Faculty Opinions recommendation of Flagellar microtubule doublet assembly in vitro reveals a regulatory role of tubulin C-terminal tails.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueliang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Microtubule Doublet

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in the tumour microenvironment: big role for small players

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. R257-R267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patsy Soon ◽  
Hippokratis Kiaris
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Tumour Stroma ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small non-coding RNAs with an important regulatory role in various physiological processes as well as in several pathologies including cancers. It is noteworthy that recent evidence suggests that the regulatory role of miRNAs during carcinogenesis is not limited to the cancer cells but they are also implicated in the activation of tumour stroma and its transition into a cancer-associated state. Results from experimental studies involving cells culturedin vitroand mice bearing experimental tumours, corroborated by profiling of clinical cancers for miRNA expression, underline this role and identify miRNAs as a potent regulator of the crosstalk between cancer and stroma cells. Considering the fundamental role of the tumour microenvironment in determining both the clinical characteristics of the disease and the efficacy of anticancer therapy, miRNAs emerge as an attractive target bearing important prognostic and therapeutic significance during carcinogenesis. In this article, we will review the available results that underline the role of miRNAs in tumour stroma biology and emphasise their potential value as tools for the management of the disease.

scholarly journals Regulatory Role of PlaR (YiaJ) for Plant Utilization in Escherichia coli K-12

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Shimada ◽  
Yui Yokoyama ◽  
Takumi Anzai ◽  
Kaneyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Akira Ishihama
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Warm Blooded Animal ◽  
Plant Utilization ◽  
K 12

AbstractOutside a warm-blooded animal host, the enterobacterium Escherichia coli K-12 is also able to grow and survive in stressful nature. The major organic substance in nature is plant, but the genetic system of E. coli how to utilize plant-derived materials as nutrients is poorly understood. Here we describe the set of regulatory targets for uncharacterized IclR-family transcription factor YiaJ on the E. coli genome, using gSELEX screening system. Among a total of 18 high-affinity binding targets of YiaJ, the major regulatory target was identified to be the yiaLMNOPQRS operon for utilization of ascorbate from fruits and galacturonate from plant pectin. The targets of YiaJ also include the genes involved in the utilization for other plant-derived materials as nutrients such as fructose, sorbitol, glycerol and fructoselysine. Detailed in vitro and in vivo analyses suggest that L-ascorbate and α-D-galacturonate are the effector ligands for regulation of YiaJ function. These findings altogether indicate that YiaJ plays a major regulatory role in expression of a set of the genes for the utilization of plant-derived materials as nutrients for survival. PlaR was also suggested to play protecting roles of E. coli under stressful environments in nature, including the formation of biofilm. We then propose renaming YiaJ to PlaR (regulator of plant utilization).

scholarly journals CREB Is a Positive Transcriptional Regulator of Gamma Interferon in Latent but Not Active Tuberculosis Infections

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1377-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yan-Ling Guo ◽  
Shi-Jie Zhou ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Feng-Jiao Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Basic Leucine Zipper ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) is a crucial cytokine for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but the mechanism of IFN-γ transcription is still unclear. The cyclic AMP (cAMP) responsive element binding (CREB) proteins belong to the bZip (basic leucine zipper) family of transcription factors and are essential for T-cell function and cytokine production. This study focused on the capacity of CREB proteins to regulate IFN-γ transcription in CD3+ T cells obtained from tuberculosis (TB) patients and persons with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in China. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and Western blotting were used to demonstrate the regulatory role of CREB. EMSA (in vitro) and ChIP (in vivo) experiments suggested CREB could bind to the IFN-γ proximal promoter in persons with LTBI, whereas no binding was detected in TB patients. Western blotting confirmed the expression of CREB proteins, especially serine-133-phosphorylated CREB, was markedly reduced in TB patients compared with persons with LTBI. These results suggested that CREB could promote the transcription and production of IFN-γ through binding with the IFN-γ proximal promoter, but the regulatory role of CREB was decreased in tuberculosis patients owing to diminished expression of CREB proteins, which in turn reduced the IFN-γ production.

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