Faculty Opinions recommendation of NENA, a Lotus japonicus homolog of Sec13, is required for rhizodermal infection by arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and rhizobia but dispensable for cortical endosymbiotic development.

Most plants are usually colonized with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) in the fields. AMF absorb mineral nutrients, especially phosphate, from the soil and transfer them to the host plants. Inoculation with exotic AMF is thought to be effective when indigenous AMF performance is low; however, there is no method for evaluating the performance of indigenous AMF. In this study, we developed a method to investigate the performance of indigenous AMF in promoting plant growth. As Lotus japonicus mutant (str) that are unable to form functional mycorrhizal roots were considered to be symbiosis negative for indigenous mycorrhizal performance, we examined the growth ratios of wild-type and str mycorrhizal mutant using 24 soils. Each soil had its own unique indigenous mycorrhizal performance, which was not directly related to the colonization level of indigenous AMF or soil phosphate level. The low indigenous mycorrhizal performance could not be compensated by the inoculation of exotic AMF. Importantly, indigenous mycorrhizal performance was never negative; however, the inoculation of exotic AMF into the same soil led to both positive and negative performances. These results suggest that indigenous mycorrhizal performance is affected by soil management history and is basically harmless to the plant.

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Lipid transfer from plants to arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.29107 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 153

Author(s):

Andreas Keymer ◽

Priya Pimprikar ◽

Vera Wewer ◽

Claudia Huber ◽

Mathias Brands ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽

De Novo ◽

Lotus Japonicus ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Lipid Biosynthesis ◽

Lipid Transfer ◽

Carbon Cycles ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi ◽

Plant Hosts ◽

Biotrophic Fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbioses contribute to global carbon cycles as plant hosts divert up to 20% of photosynthate to the obligate biotrophic fungi. Previous studies suggested carbohydrates as the only form of carbon transferred to the fungi. However, de novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis has not been observed in AM fungi in absence of the plant. In a forward genetic approach, we identified two Lotus japonicus mutants defective in AM-specific paralogs of lipid biosynthesis genes (KASI and GPAT6). These mutants perturb fungal development and accumulation of emblematic fungal 16:1ω5 FAs. Using isotopolog profiling we demonstrate that 13C patterns of fungal FAs recapitulate those of wild-type hosts, indicating cross-kingdom lipid transfer from plants to fungi. This transfer of labelled FAs was not observed for the AM-specific lipid biosynthesis mutants. Thus, growth and development of beneficial AM fungi is not only fueled by sugars but depends on lipid transfer from plant hosts.

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Lipid transfer from plants to arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi

10.1101/143883 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andreas Keymer ◽

Priya Pimprikar ◽

Vera Wewer ◽

Claudia Huber ◽

Mathias Brands ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽

De Novo ◽

Lotus Japonicus ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Lipid Biosynthesis ◽

Lipid Transfer ◽

Carbon Cycles ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi ◽

Plant Hosts ◽

Biotrophic Fungi

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbioses contribute to global carbon cycles as plant hosts divert up to 20% of photosynthate to the obligate biotrophic fungi. Previous studies suggested carbohydrates as the only form of carbon transferred to the fungi. However,de novofatty acid (FA) synthesis has not been observed in AM fungi in absence of the plant. In a forward genetic approach, we identified twoLotus japonicusmutants defective in AM-specific paralogs of lipid biosynthesis genes (KASIandGPAT6). These mutants perturb fungal development and accumulation of emblematic fungal 16:1ω5 FAs. Using isotopolog profiling we demonstrate that13C patterns of fungal FAs recapitulate those of wild-type hosts, indicating cross-kingdom lipid transfer from plants to fungi. This transfer of labelled FAs was not observed for the AM-specific lipid biosynthesis mutants. Thus, growth and development of beneficial AM fungi is not only fueled by sugars but depends on lipid transfer from plant hosts.

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Eksplorasi Keragaman FMA yang Bersimbiosis dengan Beberapa Tanaman Budidaya Pada Deposit Fosfat Alam Ayamaru

Agrotek ◽

10.30862/agt.v2i1.423 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Antonius Suparno ◽

Dwiana Wasgito Purnomo ◽

Karyoto Sardi Amat

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽

The Other ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Rock Phosphates ◽

Other Hand ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi

The research was conducted at Soroan, Ayamaru District, South Sorong, Papua. �The objective of the study was to observe the diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) that symbiosis with cultivated plants at the Ayamaru rock phosphates deposit. Based on the observation, there were four AMF associated with nine cultivated plants at the Ayamaru rock phosphates deposit, namely genus Glomus, Acaulospora, Sclerocystis and Gigaspora. Genus Glomus had the greatest diversity (13 types) followed by Acaulospora which comprised of seven types.� On the other hand, the diversity of genus Sclerocystis and Gigaspora only consisted of two types and one type, respectively.

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