scholarly journals Metáforas do novo coronavírus e da pandemia/COVID-19 em artigos de opinião publicados no Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
A. Ariadne Domingues Almeida ◽  
Elisângela Santana Dos Santos ◽  
Neila Maria Oliveira Santana
Keyword(s):  
Natural Virus

Apresentamos, neste texto, resultados de um estudo que teve por objetivo compreender como o coronavírus e a pandemia/COVID-19 são metaforicamente conceptualizados em artigos de opinião publicados em veículos de comunicação com ampla circulação no Brasil. Para isso, tomamos a Linguística Cognitiva como norte teórico. Assim sendo, traçamos diálogos com autores como Lakoff e Johnson (1980), Almeida e Santana (2019), Almeida e Santos (2019), Pérez (2018), entre outros. No que diz respeito à metodologia adotada para desenvolvimento da pesquisa empreendida, seguimos a abordagem qualitativa do objeto de estudo, dando-lhe um tratamento descritivo e interpretativo. Concluído o trabalho, verificamos que as conceptualizações postas em pauta foram estruturadas por metáforas, a exemplo de DOENÇA É GUERRA, DOENÇA É FENÔMENO NATURAL, VÍRUS É DIVINDADE, VÍRUS É SER VIVO.

Overexpression of an insect virus encoded silencing suppressor does not enhance plants’ susceptibility to its natural virus

VirusDisease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari Veena Sinha ◽  
Abdul Kader Jailani ◽  
Bikash Mandal ◽  
Sunil K. Mukherjee ◽  
Neeti Sanan-Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Silencing Suppressor ◽  
Insect Virus ◽  
Natural Virus

scholarly journals Heat Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Caenorhabditis elegans to Orsay Virus Infection

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Yuqing Huang ◽  
Mark G. Sterken ◽  
Koen van Zwet ◽  
Lisa van Sluijs ◽  
Gorben P. Pijlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Molecular Responses ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Pathogen Response ◽  
Orsay Virus ◽  
Natural Virus

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been a versatile model for understanding the molecular responses to abiotic stress and pathogens. In particular, the response to heat stress and virus infection has been studied in detail. The Orsay virus (OrV) is a natural virus of C. elegans and infection leads to intracellular infection and proteostatic stress, which activates the intracellular pathogen response (IPR). IPR related gene expression is regulated by the genes pals-22 and pals-25, which also control thermotolerance and immunity against other natural pathogens. So far, we have a limited understanding of the molecular responses upon the combined exposure to heat stress and virus infection. We test the hypothesis that the response of C. elegans to OrV infection and heat stress are co-regulated and may affect each other. We conducted a combined heat-stress-virus infection assay and found that after applying heat stress, the susceptibility of C. elegans to OrV was decreased. This difference was found across different wild types of C. elegans. Transcriptome analysis revealed a list of potential candidate genes associated with heat stress and OrV infection. Subsequent mutant screens suggest that pals-22 provides a link between viral response and heat stress, leading to enhanced OrV tolerance of C. elegans after heat stress.

scholarly journals Variation of positiveness to enhance testing of specimens during an epidemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Kadri
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Suggested Method ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Rapid Testing ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Numerical Tests ◽  
Specific Configuration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Natural Virus

Rapid testing of appropriate specimens from patients suspected for a disease during an epidemic, such as the current Coronavirus outbreak, is of a great importance for the disease management and control. We propose a method to enhance processing large amounts of collected samples. The method is based on mixing samples in testing tubes in a specific configuration, as opposed to testing single samples in each tube, and accounting for natural virus amounts in infected patients from variation of positiveness in test tubes. To illustrate the efficiency of the suggested method we carry out numerical tests for actual scenarios under various tests. Applying the proposed method enhances the number of tests by order of magnitudes, where all positives are identified with no false negatives, and the effective testing time can be reduced drastically even when the uncertainty in the test is relatively high.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE AGENT OF INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS

1950 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles E. Drake ◽  
Albert W. Kitts ◽  
Mercer C. Blanchard ◽  
John D. Farquhar ◽  
Joseph Stokes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Infectious Hepatitis ◽  
Amniotic Cavity ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Secondary Stage ◽  
Embryo Tissue ◽  
Natural Virus

The successful cultivation of the virus of infectious hepatitis in chick embryo tissue culture and in the amniotic cavity of the embryonated hen's egg is supported by a comparison of the disease induced in volunteers by the cultivated virus with hepatitis without jaundice resulting from experimental infection with natural infectious hepatitis virus. Both types of viral preparations produced illnesses in comparable percentages of volunteers (83 and 75 per cent, respectively) after similar average periods of incubation (24.4 and 23.4 days, respectively) and of similar average duration (28.3 and 27.6 days, respectively). The disease could be divided in both groups of patients into a primary stage, followed after a short interval of relative well being by the secondary stage. The illnesses in both instances were characterized by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, enlarged, tender livers and abnormal liver function tests, and frequently temperature elevations. They differed in that jaundice was observed in 31 per cent of the cases resulting from infection with natural virus but not in any patients infected with the cultivated virus.

scholarly journals Incidence of natural virus infections of laboratory animals 1976-1977

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Carthew ◽  
S. Sparrow ◽  
A. P. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Natural Virus

The incidence of clinical viral disease in mice, hamsters, rats, guinea-pigs and rabbits in the United Kingdom in 1976-1977 is recorded. The significance of these diseases is discussed and recommendations for their control are made.

Natural Virus Infection in Silvery and Nonsilvery Lines ofCucurbita pepo

Plant Disease ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Natural Virus

scholarly journals 14. Engineering and Characterization of a Cloned Adenoviral-Library to Explore Natural Virus Diversity

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. S7-S8
Author(s):  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Jun Fu ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Sebastian Janz ◽  
Maren Schiwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Diversity ◽  
Natural Virus

scholarly journals The Versatility of Paramyxovirus RNA Polymerase Stuttering

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 5568-5576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Hausmann ◽  
Dominique Garcin ◽  
Christophe Delenda ◽  
Daniel Kolakofsky
Keyword(s):  
Sendai Virus ◽  
Editing Site ◽  
Parainfluenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Mrna Editing ◽  
P Gene ◽  
Nucleotide Insertions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Natural Virus

ABSTRACT Paramyxoviruses cotranscriptionally edit their P gene mRNAs by expanding the number of Gs of a conserved AnGnrun. Different viruses insert different distributions of guanylates, e.g., Sendai virus inserts a single G, whereas parainfluenza virus type 3 inserts one to six Gs. The sequences conserved at the editing site, as well as the experimental evidence, suggest that the insertions occur by a stuttering process, i.e., by pseudotemplated transcription. The number of times the polymerase “stutters” at the editing site before continuing strictly templated elongation is directed by acis-acting sequence found upstream of the insertions. We have examined the stuttering process during natural virus infections by constructing recombinant Sendai viruses with mutations in theircis-acting sequences. We found that the template stutter site is precisely determined (C1052) and that a relatively short region (∼6 nucleotides) just upstream of the AnGn run can modulate the overall frequency of mRNA editing as well as the distribution of the nucleotide insertions. The positions more proximal to the 5′ AnGn run are the most important in this respect. We also provide evidence that the stability of the mRNA/template hybrid plays a determining role in the overall frequency and range of mRNA editing. When the template U run is extended all the way to the stutter site, adenylates rather than guanylates are added at the editing site and their distribution begins to resemble the polyadenylation associated with mRNA 3′ end formation by the viral polymerase. Our data suggest how paramyxovirus mRNA editing and polyadenylation are related mechanistically and how editing sites may have evolved from poly(A)-termination sites or vice versa.

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