scholarly journals Comparison of radiographic changes in the alveolar crest after extraction of fully and partially erupted premolars during orthodontic treatment: A retrospective analytical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
Sanam Darban Hosseini ◽  
Mojgan Kachoei ◽  
Masoumeh Faramarzi ◽  
Mahdiyeh Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Alveolar Crest ◽  
Extraction Site ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Distal Aspect ◽  
Radiographic Changes

Background. The alveolar process plays an essential role in providing dental support and gradually disappears with tooth loss. Space deficiency can cause one premolar to remain semi-erupted adjacent to a fully-erupted premolar. During orthodontic treatment, each of these premolars can be extracted. This retrospective study aimed to compare radiographic changes of the alveolar crest due to orthodontic movements of fully-erupted and semi-erupted premolars into the extraction sites before and after treatment. Methods. The patients were divided into the fully-erupted premolar extraction (first) group and the semi-erupted premolar extraction (second) group. The distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the alveolar crest, from the distal aspect of the canine to the mesial aspect of the first molar, was measured on panoramic radiographs of 78 patients (39 from each group) before and after treatment with a digital caliper. Changes in the alveolar crest were compared between the two groups. Finally, the height differences of the alveolar crest in mesial and distal aspects of the remaining premolars in both groups were calculated at the end of treatment. Descriptive statistical analyses and paired and independent t tests were used in the study. Results. The distance from the CEJ to the alveolar crest at mesial and distal aspects in the first group and the distal aspect of the extraction site in the second group increased significantly. However, changes at the mesial aspect were not significant in the second group. Comparing the alveolar crest height between the two groups and between the mesial and distal aspects of the remaining premolar tooth indicated no significant differences. Conclusion. No significant difference was observed between the extraction of a fully-erupted or semi-erupted premolar to obtain greater alveolar height.

scholarly journals Geometric analysis of alveolar bone around the incisors after anterior retraction following premolar extraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Suk-Cheol Lee ◽  
Jun-Beom Lee ◽  
Kyung-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate changes in shape and alterations in thickness and vertical marginal bone levels of the alveolar bone around the maxillary and mandibular incisors before and after orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction using geometric morphometric analysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients with Class I bialveolar protrusion who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction were included. Cone-beam computed tomographic scans were obtained from the patients before and after treatment. Five fixed landmarks and 70 semilandmarks were used to represent the morphology of the alveolar bone around the maxillary and mandibular incisors. The coordinates of the landmarks of the alveolar bones were generated by Procrustes fit. The labial and lingual alveolar bone thicknesses around the maxillary and mandibular incisors and vertical marginal bone level were assessed quantitatively. Results: There was a significant difference in shape change of the alveolar bone before and after treatment. The deformation grid of the thin plate spline showed that the thickness and vertical marginal bone decreased on the lingual side after treatment. Shape changes were greater for the lingual alveolar bone on the mandibular incisor than for the maxillary incisors. Conclusions: Orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction might cause loss of alveolar bone around the maxillary and mandibular incisors. Careful consideration is needed to avoid iatrogenic degeneration of periodontal support around the incisors, particularly in the lingual area.

scholarly journals Relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health: A retrospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Boke ◽  
Cagri Gazioglu ◽  
Sevil Akkaya ◽  
Murat Akkaya
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health. Materials and Methods: A total of 251 patients among whom 177 were girls and 74 were boys, recruited from the records pool of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, were included in the study. Patients’ treatments have been completed by postgraduate students during the period between 2006 and 2012. Patients’ folders were analyzed according to their age, treatment time, and the type of orthodontic treatment. Intra-oral photographs were analyzed, and the presence or absence of visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession were recorded, and incisor inclinations analyzed on lateral cephalometric films, before and after orthodontic treatment. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in patients treated with functional appliances before and after treatment. In patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession showed significant increases after treatment, gingival biotype did not show any significant difference. Positive correlation was found between lower incisor position and gingival recession in patients treated with fixed appliance and extraction. And also cuspids were the teeth with the highest prevalence of gingival recession. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health, cooperation among patients, orthodontists, and periodontists is important.

