scholarly journals Commanding Right and Forbidding Wrong in Islamic Thought

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
Amr G. Sabet
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qur'anic Exegesis ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This book, an historical survey of the Islamic injunction to command rightand forbid wrong, a biographical exposé of Muslims who understood andpracticed this principle, and a bibliographical reference, is a welcome andtimely addition to the literature on Islamic thought. Detailed and extensive,yet not particularly difficult to read, it is equally accessible to all readers. Itsmain theme is the basic Islamic individual and communal duty to stop otherpeople from doing wrong. Cook contends that few cultures have paid suchmeticulous concern to this matter, despite the issue’s intelligibility in justabout any culture.As a central Islamic tenet, this principle could not be ignored, and yet itssociopolitical implications and consequences made it the focus of rigorousattention by Muslim scholars. The doctrine inexorably brings up the balancingand equally sacrosanct value of privacy, together with issues of knowledge,specialization, competence, and stability – the “how” of the whole matter.After all, the act of forbidding wrong was not supposed to undermine theprinciple by becoming an intrusive breach of privacy, an excursus into socialprying, or a potential justification for unmitigated rebellion against the state.The book consists of five parts comprising 20 chapters. Part I sets thedescriptive framework by elaborating the normative material found in theQur’an, Qur’anic exegesis, tradition, and biographical literature about earlyMuslims. Part II is dedicated to the Hanbali school ince its foundation byAhmad ibn Hanbal (d. 241/855) in Baghdad. The author traces its shiftinginfluences in Damascus and Najd, where the school continues to have a holdin the Saudi state to this day. Part III deals with the Mu‘tazilis and their Zaydiand Imami heirs, all of which, Cook contends, provide the richest documentationfor the intellectual history of forbidding wrong. The remaining Sunnischools of thought, the Khariji Ibadis, together with a chapter on al-Ghazali’stackling of the duty and another chapter pulling together the discussion ofclassical Islam, comprise Part IV. Finally, Part V surveys the duty’s saliencein modern Islamic thought and developments in both the Sunni and Imamischools and engages in a comparative exercise with this duty’s pre-Islamicantecedents and with non-Islamic cultures, including the modern West ...

Toward an Islamic Framework for Worldview Studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-43
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Berghout
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Field Of Inquiry ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The paper examines the importance of designing a framework for studying worldviews within the parameters of contemporary Islamic thought. It briefly reviews both selected western and Islamic stances on worldview studies. The literature reveals that research on this topic and its application to different spheres has become a topic of some interest to many intellectual circles, particularly in the western context. Hence, the possibility of forming an Islamic civilizational framework for an inquiry into people’s worldviews needs to be assessed. This article follows a textual analysis and inductive approach to analyze the prospects of formulating an Islamic framework for research on worldviews and its applications. It concludes that western scholars have made considerable efforts in treating people’s worldviews as a field of study, while Muslim scholars have not. In this respect, many western researchers have contributed to developing worldview studies as a separate field of inquiry, including the history of concept, subject matter, objectives, kinds, methods, and applications. Therefore, the need to enhance the Islamic input and research pertaining to this field by introducing an Islamic civilizational framework and approach of inquiry becomes apparent.

Bulghaith al-Darawi and Barthélemy d'Herbelot: Readers of the Qur'an in Seventeenth-Century Tuscany

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-120
Author(s):  
Pier Mattia Tommasino
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
History Of Reading ◽  
Textual Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This paper is an exercise in the history of reading and textual production in seventeeth-century Florence. Through the analysis of a very short and fascinating miscellaneous manuscript (BNCF, MS Magliabechi XXXIV.31), this article aims to disentangle the complex and intertwined relations between European orientalism, Italian intellectual history, and Muslim exegesis of the Qur'an in the seventeenth century. Despite its fragmentary nature, the material, linguistic, and doctrinal features of this miscellaneous manuscript shed new light on the study of Oriental languages in seventeenth-century Florence and, especially, on Barthélemy d'Herbelot's (1625–1695) stay in Tuscany between 1666 and 1671, and the Muslim scholars he worked with and learned from during this time.

Islam without Europe

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad S. Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
European Colonization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Ganges

Replete with a cast of giants in Islamic thought and philosophy, Ahmad S. Dallal’s pathbreaking intellectual history of the eighteenth-century Muslim world challenges stale views of this period as one of decline, stagnation, and the engendering of a widespread fundamentalism. Far from being moribund, Dallal argues, the eighteenth century--prior to systematic European encounters--was one of the most fertile eras in Islamic thought. Across vast Islamic territories, Dallal charts in rich detail not only how intellectuals rethought and reorganized religious knowledge but also the reception and impact of their ideas. From the banks of the Ganges to the shores of the Atlantic, commoners and elites alike embraced the appeals of Muslim thinkers who, while preserving classical styles of learning, advocated for general participation by Muslims in the definition of Islam. Dallal also uncovers the regional origins of most reform projects, showing how ideologies were forged in particular sociopolitical contexts. Reformists’ ventures were in large part successful--up until the beginnings of European colonization of the Muslim world. By the nineteenth century, the encounter with Europe changed Islamic discursive culture in significant ways into one that was largely articulated in reaction to the radical challenges of colonialism.

