Faculty Opinions recommendation of First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the united states.

AbstractSince the first case of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was confirmed in Wuhan, China, social distancing has been promoted worldwide, including in the United States, as a major community mitigation strategy. However, our understanding remains limited in how people would react to such control measures, as well as how people would resume their normal behaviours when those orders were relaxed. We utilize an integrated dataset of real-time mobile device location data involving 100 million devices in the contiguous United States (plus Alaska and Hawaii) from February 2, 2020 to May 30, 2020. Built upon the common human mobility metrics, we construct a Social Distancing Index (SDI) to evaluate people’s mobility pattern changes along with the spread of COVID-19 at different geographic levels. We find that both government orders and local outbreak severity significantly contribute to the strength of social distancing. As people tend to practice less social distancing immediately after they observe a sign of local mitigation, we identify several states and counties with higher risks of continuous community transmission and a second outbreak. Our proposed index could help policymakers and researchers monitor people’s real-time mobility behaviours, understand the influence of government orders, and evaluate the risk of local outbreaks.

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The vaccination against COVID-19 in Morocco: a success story in progress

10.22514/sv.2021.080 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

South Africa ◽

Developing Countries ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

The United States ◽

Success Story ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

First Case ◽

The World ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 is a respiratory sickness that may spread between persons. It is caused by a novel coronavirus that produces an outbreak in Wuhan, China and spread all over the world to become a pandemic. From the appearance of the first case of the new coronavirus in Morocco, Moroccan authorities has spared no effort to promote the health of Moroccans, ahead of that of the country’s economy. On 22 January 2021, 2 million doses, of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine were delivered to Morocco, with a view to vaccinating 1 million Moroccans in a first phase. On 28 January, the campaign started and the King of Morocco was the 1st Moroccan to be vaccinated against the coronavirus. On 27 February 2021, Morocco has received 1 million doses from the Chinese laboratory Sinopharm and 6 million doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine allowing Morocco to vaccinate several audiences and the general public over the age of 60, and the most vulnerable. Thereafter, the COVID-19 vaccine doses administered per 100 people in 31 March 2021 were 115.89 in Israel, 84.01 in the United Arab Emirates, 52.53 in the United Kingdom, 44.93 in the United States, 45.04 in Bahrain, 21.66 in Morocco, 16.44 in Germany, 8.32 in China, 4.72 in India, and 0.44 in South Africa. Also, the population fully vaccinated against COVID-19 in 01 April 2021 were 55.51% in Israel, 22.12% in the United Arab Emirates, 20.08% in Chile, 16.77% in USA, 15.25% in Serbia, 15.14%in Bahrain, 10.21% in Morocco, 8.94% in Hungary, 8.23% in Turkey, 7.29% in UK, 3.07% in Russia, 2.39% in Brazil, 1.70% in Uruguay, 0.70% in India, and 0.45% in South Africa. This allows Morocco to figure in the top 10 countries fully vaccinated against COVID-19 despite the lack of resources and belonging to developing countries. Finally, our study gives an example to other countries to benefit from the Moroccan experience. Nevertheless, vaccination is only one element of a comprehensive COVID-19 strategy, it must be accompanied by measures to reduce circulating infection and keep them low.

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First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States

New England Journal of Medicine ◽

10.1056/nejmoa2001191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 382 (10) ◽

pp. 929-936 ◽

Cited By ~ 2183

Author(s):

Michelle L. Holshue ◽

Chas DeBolt ◽

Scott Lindquist ◽

Kathy H. Lofy ◽

John Wiesman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

First Case ◽

Novel Coronavirus

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Mycobacterium talmoniae, a Potential Pulmonary Pathogen Isolated from Multiple Patients with Bronchiectasis in the United States, Including the First Case of Clinical Disease in a Patient with Cystic Fibrosis

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.00906-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ravikiran Vasireddy ◽

Sruthi Vasireddy ◽

Barbara A. Brown-Elliott ◽

Alexander L. Greninger ◽

Rebecca M. Davidson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

16S Rrna ◽

Type Strain ◽

Gene Sequencing ◽

The United States ◽

Average Nucleotide Identity ◽

Content Type ◽

First Case ◽

Multiple Patients

ABSTRACTWe characterize three respiratory isolates of the recently described speciesMycobacterium talmoniaerecovered in Texas, Louisiana, and Massachusetts, including the first case of disease in a patient with underlying cystic fibrosis. The three isolates had a 100% match toM. talmoniaeNE-TNMC-100812Tby complete 16S rRNA,rpoBregion V, andhsp65 gene sequencing. Core genomic comparisons between one isolate and the type strain revealed an average nucleotide identity of 99.8%. The isolates were susceptible to clarithromycin, amikacin, and rifabutin, while resistance was observed for tetracyclines, ciprofloxacin, and linezolid.M. talmoniaeshould be added to the list of potential pulmonary pathogens, including in the setting of cystic fibrosis.

