Faculty Opinions recommendation of Analysis of clonality and antibiotic resistance among early clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium in the United States.

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Deresinski ◽  
Patricia Schirmer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates

scholarly journals Increasing antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Aeromonas strains in Taiwan.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1260-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
W C Ko ◽  
K W Yu ◽  
C Y Liu ◽  
C T Huang ◽  
H S Leu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Agar Dilution

A total of 234 clinical isolates of Aeromonas, primarily A. hydrophila, were collected for the present study. Most were isolates from blood. By the agar dilution method, more than 90% of the Aeromonas strains were found to be susceptible to moxalactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, aztreonam, imipenem, amikacin, and fluoroquinolones, but they were more resistant to tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, some extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides than strains from the United States and Australia.

scholarly journals Analysis of Clonality and Antibiotic Resistance among Early Clinical Isolates ofEnterococcus faeciumin the United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 200 (10) ◽  
pp. 1566-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Galloway‐Peña ◽  
Sreedhar R. Nallapareddy ◽  
Cesar A. Arias ◽  
George M. Eliopoulos ◽  
Barbara E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates

scholarly journals Enterococcus faecium Low-Affinity pbp5 Is a Transferable Determinant

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 5007-5012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis B. Rice ◽  
Lenore L. Carias ◽  
Susan Rudin ◽  
Viera Laktičová ◽  
Aaron Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Ampicillin Resistance ◽  
Chromosome Transfer ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Using 15 unrelated Enterococcus faecium isolates as donors, we demonstrated that ampicillin resistance was transferable to an E. faecium recipient containing a pbp5 deletion for all but four strains. The transfers occurred at low frequencies (generally ca. 10−9 transconjugants/recipient CFU), consistent with chromosome-to-chromosome transfer. pbp5 transfer occurred within large genetic regions, and insertion into the recipient genome occurred most commonly into the recipient SmaI restriction fragment that had been created by the previous pbp5 deletion. Restriction mapping of the region upstream of pbp5 revealed a commonality of fragment sizes among the clinical isolates from the United States which differed significantly from those of three strains that were isolated from turkey feces. These data prove conclusively that E. faecium pbp5 is a transferable determinant, even in the absence of a coresiding vancomycin resistance mobile element. They also suggest that the spread of high-level ampicillin resistance among U.S. E. faecium strains is due in part to the transfer of low-affinity pbp5 between clinical isolates.

Detection of Virulence Plasmid–Encoded Genes in Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Kentucky Isolates Recovered from Commercially Processed Chicken Carcasses

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 1364-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
RIZWANA TASMIN ◽  
PAUL A. GULIG ◽  
SALINA PARVEEN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Salmonella Virulence

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the leading causes of nontyphoidal gastroenteritis of humans in the United States. Commercially processed poultry carcasses are frequently contaminated with Salmonella serovar Kentucky in the United States. The aim of the study was to detect the Salmonella virulence plasmid containing the spv genes from Salmonella isolates recovered from commercially processed chicken carcasses. A total of 144 Salmonella isolates (Salmonella Typhimurium, n = 72 and Salmonella Kentucky, n = 72) were used for isolation of plasmids and detection of corresponding virulence genes (spvA, spvB, and spvC). Only four (5.5%) Salmonella Typhimurium isolates tested positive for all three virulence genes and hence were classified as possessing the virulence plasmid. All isolates of Salmonella Kentucky were negative for the virulence plasmid and genes. These results indicate that the virulence plasmid, which is very common among clinical isolates of Typhimurium and other Salmonella serovars (e.g., Enteritidis, Dublin, Choleraesuis, Gallinarum, Pullorum, and Abortusovis), may not be present in a significant portion of commercially processed chicken carcass isolates.

Activity of Oritavancin Against Gram-positive Pathogens Causing Bloodstream Infections in the United States Over 10 Years: Focus on Drug-Resistant Enterococcal Subsets (2010-2019)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia G. Carvalhaes ◽  
Helio S. Sader ◽  
Jennifer M. Streit ◽  
Mariana Castanheira ◽  
Rodrigo E. Mendes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Over Time

Oritavancin displayed potent and stable activity (MIC 90 range, 0.06-0.5 mg/L) over time (2010-2019) against Gram-positive pathogens causing bloodstream infections, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and resistant subsets of Enterococcus spp. Daptomycin and linezolid were also active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus . Only oritavancin and linezolid remained active against Enterococcus faecium isolates displaying an elevated daptomycin MIC (i.e., 2-4 mg/L). Proportions of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus within the respective S. aureus and enterococcal populations decreased over this period.

scholarly journals Geographic Distribution of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Species Identified among Clinical Isolates in the United States, 2009–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1655-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicen B. Spaulding ◽  
Yi Ling Lai ◽  
Adrian M. Zelazny ◽  
Kenneth N. Olivier ◽  
Sameer S. Kadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Mycobacterial Species
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