HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF VIOLATIONS OF WORKERS OF ENTERPRISES OF FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX

2017 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.K. Karimova ◽  
В.А. Kaptsov ◽  
T.M. Salimgareeva ◽  
L.N. Mavrina ◽  
Z.F. Gimaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Federal Districts

The estimation of professional risk on the basis of a priori and a posteriori criteria at five enterprises of the fuel and energy complex located in the Volga and Urals Federal Districts was carried out. Based on the conducted studies, a conceptual model for assessing risk management in oil producing, oil refining and petrochemical enterprises was developed, tested in real conditions and demonstrated high efficiency.

Evaluating Risk After a Hazardous Waste Treatment Plant Released Persistent Organic Pollutants. Part 1. Background and Policy Issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tee L. Guidotti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Treatment Plant

On 16 October 1996, a malfunction at the Swan Hills Special Waste Treatment Center (SHSWTC) in Alberta, Canada, released an undetermined quantity of persistent organic pollutants to the atmosphere. An ecologically based, staged health risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the human health risk, the findings of which are presented in Part 2, on Ecotoxicology and Human Health Risk. The incident resulted in the largest fine for an environmental infraction in Alberta history up to that time. Despite the incident, the province of Alberta has continued to subsidize the facility and has kept it in operation, with changes in management. The policy rationale is that if the facility were not available, accumulation and possible diversion of hazardous waste into illegal disposal alternatives would threaten the environment much more than operation of the plant. This case study illustrates an ecological approach to risk assessment and an attempted culturally sensitive approach to risk management. Incidents in which people are exposed to toxic substances do not occur in a social vacuum. Risk management strategies must be adapted to groups with different cultural values and expectations. Community and individual responses to such incidents, and the development of health advisory messages, may depend on presenting information on exposure and risk in terms consistent with cultural patterns among subpopulations in the community.

Principles of risk assessment and risk management

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Smedley ◽  
Finlay Dick ◽  
Steven Sadhra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management ◽  
P Sources

Introduction and terminology 416Conceptual model 417General principles 418Sources of scientific evidence and uncertainty 420Risk communication and perception 421Decisions in OH often entail a choice between two or more options, the comparative merits of which are not immediately obvious. The decision may be for an individual (e.g. whether to ground a pilot because of a health problem), for the whole of a workforce (e.g. whether to immunize HCWs against smallpox), or at a societal level (e.g. whether to permit the use of a pesticide). Risk management is the process by which decisions of this sort are made, following an assessment of the risks and benefits associated with each option. Depending on the nature of the decision, the process of risk assessment and management may be more or less formalized....

Human health risk associated with direct potable reuse – evaluation through quantitative relative risk assessment case studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Soller ◽  
M. H. Nellor ◽  
C. J. Cruz ◽  
E. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Relative Risk Assessment ◽  
Direct Potable Reuse

Two hypothetical quantitative relative risk assessment (QRRA) case study evaluations illustrate how QRRA can inform risk management decisions for direct potable reuse.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Ambient Air In A Dispute Over Petrochemical Emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Theodore Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Environmental Disputes ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Science Policy Interface ◽  
Chemical Valley

Combined air emissions from multiple petrochemical facilities operating in the area known as Chemical Valley in Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, have led to escalating concerns over health effects to nearby residents. By conducting a quantitative health risk assessment of ambient air data collected from 2008-2014, this thesis investigated whether current emissions are resulting in increased health risk for the population living near Chemical Valley. The results of this analysis are that health risks are slightly higher than levels considered acceptable for large populations, but are within levels often accepted for smaller groups based on the traditional risk assessment - risk management paradigm. Interpreting these results in the context of the literature about the science-policy interface, and environmental dispute resolution, this thesis highlights several problems with using the traditional risk assessment - risk management paradigm as the basis for decision-making in environmental disputes— particularly when the affected population is Indigenous.

On methodological approaches to evaluation of multifactor risk for population exposed to environmental hazards

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Blagodareva ◽  
Aleksey S. Kornilkov ◽  
Sergei V. Yarushin ◽  
Olga L. Malyh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Health Risk Management

Health risk evaluation, as subjected to many environmental factors (chemical, physical, lifestyle, etc.), is a topical scientific and practical task, because human is never exposed to a single factor, and human health risk management requires consideration of maximal possible amount of environmental and factorial influences. The article deals with methodological approaches to multifactor risk evaluation and contains the results of pilot project on mortality risk assessment, exemplified by population of the Kirovograd city district of Sverdlovsk region, considering smoking and multifactor exposure to noise and chemical pollution of air. The authors presented assessment of economic losses due to the exposure and suggestions of methodological approaches development and elaboration of techniques for multifactor risk assessment to improve municipal system of health risk management and provide sanitary and epidemiological safety.

Science-policy in environmental and health risk assessment: if we cannot do without, can we do better?

