Faculty Opinions recommendation of Survival and neurologic outcome after traumatic out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest in a pediatric and adult population: a systematic review.

This systematic review aimed to investigate the type of physical activity carried out in green urban spaces by the adult population and to value its impact on the population’s health. Additionally, another purpose was to examine if the presence of outdoor gyms in green urban spaces can promote participation in physical activity among adults. Searches of electronic databases, with no time restrictions and up to June 2020, resulted in 10 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. A quantitative assessment is reported as effect size. Many people practiced walking activity as a workout, which showed improvements in health. Walking is the most popular type of training due to its easy accessibility and it not requiring equipment or special skills. Outdoor fitness equipment has been installed in an increasing number of parks and has become very popular worldwide. Further, outdoor fitness equipment provides free access to fitness training and seems to promote physical activity in healthy adults. However, other studies about outdoor fitness equipment efficiency are needed. People living near to equipped areas are more likely to perform outdoor fitness than those who live further away. The most common training programs performed in green urban spaces included exercises with free and easy access, able to promote physical health and perception.

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Health insurance awareness and its uptake in India: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043122 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e043122

Author(s):

Bhageerathy Reshmi ◽

Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan ◽

Shradha S Parsekar ◽

Eti Rajwar ◽

Ratheebhai Vijayamma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Adult Population ◽

Social Science Research ◽

Healthcare Utilisation ◽

Science Research ◽

Research Network ◽

Universal Healthcare ◽

Government Websites

IntroductionHealth insurance is one of the important approaches that can help in boosting universal healthcare coverage through improved healthcare utilisation and financial protection. This objectives of this review are to identify various interventions implemented in India to promote awareness of health insurance, and to provide evidence for the effectiveness of such interventions on the awareness and uptake of health insurance by the resident Indian population.Methods and analysisA systematic review will be carried out based on the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. The review will include experimental and analytical observational studies that have included adult population (>18 years) in India. We will include any intervention, policy or programme that directly or indirectly affects awareness or uptake of health insurance. The following outcomes will be eligible to be included: awareness or health insurance literacy, attitude such as readiness to buy health insurance or decision making, uptake of health insurance, demand-side and supply-side factors for awareness of health insurance, and awareness as a factor for uptake and re-enrolment in health insurance. Databases such as MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, 3ie impact evaluation repository and Social Science Research Network will be searched from January 2010 to 15 July 2020. Additionally, important government websites and references of the included studies will be scanned to identify potential records. Three authors, independently, will carry out screening and data extraction. Studies will be categorised into quantitative and qualitative, and mixed-methods synthesis will be employed to analyse the findings.Ethics and disseminationThis review will be based on published studies and will not recruit human participants directly, therefore, ethical clearance is not applicable. We will disseminate the final review findings in a national or international conference and publish in a peer-reviewed journal.

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Impact of therapeutic hypothermia during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on neurologic outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Resuscitation ◽

10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.029 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Filippo Annoni ◽

Lorenzo Peluso ◽

Marco Fiore ◽

Per Nordberg ◽

Leif Svensson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Neurologic Outcome

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Effects of Recreational Small-Sided Soccer Games on Bone Mineral Density in Untrained Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9040457 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 457

Author(s):

Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽

Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽

Hugo Sarmento ◽

Daniel Castillo ◽

Javier Raya-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Active Control ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adult Population ◽

Noncommunicable Disease ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Control Groups

This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of small-sided games (SSG)-based training programs on bone mineral density (BMD) in untrained adults. The data sources utilized were Cochrane, Embase, Medline (PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The study eligibility criteria were: (i) untrained adults (>18 years old) of any sex, with or without a noncommunicable disease; (ii) SSG-based programs with a minimum duration of four weeks and no restrictions regarding frequency (number of sessions per week); (iii) passive or active control groups; (iv) pre-post values of BMD; (v) only randomized controlled trials; and (vi) only original and full-text studies written in English. The database search initially yielded 374 titles. From those, nine articles were eligible for the systematic review and meta-analysis. The age of included population varied from a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 71 years old. Non-significant differences between SSG and passive and active control groups on total BMD (ES = 0.14; p = 0.405 and ES = 0.28; p = 0.05, respectively). Meanwhile, significant differences in favor of SSGs vs. passive and control groups were detected, evidencing an improvement of BMD in lower limbs of the adult population for both sexes (ES = 0.26; p = 0.05 and ES = 0.28; p = 0.156, respectively). As conclusions, SSGs can be used as a non-pharmacological alternative to increase the BMD in the lower limbs despite having no significant impact on total body BMD. Careful generalization should be done of the level of heterogeneity.

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Safety and effectiveness of surgical fixation versus non-surgical methods for the treatment of flail chest in adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis

European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery ◽

10.1007/s00068-021-01606-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ayobobola A. Apampa ◽

Ayesha Ali ◽

Bryar Kadir ◽

Zubair Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adult Population ◽

Flail Chest ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Surgical Methods ◽

Surgical Fixation ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Pulmonary Status

Abstract Purpose The objective of this systematic review is to compare the safety and efficacy of surgical fixation of rib fractures against non-surgical interventions for the treatment of flail chest in the adult population. Methods A search was performed on the 22nd of July 2020 to identify articles comparing surgical fixation versus clinical management for flail chest in adults, with a description of the outcome parameters (resource utility, mortality, adverse effects of the intervention and adverse progression in pulmonary status). Relevant randomised controlled trials were selected, their risk of bias assessed, and the data then extracted and analysed. Results 157 patients were included from four studies in the analyses, with 79 and 78 patients in the surgical and non-surgical groups, respectively. The pooled effects of all outcomes tended towards favouring surgical intervention. Surgical intervention was associated with lower rates of pneumonia (I2 = 46%, Tau2 = 0.16, p = 0.16), significantly lower rates of tracheostomy (I2 = 76%, Tau2 = 0.67, p = 0.02), and a significantly lower duration of mechanical ventilation (I2 = 88%, Tau2 = 33.7, p < 0.01) in comparison to the non-surgical management methods. Conclusion Our results suggest that surgical intervention reduces the need for tracheostomy, reduces the time spent in the intensive care unit following a traumatic flail chest injury and could reduce the risk of acquiring pneumonia after such an event. There is a need for further well-designed studies with sufficient sample sizes to confirm the results of this study and also detect other possible effects of surgical intervention in the treatment of traumatic flail chest in adults.

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Individual Resilience Interventions: A Systematic Review in Adult Population Samples over the Last Decade

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18147564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 7564

Author(s):

Mafalda Ferreira ◽

António Marques ◽

Paulo Veloso Gomes

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Adult Population ◽

Well Being ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Individual Resilience ◽

Literature Searches ◽

Great Heterogeneity

Resilience interventions have been gaining importance among researchers due to their potential to provide well-being and reduce the prevalence of mental disorders that are becoming an increasing concern, especially in Western countries, because of the costs associated. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify the intervention studies carried out in the last decade in adult population samples, evaluate their methodological quality and highlight the trends of these types of interventions. This review was performed using systematic literature searches in the following electronic databases: B-on, PubMed, PsycNet and Science Direct. The application of eligibility criteria resulted in the inclusion of 38 articles, of which 33 were randomized controlled trials and the other five were nonrandomized controlled studies. Although most studies showed statistical significance for their results, these were constrained by the great heterogeneity of the studies, the lack of power of the samples and their fair methodological quality. Therefore, it is important to consolidate the theoretical basis and standardize certain methodologies so that the effects of the interventions can be compared through a meta-analysis.

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