Orthodontic Treatment in the General Dental Service Assessed by the Occlusal Index

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Elderton ◽  
J. D. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
Index Score ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

As with all other aspects of health care, orthodontic treatment should be evaluated in as objective a manner as possible. In this study, the models of a sample of 256 patients treated by appliance therapy in the General Dental Service were examined. The Occlusal Index was first refined and variability in its use due to articulation and measurement errors was assessed. It was then used to quantify occlusal status both before and after treatment, and thereby monitor changes brought about by treatment. The mean Occlusal Index score at the beginning of treatment was 9·9. At the end of treatment, the mean score had dropped to 5·5. There was wide variation among individual cases, but some reduction was found in 88 per cent of instances. In 56 per cent of cases the reduction ranged up to 6 units, while in 29 per cent of cases the reduction was 6–12 units. However, in cases which started with a marked malocclusion, only about one-third showed a sizeable improvement. In about one-third of all cases there was little improvement in the malocclusion. While there is room for further refinement of the Occlusal Index to increase its usefulness in quantifying occlusal status brought about during orthodontic treatment, the present findings provide a basis for future comparisons.

scholarly journals Association of Microalbuminuria and Bevacizumab Therapy Outcomes in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ahmad Rasoulinejad
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Fast Blood Sugar ◽  
Therapy Outcomes ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a visual impairment-related eye disease developed by long-term hyperglycemic status. Diabetic condition in DR patients leads to diabetic organopathies (e.g., renal failure). Albuminuria, as a hallmark of renal failure, can be correlated with visual indicators in DR patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of albuminuria status in visual acuity (VA) and bevacizumab therapy outcomes in DR patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, 48 DR patients were admitted to the Ophthalmology Center of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. The retinopathy status and VA were identified before and after treatment through 45 days of bevacizumab therapy. In addition, fast blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, urine albumin, and urine creatinine were evaluated using standard laboratory methods. Results: The VA value before treatment in microalbuminuric DR patients (0.106 ± 0.036) was significantly lower than non-microalbuminuric DR patients (0.347 ± 0.286; P < 0.001). Furthermore, VA value after treatment in microalbuminuric DR patients (0.115 ± 0.071) was significantly lower than non-microalbuminuric DR patients (0.355 ± 0.272; P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the percentage of VA increase between microalbuminuric and non-microalbuminuric patients. Moreover, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was correlated with a lower VA level before and after treatment (P < 0.001 for both). There was no correlation between the percentage of VA increase with ACR, albumin, and creatinine. Conclusions: The current study results showed that different VA before and after bevacizumab therapy status was correlated with microalbuminuria status. Additionally, microalbuminuria status did not affect the percentage of VA increase in the treatment of DR patients.

scholarly journals Changes in the engineering students’ procrastination self-evaluation within the experimental approbation of career education program

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Jerkunkova ◽  
◽  
Irena Katane ◽  
Regina Baltusite ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Career Education ◽  
Career Goals ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Academic Year

One of the modern education problems being investigated is a phenomenon of student procrastination and minimisation of its influence on achievement of career goals. A transformative pedagogical experiment was carried out involving 1st year engineering students of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies during the 2018/2019 academic year. The aim of the transformative pedagogical experiment was to promote the reduction of student procrastination levels and achievement of their goals by practical experimental approbation of a career education program. During the experiment, self-evaluation of student procrastination was performed before and after the implementation of the career education program. The methodology included 20 indicators of procrastination self-evaluation. The program included three topic-based parts: 1) understanding and setting student career goals; 2) defining procrastination levels and factors; 3) the influence of procrastination minimisation on career goals’ achievement. The study results allowed to conclude that due to the career education program elaborated and implemented in practice, substantial changes in student procrastination self-evaluation took place during the transformative pedagogical experiment. There was a significant difference in student procrastination levels before and after the transformative pedagogical experiment. The study results demonstrated that the elaborated and experimentally implemented career education program is valid and can be further used for minimisation of student procrastination, it can contribute to career goals’ achievement and for the reduction of early discontinuation of studies and dropping out of university as there is a correlation between procrastination and dropout phenomena.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF YOGIC EXERCISES AND MEDITATION ON EMOTIONAL WELLNESS AND SPIRITUAL WELLNESS OF WOMEN IN THOOTHUKUDI

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (9(SE)) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Thanga Selvam ◽  
Shunmuga SelvaSivaSankari ◽  
A. Nagalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Personal Health ◽  
Spiritual Wellness ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emotional Wellness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Today, yoga is considered as an alternative exercise approach to obtain personal health and wellbeing. Yoga’s holistic methodology strives to unite one’s body, mind, and spirit; it is a method of exercise mirrored in the physical, mental, and emotional benefits which result. The focus of this paper will highlight on the effect of yogic exercises and meditation on emotional wellness and spiritual wellness among women. The objectives of this study were to find out the level of emotional wellness and spiritual wellness of women before and after treatment and to find out the impact of yogic exercises and meditation on the emotional wellness and spiritual wellness of women. The investigators have adopted quasi-experimental method for this study. Results of this study show that there is significant difference between pretest and post test scores on emotional wellness and spiritual wellness of women before and after the yogic exercises and meditation.

