Causes of Gross Hematuria in Patient at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To determine the causes of hematuria in patients coming to a tertiary care hospital. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan. Data was collected over a period of six months (June 2016 to December 2016). Data of all the adult male and female patients presenting with complaint of gross hematuria during the period were gathered and analyzed for etiological profile.Results: In the study the most common cause was urological malignancy, which was present in 29 (58%) of patients. This includes all the urological cancers. Among other causes, 11 (22%) patients had urolithiasis while 5 (10%) patients had gross hematuria due to trauma to renal tract. 3 (6%) males had hematuria due to enlarged vascular prostate and only 2 (4%) females had gross hematuria due to urinary tract infection. Conclusion: Urological malignancy was the most common cause of gross hematuria, which is associated with male gender, older age and history of smoking. Other causes were urolithiasis, trauma, BPH and UTI. We recommend screening for malignant disease of all the patients presenting to the departments of urology with the complaint of gross hematuria.

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MEDICAL PROFILE OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS CASES IN CENTRAL INDIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i5.1437 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Devendra Chikara

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Central India ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Different Types ◽

Hospital Patients ◽

History Of

Objective: To investigate the clinical profile of patients with allergic rhinitis in Central India. Material and Methods: Tertiary care hospital patients attending the E.N.T. OPD have been taken into account. The history of all sampled patients and the clinical evaluation were detailed and 800 cases were included in this study. Statistical Analysis: They were articulated in terms of plain proportion. Results: The majorities of patients are under the age of 30 years and are in the third decade of life. It was observed that the proportion of blockers was much higher than sneezers and runners. Most of the predisposing factors were seasonal and house dust. Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis can affect the physical, psychological and social aspects as well as the productivity of the job. There is an important need to raise awareness of different types of illness, including prevention, in the community. Keywords: allergic rhinitis, central India, sneezers.

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A Clinical Study of Secondary Glaucoma with Special Reference to Its Proportion, Causes and Its Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Cross Sectional Study

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (01) ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

Partha Chakma ◽

Debal Kisor Pal ◽

Amar Kanti Chakma

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Special Reference ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Glaucoma ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Cause

BACKGROUND Secondary glaucoma is an anatomically identifiable abnormality which in turn is an underlying cause of the events that lead to aqueous outflow obstruction and rise in the intraocular pressure. This prospective study mainly highlights the secondary glaucoma with special reference to its proportion, causes and its risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS This study was a cross sectional study. Patients, who attended the Department of Ophthalmology after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria diagnosed with secondary glaucoma, were included in the study. The study period was from February 2018 to June 2020. A standard form was filled up for each patient documenting parameters and findings of various examinations and was evaluated as per protocol. RESULTS Secondary glaucoma was seen in 0.2 % patients who visited during the study period. Out of 106 patients, males were 50, females were 56, with a male: female ratio of 1:1.1. The most common cause of secondary glaucoma was lens induced glaucoma seen in 44.34 % followed by uveitic glaucoma in 20.8 % cases, traumatic 17.9 %, neovascular 10.4 %, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma 2.8 %, pigmentary glaucoma 1.9 %, silicon oil induced 0.9 %, and uveitis-glaucomahyphema syndrome in 0.9 % cases. Around thirty five percent (34.9 %) cases presented with sudden onset of painful diminution of vision with nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSIONS Secondary glaucoma is still one of the prevalent diseases in this part of country. Lens induced glaucoma is still the most common cause of secondary glaucoma. Hypermature cataract, uveitis, trauma and neovascularisation are the different risk factors. KEYWORDS Secondary Glaucoma, Lens Induced Glaucoma, Phacomorphic Glaucoma, Uveitic Glaucoma

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Prevalence of Intermediate Syndrome among Admitted Patients with Organophosphorous Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.4569 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (219) ◽

Author(s):

Ananta Uprety ◽

Binod Pantha ◽

Lochan Karki ◽

Suresh Prasad Nepal ◽

Milan Khadka

Keyword(s):

Binary Data ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Feature ◽

Point Estimate ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ethical Approval ◽

History Of

Introduction: Organophosphorous poisoning is a common problem prevalent in Nepal. Intermediate syndrome is a common clinical feature seen among the patients those have ingested poison. There is a scarcity of data related to intermediate syndrome and other general complications in patients with organophosphorous poisoning in context of Nepal. This study was carried out to observe the prevalence of intermediate syndrome and the general complications of oraganophosphorus poisoning among admitted patients in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital from April 2008 to June 2009 after ethical approval was from Institiutional Review Board of tertiary care hospital. Forty four patients with history of ingestion of organophosphorus poisoning within 24 hours were included in our study through convenience sampling. Clinical examinations were done to look for Intermediate syndrome. Data was entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences and point estimate at 95% of CI was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 44 patients, features of intermediate syndrome were seen in 40 (90.9%) at 95% of CI (84.2-97.6) patients in the study. The frequency of intermediate syndrome signs like weakness of neck flexion, inability to sit up and swallowing difficulty were seen among the patients. Complications like pneumonia 4 (9.09%), hyponatremia 3 (6.8%), hypokalemia 1 (2.27%) and bradycardia 1 (2.27%) were seen in the study. Mortality seen in the study was 2 (4.5%) among the admitted patients. Conclusions: Prevalence of intermediate syndrome was higher compared to other studies done in similar settings. Complications like pneumonia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia and bradycardia were seen among the patients.

