannikova ◽  
Tamara A. Dupal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Common Shrew ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Far Eastern Russia ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Eastern Russia

The discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) in multiple species of shrews, moles and bats has revealed a complex evolutionary history involving cross-species transmission. Seewis virus (SWSV) is widely distributed throughout the geographic ranges of its soricid hosts, including the Eurasian common shrew (Sorex araneus), tundra shrew (Sorex tundrensis) and Siberian large-toothed shrew (Sorex daphaenodon), suggesting host sharing. In addition, genetic variants of SWSV, previously named Artybash virus (ARTV) and Amga virus, have been detected in the Laxmann’s shrew (Sorex caecutiens). Here, we describe the geographic distribution and phylogeny of SWSV and Altai virus (ALTV) in Asian Russia. The complete genomic sequence analysis showed that ALTV, also harbored by the Eurasian common shrew, is a new hantavirus species, distantly related to SWSV. Moreover, Lena River virus (LENV) appears to be a distinct hantavirus species, harbored by Laxmann’s shrews and flat-skulled shrews (Sorex roboratus) in Eastern Siberia and far-eastern Russia. Another ALTV-related virus, which is more closely related to Camp Ripley virus from the United States, has been identified in the Eurasian least shrew (Sorex minutissimus) from far-eastern Russia. Two highly divergent viruses, ALTV and SWSV co-circulate among common shrews in Western Siberia, while LENV and the ARTV variant of SWSV co-circulate among Laxmann’s shrews in Eastern Siberia and far-eastern Russia. ALTV and ALTV-related viruses appear to belong to the Mobatvirus genus, while SWSV is a member of the Orthohantavirus genus. These findings suggest that ALTV and ALTV-related hantaviruses might have emerged from ancient cross-species transmission with subsequent diversification within Sorex shrews in Eurasia.

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