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
P F Ricci ◽  
L A Cox ◽  
T R MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Epa

How can empirical evidence of adverse effects from exposure to noxious agents, which is often incomplete and uncertain, be used most appropriately to protect human health? We examine several important questions on the best uses of empirical evidence in regulatory risk management decision–making raised by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s science–policy concerning uncertainty and variability in human health risk assessment. In our view, the US EPA (and other agencies that have adopted similar views of risk management) can often improve decision–making by decreasing reliance on default values and assumptions, particularly when causation is uncertain. This can be achieved by more fully exploiting decision–theoretic methods and criteria that explicitly account for uncertain, possibly conflicting scientific beliefs and that can be fully studied by advocates and adversaries of a policy choice, in administrative decision–making involving risk assessment. The substitution of decision–theoretic frameworks for default assumption–driven policies also allows stakeholder attitudes toward risk to be incorporated into policy debates, so that the public and risk managers can more explicitly identify the roles of risk–aversion or other attitudes toward risk and uncertainty in policy recommendations. Decision theory provides a sound scientific way explicitly to account for new knowledge and its effects on eventual policy choices. Although these improvements can complicate regulatory analyses, simplifying default assumptions can create substantial costs to society and can prematurely cut off consideration of new scientific insights (e.g., possible beneficial health effects from exposure to sufficiently low ‘hormetic’ doses of some agents). In many cases, the administrative burden of applying decision–analytic methods is likely to be more than offset by improved effectiveness of regulations in achieving desired goals. Because many foreign jurisdictions adopt US EPA reasoning and methods of risk analysis, it may be especially valuable to incorporate decision–theoretic principles that transcend local differences among jurisdictions.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment Due to Natural Formaldehyde Intake through Opah Fish (Lampris guttatus) Consumption in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeng Kurniasari Putri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Formaldehyde Concentration ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Deterioration Process

Opah fish(Lampris guttatus) is one of the bycatch products of Tuna fish captured originally from Indonesia that currently has become as one of the exported commodities. However, it is stated that these fish contains high formaldehyde up to 200 ppm, which is strongly suspected naturally due to deterioration. Furthermore, the aim of this study is to obtain the data of probabilistic health risk assessment due to consumption of opah fish that contaminated with natural formaldehyde. The study was conducted on opah fish (Lampris guttatus) that were analyzed the formaldehyde concentration in it. Along with the consumption data, body weight and the formaldehyde concentration included two others simulations of two times and four times of formaldehyde value, probabilistic dietary exposure was calculated by @Risk and produced some data regard to health risk. The result showed that Opah fish caught in Indonesian waters could produce formaldehyde naturally due to deterioration process ranged from 4,62 ± 0,00 mg/kg to 58,10 ± 0,46 mg/kg. Consequently, the residents of female children in Jakarta and Surabaya considered as in health risk problems. Extremely, the further simulations of two times and four times of formaldehyde concentration showed the health risk to all residents in Jakarta and Surabaya included male, female, children, and adult. Therefore, the stakeholders included government and policymakers should take some priorities to formulating a proper risk management strategy on the basis of knowledge of endogenous formaldehyde present in Opah fish and risk management strategies for the fish consumer in Indonesia.

scholarly journals O risco visto a posteriori e o risco imputado a priori nos contratos de um banco de desenvolvimento

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Denise Benetti Ramirez ◽  
Francis Carlo Petterini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Financial System ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Development Banks

The article deals with two subjects rarely intersecting in the literature: risk of default and development banks. As risk management is critical to maximizing profit in commercial banks, there are many analyzes of this type. But perhaps because the development banks have indirect role in the financial system, there are few studies with this specificity. But a careless risk management in such banks may compromise the strategic financing of entire regions and sectors. In this sense, the research obtained unprecedented access to microdata of contracts of a Brazilian development bank. After estimating probabilities of default (PD) among borrower profiles, the study contrasts the risk ratings attributed a priori. It is observed indications of distortions in the ratings of some entrepreneurial profiles, and a consequent dilemma: to correct this the institution would take more exiguous contracts, contrary to the purpose of the bank.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Ambient Air In A Dispute Over Petrochemical Emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Theodore Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Environmental Disputes ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Science Policy Interface ◽  
Chemical Valley

Combined air emissions from multiple petrochemical facilities operating in the area known as Chemical Valley in Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, have led to escalating concerns over health effects to nearby residents. By conducting a quantitative health risk assessment of ambient air data collected from 2008-2014, this thesis investigated whether current emissions are resulting in increased health risk for the population living near Chemical Valley. The results of this analysis are that health risks are slightly higher than levels considered acceptable for large populations, but are within levels often accepted for smaller groups based on the traditional risk assessment - risk management paradigm. Interpreting these results in the context of the literature about the science-policy interface, and environmental dispute resolution, this thesis highlights several problems with using the traditional risk assessment - risk management paradigm as the basis for decision-making in environmental disputes— particularly when the affected population is Indigenous.

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