scholarly journals Sheep and goat welfare in Croatia: Assessing veterinary student attitudes

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Mario Ostovic ◽  
Tomislav Mikus ◽  
Velimir Susic ◽  
Kristina Matkovic ◽  
Zeljko Pavicic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
First Year ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Student Residence

Research into the veterinary perception of animal welfare is becoming ever more relevant. Following previous studies on Croatian veterinary students? attitudes and opinions towards farm animal and pet welfare, the present study assessed their attitudes towards sheep and goat welfare, focusing on the year of veterinary medicine study and area of student residence. The questionnaire survey involved students of all six years of the integrated undergraduate and graduate study programme at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. First-year students filled out the questionnaire twice, before and after having attended the animal welfare subject. The questionnaire consisted of two sections. The first section included questions on student demographic and experiential characteristics, whereas the second section asked them to define the level of cognition, sentience and welfare compromise in sheep and goats through five-point Likert scale questions. Study results revealed that students agreed that sheep and goats have cognitive abilities and feelings, but they neither agreed nor disagreed about their welfare compromise. There was no significant difference in student responses according to years of study or between first-year student responses before and after having attended the animal welfare subject or according to areas of student residence. These results could suggest poor student interaction with small ruminants and, therefore, help expand the respective curriculum.

Comparison of Changes in Incisors Inclination and Dental Arch Dimensions in Damon and MBT Systems Using Dolphin Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Eslami ◽  
Farid Sharifi ◽  
Athar Nasseri ◽  
Arezoo Jahanbin
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Dental Malocclusion

Background: There is great controversy regarding the effect of MBT and Damon bracket systems on dental arch dimensions and incisor position. Objectives: We aimed to study the effects of two different brackets (MBT and Damon) on dental arch dimensions and incisors position after orthodontic treatment. Methods: In this retrospective study, the records of 20 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with MBT or Damon bracket systems were studied. All patients had class I skeletal and dental malocclusion and were treated without extraction. The patients were treated either with Damon or MBT bracket systems (n = 10). Lateral cephalograms were traced using the Dolphin software to determine the position of incisors. In addition, transverse dimensions of dental arches were measured on occlusal photographs. Fishers’ exact test, independent-test, Man-Whitney, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon were used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was set as significant. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex, and initial values of the variables studied. U1-Apog (mm), upper inter-canine, lower inter-second premolar distance showed a significant difference before and after treatment in the Damon system. However, no significant difference was observed between initial and post-treatment values in the MBT group. L1-Apog (°), IMPA (°), maxillary inter-first and second premolars, inter-canine, and mandibular inter-canine distance was higher in the Damon system after treatment compared to MBT. Changes of the upper and lower transverse dimensions of the dental arches and the incisor positional did not reveal a notable difference in the Damon and MBT systems (P > 0.05). Conclusions: There was no significant difference regarding changes in dental arches and incisor positions between the Damon and MBT systems.

scholarly journals ENAMEL SURFACE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN WHITE SPOT LESIONS AFTER ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT USING A MICROABRASION TECHNIQUE WITH FLUORIDE OR CALCIUM PHOSPHOPEPTIDE-AMORPHOUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE APPLICATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Novira Mutia Safitri ◽  
Haru Setyo Anggani ◽  
Miesje Karmiati Purwanegara ◽  
Sariesendy Sumardi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bacterial Plaque

Objectives: White spot lesions after fixed orthodontic treatment will increase bacterial plaque formation due to increased enamel surface roughness. The aim of this study was to analyze the surface roughness of white spot lesions on enamel after a microabrasion technique, a microabrasion technique combined with calcium phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) application, and a microabrasion technique combined with fluoride application.Methods: Artificially induced white spot lesions on the enamel surfaces of 42 maxillary first premolars were randomly assigned into one of three treatment groups (n=14): (a) A microabrasion technique, (b) a microabrasion technique combined with CPP-ACP application, and (c) a microabrasion technique combined with fluoride application. A Mitutoyo SJ-301 surface roughness tester was used to measure differences in surface roughness before and after treatment, and the after treatment measurements were compared among the three groups.Results: A significant difference in surface roughness was noted for the white spot lesions on enamel before and after treatment in all groups (p<0.05). A significant difference was also found when comparing the after treatment surface roughness in all groups.Conclusion: The combination of the microabrasion technique with CPP-ACP application significantly reduced enamel surface roughness when compared to microabrasion alone or the combination of microabrasion and fluoride application.

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