Faculty Opinions recommendation of MC3R links nutritional state to childhood growth and the timing of puberty.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Elmquist ◽  
Ryan Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional State ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Timing Of Puberty

MC3R links nutritional state to childhood growth and the timing of puberty

Nature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Y. H. Lam ◽  
A. Williamson ◽  
S. Finer ◽  
F. R. Day ◽  
J. A. Tadross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional State ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Timing Of Puberty

Neonatal nutritional strategy of a viviparous elasmobranch with extremely low reproductive output

2020 ◽  
Vol 638 ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
BS Rangel ◽  
NE Hussey ◽  
Y Niella ◽  
LA Martinelli ◽  
AD Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Nutritional State ◽  
Disc Width ◽  
Biomarker Analysis

Throughout evolutionary history, elasmobranchs have developed diverse reproductive strategies. Little focused work, however, has addressed how neonatal nutritional state is affected by differing degrees of maternal investment associated with these markedly different reproductive strategies. To investigate the effect of maternal investment on the nutritional quality of pups during the early life history of an extremely viviparous elasmobranch, quantitative biomarker analysis including lipids, fatty acids and stable isotopes was conducted. Using the cownose ray Rhinoptera bonasus (histotrophic viviparous) as a model, we found that pups were initially born in a positive nutritional state, enriched in physiologically important essential fatty acids and nitrogen and carbon stable isotope values (δ15N and δ13C), a result of maternal intrauterine transfer. A systematic decrease in some fatty acids and δ15N values, as well as a decrease in cholesterol with growth, confirmed that these substrates were derived from maternal resources and used in initial metabolic processes following birth. An observed increase in condition factor, plasma essential fatty acids and triglyceride:cholesterol ratio with increasing body size identified a progression towards successful independent foraging with pups not displaying marked nutritional deficiency or fasting phases. Our multi-tracer approach allowed the identification of 2 size classes of young rays (<50 and <70 cm disc width) that displayed distinct physiological states. Since prenatal maternal investment is critical for offspring condition and to promote successful foraging post birth, understanding the trophic ecology and physiological state of pups during their first year is critical to guide management and conservation within nursery grounds.

1416-P: Impact of Birth Weight Category on Early Childhood Growth in the Offspring of Women with Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1416-P
Author(s):  
MAISA N. FEGHALI ◽  
STEVE CARITIS ◽  
CHRISTINA M. SCIFRES
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Childhood Growth

scholarly journals Long term alterations of growth after antenatal steroids in preterm twin pregnancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Braun ◽  
Vivien Filleböck ◽  
Boris Metze ◽  
Christoph Bührer ◽  
Andreas Plagemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Ponderal Index ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Antenatal Steroids ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the long-term effects of antenatal betamethasone (ANS, ≤16 mg, =24 mg and >24 mg) in twins on infant and childhood growth.MethodsA retrospective cohort follow up study among 198 twins after ANS including three time points: U1 first neonatal examination after birth and in the neonatal period; U7 examination from the 21st to the 24th month of life and U9 examination from the 60th to the 64th month of life using data from copies of the children’s examination booklets. Inclusion criteria are twin pregnancies with preterm labor, cervical shortening, preterm premature rupture of membranes, or vaginal bleeding, and exposure to ANS between 23+5 and 33+6 weeks. Outcome measures are dosage-dependent and sex-specific effects of ANS on growth (body weight, body length, head circumference, body mass index and ponderal index) up to 5.3 years.ResultsOverall, 99 live-born twin pairs were included. Negative effects of ANS on fetal growth persisted beyond birth, altered infant and childhood growth, independent of possible confounding factors. Overall weight percentile significantly decreased between infancy and early childhood by 18.8%. Birth weight percentiles significantly changed in a dose dependent and sex specific manner, most obviously in female-female and mixed pairs. The ponderal index significantly decreased up to 42.9%, BMI index increased by up to 33.8%.ConclusionsANS results in long-term alterations in infant and childhood growth. Changes between infancy and early childhood in ponderal mass index and BMI, independent of dose or twin pair structure, might indicate an ANS associated increased risk for later life disease.SynopsisFirst-time report on long-term ANS administration growth effects in twin pregnancies, showing persisting alterations beyond birth in infant and childhood growth up to 5.3 years as potential indicator of later life disease risk.

Efficacy and safety of denosumab treatment in a prepubertal patient with cherubism

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 963-966
Author(s):  
Haruka Kawamura ◽  
Satoshi Watanabe ◽  
Takashi I ◽  
Izumi Asahina ◽  
Hiroyuki Moriuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Disorder ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Receptor Activator ◽  
Denosumab Treatment

AbstractBackgroundDenosumab is an inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, which strongly suppresses osteoclasts. Cherubism is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by symmetrical swelling of the jaws, in which the bone is replaced by a fibrous granuloma containing osteoclast-like giant cells.Case presentationWe report the efficacy and safety of denosumab treatment in a prepubertal boy with progressive cherubism. The treatment consisting of eight subcutaneous denosumab injections (120 mg/dose) in 6 months not only suppressed the expansion of the osteolytic lesions but also dramatically ossified them. However, a transiently decreased growth rate and rebounded asymptomatic hypercalcemia were associated with the treatment.ConclusionsThe present case demonstrated the therapeutic potential of denosumab for treatment of cherubism, although adverse effects, especially those on childhood growth, remain obscure. Further studies are needed to establish a safe and effective protocol for denosumab treatment of children.

scholarly journals Central precocious puberty in a girl with LEGIUS syndrome: an accidental association?

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Orlandi ◽  
Paolo Cavarzere ◽  
Laura Palma ◽  
Rossella Gaudino ◽  
Franco Antoniazzi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Legius Syndrome ◽  
Timing Of Puberty ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Central precocious puberty is a condition characterized by precocious activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. It may be idiopathic or secondary to organic causes, including syndromes such as Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Case presentation We presented a girl of 6 years and 10 months with almost 11 café-au-lait skin macules, without other clinical or radiological signs typical of NF1, and with a central precocious puberty. Genetic analysis evidenced the new variant NM-152594.2:c.304delAp. (Thr102Argfs*19) in SPRED1 gene, which allowed to diagnose Legius syndrome. Conclusions We report for the first time a case of central precocious puberty in a girl with Legius syndrome. The presence of central precocious puberty in a child with characteristic café-au-lait macules should suggest pediatricians to perform genetic analysis in order to reach a definitive diagnosis. Further studies on timing of puberty in patients with RASopathies are needed to better elucidate if this clinical association is casual or secondary to their clinical condition.

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