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Falling Back In

The Empire Trap ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691155821.003.0007 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Noel Maurer

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Latin American ◽

The United States ◽

Second World War ◽

World War ◽

Covert Action ◽

First Case ◽

The Government ◽

Franklin Roosevelt ◽

Second World

This chapter explores how the United States' return to the empire trap played out, starting with Franklin Roosevelt in Mexico through Eisenhower in Guatemala and faraway Iran. Under Franklin Roosevelt, the United States began to provide foreign aid (in the form of grants and loans) and rolled out perhaps the first case of modern covert action against the government of Cuba. Both tools were perfected during the Second World War, which saw the creation of entire agencies of government dedicated to providing official transfers and covertly manipulating the affairs of foreign states. In addition, the development of sophisticated trade controls allowed targeted action against the exports of other nations. For example, after 1948 the United States could attempt to influence certain Latin American governments by granting or withholding quotas for sugar.

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Freedom of Speech and Assembly in the Digital Age

Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development - Revolutionizing the Interaction between State and Citizens through Digital Communications ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-6292-6.ch009 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 160-175

Author(s):

Sam B. Edwards III

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Eighteenth Century ◽

First Amendment ◽

The United States ◽

Fundamental Rights ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Digital Revolution ◽

Constitutional Protection ◽

First Case ◽

The Government

The United States is facing challenges in applying First Amendment principles from the eighteenth century to modern communications. Speech and assembly in the eighteenth century was extremely limited when compared to speech now. This chapter examines two cases where the government has intruded upon fundamental rights contained in the First Amendment. In the first case, a government, in an effort to stop a protest, cut off all wireless mobile and Internet communications. This amounted to a digital gag and ear plugs for the protesters. In this case, the responsible government officials did not even contemplate that this might violate the fundamental rights of the protesters. In the second case, government employees were fired for using Facebook to “like” the page of a political candidate. The trial court ruled that “liking” on Facebook was not speech and therefore did not garner constitutional protection. These two cases represent warning signs that the United States, just like other countries, is struggling to adapt eighteenth century legal principles to modern communication. The digital revolution is happening in the United States and the courts will eventually have to develop a new set of rules based on the principles in the First Amendment.

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Introduction

Denying to the Grave ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197547458.003.0001 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-38

Author(s):

Sara E. Gorman ◽

Jack M. Gorman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

The United States ◽

Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The Face ◽

Grave Problem ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Vocal Minority

In 2014, a deadly epidemic of Ebola hemorrhagic fever ravaged three countries in West Africa. While the disease barely hit the United States, it caused widespread panic that sometimes threatened the safety of African immigrants in the United States. Five years later, a global pandemic of a novel coronavirus, later named COVID-19, quickly picked up speed around the world. In the face of a serious and very real threat, many Americans ignored the warnings and a vocal minority even insisted that the pandemic was not real. While the particulars of each of these examples might be quite different, they have something very important in common: science denial. This introductory chapter provides an overview of how such widespread science denialist views come into existence and how they spread. The authors outline the eight chapters of this book, which go into depth on different psychological mechanisms behind this phenomenon. Finally, they provide a preview of some of the solutions we have devised in response to this grave problem.

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First Case of Bioterrorism-Related Inhalational Anthrax in the United States, Palm Beach County, Florida, 2001

Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽

10.3201/eid0810.020354 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1029-1034 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Marc S. Traeger ◽

Steven T. Wiersma ◽

Nancy E. Rosenstein ◽

Jean M. Malecki ◽

Colin W. Shepard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Palm Beach County ◽

First Case

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923Lactococcus garvieae infective endocarditis requiring valve replacement: First case in the United States

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofu052.631 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S267-S267 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Calden Sharngoe ◽

Tasaduq Fazili ◽

Waleed Javaid ◽

Timothy Endy ◽

Mark Polhemus

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Infective Endocarditis ◽

Valve Replacement ◽

The United States ◽

First Case

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Racial Capitalism: A Fundamental Cause of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Inequities in the United States

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198120922942 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 504-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Whitney N. Laster Pirtle

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Medical Knowledge ◽

The United States ◽

Poor People ◽

Racial Capitalism ◽

Multiple Risk Factors ◽

Flexible Resources ◽

Fundamental Cause ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Consequences Of Disease

Racial capitalism is a fundamental cause of the racial and socioeconomic inequities within the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in the United States. The overrepresentation of Black death reported in Detroit, Michigan is a case study for this argument. Racism and capitalism mutually construct harmful social conditions that fundamentally shape COVID-19 disease inequities because they (a) shape multiple diseases that interact with COVID-19 to influence poor health outcomes; (b) affect disease outcomes through increasing multiple risk factors for poor, people of color, including racial residential segregation, homelessness, and medical bias; (c) shape access to flexible resources, such as medical knowledge and freedom, which can be used to minimize both risks and the consequences of disease; and (d) replicate historical patterns of inequities within pandemics, despite newer intervening mechanisms thought to ameliorate health consequences. Interventions should address social inequality to achieve health equity across pandemics.

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