Efecto del acondicionamiento osmótico con soluciones de KNO3 en la germinación de semillas de Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.

Amaranth can help to decrease the problems of food, malnutrition and health of the human population, as it provides energy, protein, vitamins and minerals and is also a natural source of lysine, a rare amino acid in other cereals. However, when stored for use as seeds, they suffer a relatively rapid deterioration, which is mainly reflected in low germination. Osmotic conditioning or "priming" is a treatment that can improve the germination capacity of the seeds, once they have been subjected to deterioration. In this work, an osmotic conditioning experiment was carried out with the objective of increasing the germination percentage in amaranth seeds accessions that are conserved at the National Center of Genetic Resources (CNRG) of INIFAP. The seeds of four amaranth genotypes were hydrated in five KNO3 solutions for 2 h, followed by a 24 h drying period at 25 °C. Subsequently, these seeds were tested for germination. The results showed that the germination was increased with osmotic conditioning using KNO3 solutions, thereby the seed deterioration was reverted. Also, the genotype had an effect on the germinative behavior of the seeds.

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Purification, Characterization, and Complete Amino Acid Sequence of a Trypsin Inhibitor from Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) Seeds

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.103.4.1407 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 103 (4) ◽

pp. 1407-1412 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

S. Valdes-Rodriguez ◽

M. Segura-Nieto ◽

A. Chagolla-Lopez ◽

AVy. Vargas-Cortina ◽

N. Martinez-Gallardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Trypsin Inhibitor ◽

Amaranthus Hypochondriacus ◽

Complete Amino Acid Sequence

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Amino acid sequence, biochemical characterization, and comparative modeling of a nonspecific lipid transfer protein from Amaranthus hypochondriacus

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics ◽

10.1016/s0003-9861(03)00201-7 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 415 (1) ◽

pp. 24-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Marı́a del Carmen Ramı́rez-Medeles ◽

Manuel B Aguilar ◽

Ricardo N Miguel ◽

Vı́ctor M Bolaños-Garcı́a ◽

Enrique Garcı́a-Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Lipid Transfer Protein ◽

Comparative Modeling ◽

Lipid Transfer ◽

Amaranthus Hypochondriacus ◽

Transfer Protein ◽

Nonspecific Lipid Transfer Protein

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The effect of achene heteromorphism on germination in the shaggy soldier [Galinsoga ciliata (Rafin) S.F. Blake]

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2011.005 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Magdalena Kucewicz ◽

Aneta Wardzyńska ◽

Anna Źróbek-Sokolnik

Keyword(s):

Growing Season ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Germination Capacity ◽

Soil Storage ◽

Dry Storage ◽

Temperature Requirements ◽

Similar Temperature ◽

High Level ◽

Galinsoga Ciliata ◽

Over Time

Heteromorphic achenes are formed within each capitulum of Galinsoga ciliata (Rafin) S.F. Blake. We examined (1) the effects of the duration of dry storage on germination and (2) the effect of burial in soil on viability and germination of heteromorphic diaspores. Fresh harvested peripheral achenes remained dormant, while central achenes germinated at 60%. Both achene types became non-dormant after one month of dry storage. In successive months of dry storage, peripheral achenes demonstrated a higher germination percentage than central achenes. The peripheral and central achenes showed similar temperature requirements during dry storage. A similar germination pattern was observed in both achene types, with a germination peak in March (96% of peripheral achenes at 12, 26 and 34oC; 90% of central achenes at 26 and 34oC). The germination capacity deteriorated over time. After 19 months of dry storage, both achene morphs failed to germinate at 12oC. At a 26o and 34oC, the same group of achenes continued to germinate at a relatively high level. After six and seven months of soil storage, 90-95% of both achene types remained alive. Dimorphic achenes were characterized by similar germination percentage (89-99%) at all temperature intervals, whereas peripheral achenes exhumed in May were the fastest to germinate. After 18 months of storage in soil (successive growing season), most of the harvested achenes were dead. The studied achenes did not form a permanent seed bank.

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Simultaneous Suppression of Two Distinct Serotonin N-Acetyltransferase Isogenes by RNA Interference Leads to Severe Decreases in Melatonin and Accelerated Seed Deterioration in Rice

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10010141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 141 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ok Jin Hwang ◽

Kyoungwhan Back

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Rna Interference ◽

Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Transgenic Rice ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Seed Longevity ◽

Seed Aging ◽

Seed Deterioration ◽

Sequence Homologies ◽

Germination Speed

Serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) is the penultimate enzyme in the melatonin biosynthetic pathway, in which serotonin is converted into N-acetylserotonin (NAS) in plants. To date, two SNAT isogenes with low amino acid sequence homologies have been identified. Their single suppression in rice has been reported, but their double suppression in rice has not yet been attempted. Here, we generated double-suppression transgenic rice (snat1+2) using the RNA interference technique. The snat1+2 exhibited retarded seedling growths in conjunction with severe decreases in melatonin compared to wild-types and single-suppression rice plants (snat1 or snat2). The laminar angle was decreased in the snat1+2 rice compared to that of the wild-types and snat1, but was comparable to that of snat2. The reduced germination speed in the snat1+2 was comparable to that of snat2. Seed-aging testing revealed that snat1 was the most severely deteriorated, followed by snat1+2 and snat2, suggesting that melatonin is positively involved in seed longevity.