scholarly journals Against the Modern World

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
Ali Hassan Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
North America ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Modern World ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Perennial Philosophy ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslims In Europe ◽  
Muslim Scholars

One effect of 9/11 has been that Muslim voices, which until then had beenmostly ignored, are increasingly reaching a wider audience of other Muslimsand non-Muslims. In Europe and North America, this has meant that selfidentified“progressive” Muslim scholars who emphasize social justice, aswell as “traditional” Muslims who emphasize Islam’s spiritual or esotericdimension, have been contributing in a much more vocal manner to the contemporaryinterpretation of what it means to be Muslim. Since most of theleading figures presented herein are Sufi Muslims of a particular strand ofesoteric Islam, this book helps fill an important lacuna concerning the developmentof the traditionalist position – a position that has been voiced bysuch Muslim scholars as Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Martin Lings.Sedgwick promotes the book as a biography of René Guénon (1886-1951) and an intellectual history of the traditionalist movement that heinaugurated in the early twentieth century. Guénon’s movement combineselements of perennial philosophy, which holds that certain perennial problemsrecur in humanity’s philosophical concerns, and that this perennialwisdom is now only found in the traditional forms of the world religions ...

scholarly journals Analisis Kepemimpinan Perempuan Muslim dalam Konteks Kontemporer

POLITEA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Mufarikhin Mufarikhin ◽  
Siti Malaiha Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
High Position ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
High Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
Heads Of State ◽  
Contemporary Context ◽  
Muslim Scholars

<p><em>Women's leadership has been a controversial issue in the contemporary history of several Muslim societies. Meanwhile, in relation to this, some scholars have permitted it as a form of social necessity in a modern context, most Muslim scholars have also refused because of its effect which is considered to be debilitating. Examples of women's leadership in general and as heads of Muslim states can be found in the context of the success of Benazir Bhutto in Pakistan, Khalida Zia and Sheikh Hasina in Bangladesh, Megawati Sukarnoputri in Indonesia, Atifete Jahjaga in Kosovo, Roza Otunbayeva in Kyrgyzstan, and Mame Madior Boye in Senegal. This issue is debatable because there is no clear direction regarding the leadership of the state and the high position of government which makes the problem divisive and full of conflict. Given the context, there is a need to analyze Muslim leadership in a contemporary context. This paper discusses the concept, brief history, the importance of women's leadership and analyzes the views of Islamic scholars within the scope of contemporary Islamic thought, which are based on the textual arguments of the Qur'an and Sunnah of Muslim scholars. This paper concludes that although a small portion of the entire Muslim spectrum tries to justify allowing women's leadership to develop social, economic and political perspectives, many Muslim scholars view it as a violation of God's commandments and, therefore, strictly preventing the appointment of women as both heads of state. high government officials.</em></p>

scholarly journals Sufi Qur'ānic Exegesis and Theomorphic Anthropology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-154
Author(s):  
Stephen Cúrto
Keyword(s):  
Divine Attributes ◽  
Mulla Sadra ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ibn Arabi ◽  
Qur'anic Exegesis

Of all the various ideological controversies in the history of Islamic thought, one of the most highly contentious areas are those surrounding the ontological nature of the Divine attributes (Ṣifāt Allah). Such questions surrounding God’s attributes, and what delineation, if any, is to be made between the nature of God in his Divine attributes and in his Being (Dhāt Allah) preoccupied some of the greatest classical participants in the ‘ilm al-kalām systematic theological disputation tradition. This study engages Qur’ānic paradigms of theomorphic anthropology and re-interrogations by Sufi thinkers. There is a rich debate within Islamic Scholarship on the nature of the Divine attributes, and their interrelationship, if any, with Banī Adam. Many of the mystical Sufi scholars, such as Ibn ‘Arabī, Mūlla Sadra, Nāṣir Khusraw, and Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī all articulated onto-theological concepts in their writing that became known as Waḥdat al-Wujud, Tajallī Allah, Tajallī al-Nafs’ Nafs-e ‘Aql, and Nafs-e Kūl. This paper argues that the idea of Divine immanence articulated in concepts like ‘Tajallī al-Nafs’ is not a later retrojection onto Qur’ānic material. Rather it is the Qur’ānic material that exegeted with a meaningful and consistent hermeneutic resulted in their theosophical understandings.