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The study of prevalence of needle stick and sharp injuries among healthcare workes in tertiary care hospital, Navi Mumbai

IP International Journal of Medical Microbiology and Tropical Diseases ◽

10.18231/j.ijmmtd.2021.047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 227-231

Author(s):

Debapriya Das Choudhury ◽

Jyoti P Sonawane ◽

Abhay Chowdhary

Keyword(s):

Work Experience ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Occupational Exposures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Cause ◽

Needle Stick ◽

Improper Use

Needlestick injuries (NSIs) as defined by accidentally puncture the skin by needles. The occupational exposures to NSIs are considered to be much higher in the developing world and multiple risk factors eg. improper use of protective equipment (like failure to use suitable-sized gloves), working in surgical or intensive care units, insufficient work experience, young age, needle recapping, unsuitable needle disposal, intravenous cannulation may contribute to NSIs. To determine the occurrence/ prevalence of needle stick and sharp injuries (NSIs) among healthcare workers working in a tertiary care hospital and the factors responsible for NSIs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital among HCws in the hospital over a period of one year Jan 2020-December 2020. Nursing staffs are most frequently reported NSI. Among the groups, most common cause of NSIs was found to be recapping of needle followed by cleaning, HGT and procedure. The most common cause of NSI among housekeeping staffs found to be needle lying on the floor and accidental mixing of sharp biomedical waste with other waste. The HCWs from critical care unit eg. ICUs are the most commonly reported NSIs HCWs are always at high risk of attaining NSIs. The nursing staffs followed are the most vulnerable group who gets the sharp/NSI and require extra attention. As a preventive measures regular training and education of nursing staffs and all other categories of health care workers to be ensured in healthcare settings.

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Risk factors associated with postpartum depression in two tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar: a comparative cross-sectional study

Journal of Rehman Medical Institute ◽

10.52442/jrmi.v6i3.185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 16-19

Author(s):

Hira Bakhtiar ◽

Maria Malik A. Khaliq ◽

Asif Nawaz ◽

Muhammad Asif ◽

Siraj Jamil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of

Introduction: Postpartum depression has become a common complication in women in their postpartum period, affecting not only the mother but her child and her family. Due to lack of awareness regarding the subject it has been widely neglected, especially in Pakistan.Objective: To determine and compare the frequency and risk factors associated with postpartum depression in a public and a private tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.Materials & Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gynecology and Pediatrics OPD and Pediatrics ward of Rehman Medical Institute (RMI) and Gynecology and Pediatrics OPD as well as the vaccination center of Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) over a period of 6 months (January to June 2016). The women were interviewed after obtaining informed consent during 1-12 months of their postpartum period using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as well as a pretested self-structured questionnaire. Chi Square test and binary logistic regression were used to determine the relative significance of various risk factors for PPD.Results: A total of 280 women were interviewed, 140 in each hospital, their ages ranging from 16 to 45 years. The frequency of PPD calculated at RMI was 62.7% and at HMC it was 37.3% (p=0.001). Risk factors that showed a close association with PPD included the level of education of women (p=0.008), family support (p=0.022), and history of previous trauma (p= 0.055).Conclusion: Postpartum depression is twice as likely to occur in a private tertiary care hospital compared to a public one, and appears related to educational status, family help, and history of trauma.Keywords: Depression, Postpartum; Postpartum Period, Mothers; Child; Breast Feeding; Childbirth

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AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF CONGENITAL DEFORMITIES OF HAND AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

10.36106/ijsr/6020074 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 52-54

Author(s):

Imran Khan ◽

Anindya Basu ◽

Biplab Chatterjee ◽

Chinmay De

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Observation Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Trigger Thumb ◽

Congenital Deformities ◽

History Of ◽

Surgical Options

Background:Congenital deformities of hand encompass a myriad of deformities, all of which carry different functional & cosmetic implications. The most commonly encountered malformations of the hand are syndactyly, polydactyly, congenital absence, camptodactyly, clinodactyly & radial club hand. Aim:Our aim was to obtain a cross section of the epidemiology of congenital hand deformities and to be well adapted to help the parents & the child, whenever possible, regarding rehabilitation & surgical options for optimal functional outcome. Settings & Design:This was a cross-sectional study of 50 patient attending at a tertiary care hospital for the duration of one and half year. Methods & Materials:All the patients were examined clinically with detailed history including family history of similar anomalies. Clinical photographs were taken with due permission. Radiographs were obtained to confirm diagnoses.Functional assessment with the disabilities of arm, shoulder & hand (DASH) outcome questionnaire was done whenever possible. Stastical Analysis Used:This was an observation study. The results obtained were analyzed using charts & diagrams. Results:Total 50 cases recorded, 34 male & 16 female. Polydactyly (8) &symbrachydactyly (8) most commonly observed anomalies. Syndactyly (6) second most common anomaly.Anomalies were more commonly found on right side (23). Bilateral in 13 cases.Symbrachydactyly was more common in left in male patients. One male patient had bilateral trigger fingers & trigger thumb. Most of the patients were below 15 years (45). Conclusion:We may conclude that although rare, congenital deformities of hand include a wide variety of disorders.Actual incidence may be higher than observed.10% patients have significant cosmetic or functional deficit. Most common disorder found in our institute is polydactyly & symbrachydactyly. It is more common in boys.

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