Нормативно-правовое поле в сфере водоснабжения и водоотведения

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
I. Pavlinova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Codes Of Practice ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

В настоящее время в России принципиально изменился подход к процессу создания новой нормативной базы и контролю качества продукции. АО МосводоканалНИИпроект уже 80 лет занимается проектированием систем водоснабжения и водоотведения с использованием нормативноправовой базы РФ. Институт не только проектирует, но и имеет большой опыт по созданию нормативных документов (санитарных норм и правил, сводов правил и др.). Проведенный анализ нормативноправовой базы в сфере проектирования, строительства и эксплуатации систем водоснабжения и водоотведения показал, что на федеральном уровне этот вопрос решен, однако на региональном уровне требуется его дальнейшая глубокая проработка. Нередко требуется доработка, а в некоторых случаях и переработка утвержденных ключевых документов. Избежать недоработок в нормативной базе возможно лишь при тщательном анализе технических и технологических решений с привлечением широкого круга специалистов и при корректном внесении изменений в действующие нормативноправовые акты.At present the approach to the process of developing a new regulatory framework and product quality control has been essentially changed. MosvodokanalNIIproject JSC already 80 years has been designing water supply and sanitation systems with the use of the RF regulatory and legal framework. Aside from designing the Institute has been well experienced in developing regulatory documents (sanitary norms and rules, codes of practice etc.). The analysis of the regulatory and legal framework conducted in the field of designing, constructing and operating water supply and sanitation systems shows that this matter has been settled at the federal level however, at the regional level its indepth analysis is needed. Every so often improvement and, in some cases, revision of the approved key documents is required. Avoiding shortfalls in the regulatory framework is possible only with the careful analysis of the technical and technological solutions involving a wide range of experts and with the correct amendments to the effective regulatory and legal acts. Key words: regulatory and legal framework, water supply and sanitation systems, design, construction, operation.

scholarly journals WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMPLEXES

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
L. V Bartova ◽  
N. V Bushmakina ◽  
E. O Petukhova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Object A ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

The authors of the article revealed the directions of development of water supply and sanitation systems of multifunctional buildings, the specific features and the most rational design solutions of systems. Design of water supply and sanitation components of the complex (residential part, infrastructure) is based on standards and experience in the design of such facilities located separately and operating independently. At the same time, the design has specific features because many objects are parts of a single complex. For example, such as the duplication or redundancy of individual elements of the system; the device of a separate fire extinguishing system, including a reservoir with a supply of water; the use of additional equipment aimed at saving water; installation of local wastewater treatment facilities of industrial premises; design of rain sewers with closed outlets. The article presents a simplified method for determining the maximum hourly and second water and wastewater flow rates for buildings with a large number of water users.Determination on set of rules30.13330.2016 is conducted only for the most water-intensive consumers, which account for more than 90 % of the daily water consumption of the entire complex and the number of which usually does not exceed three.The expenses of other small water consumers are taken into account additionally as a percentage of consumption of water-intensive facilities. It is determined that the share of small consumers in the maximum hourly consumption of water and wastewater is 6 %, in the maximum second consumption - 4,5 %. The collected information is used in the design of a specific object - a complex of two residential buildings on a common stylobate part, which houses the infrastructure facilities of administrative, commercial and fitness purposes.

Алгоритм оценки степени физического износа структурно сложных объектов ВКХ с применением риск-ориентированного подхода

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
V. Grachev ◽  
N. Kurysheva ◽  
O. Plyamina ◽  
V. Lobkovskiy ◽  
E. Nefedova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Physical Deterioration ◽  
Indicator Framework ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Проведенный анализ современных нормативноправовых документов и практики оценки физического износа структурно сложных объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства показал, что современные методы оценки не учитывают особенности этих объектов. Выявлены факторы, влияющие на структуру показателей оценки физического износа по основным группам и элементам объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства. На их основе разработан алгоритм оценки физического износа объектов с применением рискориентированного подхода для трех уровней: объект, технологические элементы объекта (сооружения), функциональные элементы в составе сооружений (здания, оборудование). Использование алгоритма позволяет разработать рекомендации по корректировке периодичности и частоте проведения мониторинга показателей уровня физического износа объектов централизованных систем водоснабжения и водоотведения и их элементов. Практическое применение разработанного алгоритма будет способствовать внедрению современных подходов по управлению рисками, связанными с уровнем физического износа и оценкой вероятности потенциальных негативных последствий природного, антропогенного и другого характера. Внедрение алгоритма позволит также устанавливать уязвимые области и проводить предупредительные мероприятия в отношении возникновения угрозы нарушения обязательных требований, в том числе меры по снижению рисков (техникотехнологическое обновление зданий, сооружений, оборудования). Это необходимо для объективного и обоснованного планирования капитального ремонта, восстановления и развития объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства и их элементов.The paper analyzes current regulatory documents and experience in the field of assessing the deterioration of structurally complex water supply and sanitation facilities. The paper shows that modern assessment procedures do not take into account any features of such objects. The paper identifies factors that affect the indicator framework for assessing the physical deterioration of the main groups and components of water supply and sanitation facilities. Based on these factors, the paper proposes an algorithm for assessing the physical deterioration of facilities using a riskoriented approach for three levels: an object itself, its engineering components (facilities), and their functional elements (buildings, equipment). The paper indicates that the use of the algorithm would provide for developing recommendations for adjusting the frequency of monitoring indicators of the physical deterioration level of facilities of public water supply and sanitation systems and their elements. The implementation of the developed algorithm would contribute to the successful introduction of advanced approaches to managing risks associated with the level of physical deterioration and assessing the probability of potential negative consequences of natural, anthropogenic, and other origins. The introduction of the algorithm would also allow identifying vulnerable areas and taking preventive measures against the threat of violation of mandatory requirements including measures for reducing risks (technical and engineering renovation of buildings, facilities, equipment). This is required for objective and substantiated planning of overhaul, restoration, and development of water supply and sanitation facilities and their components.