Missionaries and the Intellectual History of Africa: A Historical Survey

Itinerario ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Etherington
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Canadian Journal ◽  
African Studies ◽  
African History ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Historical studies of Christian missionaries in Africa have not prospered in recent years. TheJournal of African History, which printed six articles on missionaries during the first ten years of its existence, has only printed two articles on the subject in the course of the last ten years. Only one book on missionaries has been published by a major university press in Britain or America since 1972. Very occasionally articles about missionaries appear in theInternational Journal of African Historical StudiesandAfrican Affairsbut never in theCanadian Journal of African Studiesor theJournal of Modern African Studies.

scholarly journals Konsep Pendidikan Sosiologi Menurut Perspektif Ibn Khaldun

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 184-199
Author(s):  
Fery Yanto
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Library Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This article describes the concept of sociological education according to Ibn Khaldun's perspective. The fact of sociology education is to maintain and strengthen people's social relationships in order to stay harmony and peaceful while paying attention to the values of Islamic teachings in accordance with the Qur'an and Sunnah. As a study of the intellectual history of sociological thinking, the research method used in this discussion is through historical and sociological approaches obtained through the study or study of libraries (library research) that is qualitative descriptive, namely trying to uncover, analyze, present data and facts related to this discussion through primary data taken directly in the Book of Muqaddimah and secondary data taken from other relevant books in this discussion. As for the results of this study is finding the extraordinary fact that it turns out that Ibn Khaldun's thoughts on social sciences (sociology) and history are basically. Sociological theories and history became a foothold in modern intellectuals although the big names were dimmed during the golden age of European intellectuals The role of orientalists and Muslim scholars examining the thinking of 14th-century Muslim scholars opened the world's eyes to the quality of the thinking of Muslim scholars and should be studied as a scholarly speciality, especially in the field of social and historical sciences. Even modern thinkers have not been able to match his thinking.

scholarly journals SEJARAH MUNCULNYA PEMIKIRAN ISLAM LIBERAL DI INDONESIA 1970-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Samsudin Samsudin ◽  
Nina Herlina Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Kemajuan yang dicapai oleh negara Barat dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, dan ekonomi, berakar pada trilogi liberalisme, pluralisme, dan sekularisme. Atas dasar itulah, beberapa tokoh Islam Indonesia ingin memajukan umatnya dengan trilogi tersebut. Dalam perjalanannya, tokoh Islam seperti Nurcholish Madjid dan Ulil Abshar menuai kritik dari Rasjidi dan Atiyan Ali.  Puncaknya adalah ketika MUI mengeluarkan fatwa mengharamkan Islam liberal. Bagaimana gambaran sejarah masuk Islam liberal di Indonesia? Mengapa terjadi polemik Islam liberal di Indonesia? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah, meliputi heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sejarah Islam liberal di Indonesia terbagi ke dalam empat tahap, yaitu: Tahap awal ketika masih menyatu dengan pemikiran neo-modernisme. Kedua, pembentukan enam paradigma Islam liberal. Ketiga adanya kritik dan evaluasi pemikiran Islam liberal. Kemudian sebab terjadinya polemk pemikiran Islam liberal disebabkan oleh perbedaan paradigma berfikir dan metodologi memahami ajaran Islam dalam melihat realitas yang terjadi di masyarakat pada masa kontemporer. The progress achieved  by Western countries in the fields of science, technology and economics is rooted in liberalism, pluralism and secularism. For this reason, some Indonesian Muslim intellectuals want to reform their people accordingly. However, in working with these modern ideas, the polemics arose as those Muslim scholars such as Nurcholish Madjid and Ulil Abshar were criticized by Rasyidi and Atiyan Ali. This caused the MUI to issued a fatwa forbidding Liberal Islam. This study addressed two questions: How did liberal Islam come to Indonesia? Why did liberal Islam polemic occur in Indonesia? The method employed in this study is historical method which is comprised of heuristics, criticism or analysis, interpretation, and historiography.  The result of the study shows that the history of liberal Islam in Indonesia was developed into four stages. First, when the thought of liberal Islam was still integrated with neo-modernism. Second, the establishment of six liberal Islam paradigms. Third, the emergence of criticism and evaluation toward it. Fourth, the polemic of liberal Islamic thought was caused by different paradigms and methodology in understanding the teaching of Islam that is compatible with the needs of contemporary society.

Rediscovering the Islamic Classics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed El Shamsy
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Religious Reform ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of

Islamic book culture dates back to late antiquity, when Muslim scholars began to write down their doctrines on parchment, papyrus, and paper and then to compose increasingly elaborate analyses of, and commentaries on, these ideas. Movable type was adopted in the Middle East only in the early nineteenth century, and it wasn't until the second half of the century that the first works of classical Islamic religious scholarship were printed there. But from that moment on, as this book reveals, the technology of print transformed Islamic scholarship and Arabic literature. The book tells the story of how a small group of editors and intellectuals brought forgotten works of Islamic literature into print and defined what became the classical canon of Islamic thought. Through the lens of the literary culture of nineteenth- and twentieth-century Arab cities—especially Cairo, a hot spot of the nascent publishing business—the book explores the contributions of these individuals, who included some of the most important thinkers of the time. Through their efforts to find and publish classical literature, the book shows, many nearly lost works were recovered, disseminated, and harnessed for agendas of linguistic, ethical, and religious reform. The book is an examination of the central role printing and its advocates played in the intellectual history of the modern Arab world.

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