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Effects of Two Salts Compounds on Mycelial Growth, Sporulation, and Spore Germination of Six Isolates ofBotrytis cinereain the Western North of Algeria

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2015/572626 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Boualem Boumaaza ◽

Mohamed Benkhelifa ◽

Moulay Belkhoudja

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Calcium Chloride ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Germination Capacity ◽

Calcium Salts ◽

Sodium Salts ◽

High Tunnels ◽

Three Stages

Six isolates ofBotrytis cinereawere isolated from leaves and stems of different tomato varieties taken from four areas in the northwest of Algeria where tomato is mostly grown in greenhouses and high tunnels. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of two salts, NaCl and CaCl2, on three stages ofBotrytis cinerea’slife cycle. All isolates tested were stimulated in 50 to 150 ppm; NaCl was the most effective treatment to increase mycelial growth at two tested concentrations. However, at 300 ppm concentration, CaCl2completely inhibited the growth of mycelium; they reach 34.78% for the isolate TR46 and 26.72% for isolate F27. The sodium and calcium salts stimulated conidia production in liquid culture. We noticed that the effect of calcium chloride on sporulation was average while sodium chloride. In the medium containing 50 ppm, calcium chloride and sodium chloride increased the germination capacity of most isolates compared with the control. Other calcium salts, at 100 or 300 ppm, decreased the germination percentage of the conidia. With the exception of sodium salts, the inhibitions of germination reduce at 150 or 300 compared with the control. Conidial germination was slightly inhibited by sodium chloride only when the concentration was over 300 ppm.

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Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Composition of Seaweeds (Ulva reticulata and Sargassum cinctum): A Novel Natural Source of Nutrition

International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience ◽

10.18782/2320-7051.5233 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1210-1216 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. H. Ishakani ◽

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Natural Source

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Immune Pressure on Polymorphous Influenza B Populations Results in Diverse Hemagglutinin Escape Mutants and Lineage Switching

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines8010125 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ewan P. Plant ◽

Hasmik Manukyan ◽

Jose L. Sanchez ◽

Majid Laassri ◽

Zhiping Ye

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Human Population ◽

Amino Acid Position ◽

Progeny Virus ◽

Influenza B Virus ◽

Influenza B ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Amino Acid Residues ◽

Immune Pressure ◽

Ha Protein

Mutations arise in the genomes of progeny viruses during infection. Mutations that occur in epitopes targeted by host antibodies allow the progeny virus to escape the host adaptive, B-cell mediated antibody immune response. Major epitopes have been identified in influenza B virus (IBV) hemagglutinin (HA) protein. However, IBV strains maintain a seasonal presence in the human population and changes in IBV genomes in response to immune pressure are not well characterized. There are two lineages of IBV that have circulated in the human population since the 1980s, B-Victoria and B-Yamagata. It is hypothesized that early exposure to one influenza subtype leads to immunodominance. Subsequent seasonal vaccination or exposure to new subtypes may modify subsequent immune responses, which, in turn, results in selection of escape mutations in the viral genome. Here we show that while some mutations do occur in known epitopes suggesting antibody escape, many mutations occur in other parts of the HA protein. Analysis of mutations outside of the known epitopes revealed that these mutations occurred at the same amino acid position in viruses from each of the two IBV lineages. Interestingly, where the amino acid sequence differed between viruses from each lineage, reciprocal amino acid changes were observed. That is, the virus from the Yamagata lineage become more like the Victoria lineage virus and vice versa. Our results suggest that some IBV HA sequences are constrained to specific amino acid codons when viruses are cultured in the presence of antibodies. Some changes to the known antigenic regions may also be restricted in a lineage-dependent manner. Questions remain regarding the mechanisms underlying these results. The presence of amino acid residues that are constrained within the HA may provide a new target for universal vaccines for IBV.

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Effects of Length of Storage, and Stratification on Germination of Whitebark Pine Seeds

Western Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/wjaf/26.1.24 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew D. Bower ◽

Dave Kolotelo ◽

Sally N. Aitken

Keyword(s):

Genetic Resources ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Cold Stratification ◽

Germination Capacity ◽

Whitebark Pine ◽

High Viability ◽

Wide Range ◽

Geographic Regions ◽

Viable Seeds

Abstract The effects of length of storage and stratification on germination of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) seeds were determined for 180 open-pollinated families from throughout most of the species range. Seeds came from four geographic regions and were stored from 0 to 10 years at one of four storage facilities. Seeds received a standard 1 month of warm moist treatment and 2 months of cold stratification treatment and germination regime, and germination capacity was determined for 100 viable seeds per family. A subset of families received an additional 6 months of cold stratification. Mean germination was 13.4% after 2 months of cold stratification and 76.6% after an additional 6 months of cold stratification, with a wide range among seedlots for both assessments. The length of storage did not affect germination significantly in the first test, but it was associated with a decline in the second test. Germination capacity of up to 80% was achieved with seeds that had been in storage for 10 years. High viability of stored seeds indicate that ex situ seed storage should provide a viable means of conserving genetic resources; however, we recommend that standard protocols for germination of whitebark pine seeds be modified by extending the cold stratification period.

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