Securing 2020 vision for 2030: climate change and ensuring resilience in water and sanitation services

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Howard ◽  
Katrina Charles ◽  
Kathy Pond ◽  
Anca Brookshaw ◽  
Rifat Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Drinking-water supply and sanitation services are essential for human health, but their technologies and management systems are potentially vulnerable to climate change. An assessment was made of the resilience of water supply and sanitation systems against forecast climate changes by 2020 and 2030. The results showed very few technologies are resilient to climate change and the sustainability of the current progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) may be significantly undermined. Management approaches are more important than technology in building resilience for water supply, but the reverse is true for sanitation. Whilst climate change represents a significant threat to sustainable drinking-water and sanitation services, through no-regrets actions and using opportunities to increase service quality, climate change may be a driver for improvements that have been insufficiently delivered to date.

A new paradigm for low-cost urban water supplies and sanitation in developing countries

Water Policy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Mara ◽  
Graham Alabaster
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

To achieve the Millennium Development Goals for urban water supply and sanitation ∼300,000 and ∼400,000 people will have to be provided with an adequate water supply and adequate sanitation, respectively, every day during 2001–2015. The provision of urban water supply and sanitation services for these numbers of people necessitates action not only on an unprecedented scale, but also in a radically new way as “more of the same” is unlikely to achieve these goals. A “new paradigm” is proposed for low-cost urban water supply and sanitation, as follows: water supply and sanitation provision in urban areas and large villages should be to groups of households, not to individual households. Groups of households would form (even be required to form, or pay more if they do not) water and sanitation cooperatives. There would be standpipe and yard-tap cooperatives served by community-managed sanitation blocks, on-site sanitation systems or condominial sewerage, depending on space availability and costs and, for non-poor households, in-house multiple-tap cooperatives served by condominial sewerage or, in low-density areas, by septic tanks with on-site effluent disposal. Very poor households (those unable to afford to form standpipe cooperatives) would be served by community-managed standpipes and sanitation blocks.

scholarly journals Regulatory framework for dietary supplements and the public health challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Ramos Dal Molin ◽  
Gabriela Camera Leal ◽  
Diana Tomazzi Muratt ◽  
Gabriela Zanella Marcon ◽  
Leandro Machado de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Search Tool ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
New Guidelines

OBJECTIVE: The new regulatory framework for dietary supplements in Brazil prompted this analysis of the current outlook of these products and the challenges posed by the new guidelines. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative, observational and descriptive study of dietary supplements commercialized in Brazilian online stores with the help of the Google® search tool. We considered the ingredients on the labels, the effects attributed to these products and the commercial claims used as a means of promoting them to assess the necessary changes for the legal framework in the new guidelines. Finally, with the help of a database, we compared the effects declared by the manufacturers and attributed to certain ingredients with the scientific evidence described in literature. RESULTS: In total, we purchased 44 dietary supplements from Brazilian online stores (n = 7). Of the samples studied, 34.2% could not be classified in the category Dietary Supplements, as recommended by the new regulation of the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency due to the presence of prohibited substances; 16% of products should be commercialized as medicines. Regarding the commercial appeals, 97.7% had banned expressions. Numerous claims of effects attributed to certain products were characterized as consumer fraud because they have no scientific evidence. CONCLUSIONS: The necessary changes represent a major regulatory and production challenge due to the wide range of dietary supplements and markets, an effort that aims to protect the consumers’ health. Some previous gaps in the regulatory framework were not fully solved.

Future water institutions in Palestine

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
National Authority ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Effective Water ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

The Palestinian water sector organizations operate under severe constraints: poor capacities, high political instability and uncertainty, and inadequate funds and sources of funding. A new centralized water systems management option is proposed, which can lead to optimized water resource development and a more reliable, safer and cost effective water supply and sanitation services and systems within a clear legal framework. The proposed approach provides four units of management, resources, administration and water supply and sanitation, which would be in charge of strategic and everyday decision making and integration of water sector management in Palestine. The proposed future institutional reforms are conditional on several legal-administrative, technical and financial considerations within the Palestinian National Authority but more importantly on the continuation of the Israeli military occupation of the Palestinian land and natural resources.

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