scholarly journals ANALISIS KONDUKTIVITAS DAN TERMAL PADA POLIMER ELEKTROLIT DARI KITOSAN/PVA/GLISEROL/LiClO4 UNTUK APLIKASI BATERAI ION LITIUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhadini . ◽  
Verry Andre Fabiani ◽  
Megawati Ayu Putri ◽  
Iin Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Absorption Intensity

Penggunaan polimer ramah lingkungan merupakan tantangan bagi industri baterai ion litium saat ini dikarenakan sifatnya yang mudah terbiodegradasi menjadi keunggulan polimer alam seperti kitosan dengan bahan baku dari alam yang melimpah. Komposisi polimer elektrolit dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas kitosan, PVA, gliserol yang didopan dengan LiClO4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat konduktivitas dan termal dari polimer elektrolit kitosan/PVA/gliserol/LiClO4. Pembuatan polimer elektrolit ini menggunakan metode casting. Peningkatan massa kitosan dalam komposisi polimer elektrolit menyebabkan adanya peningkatan intensitas pada bilangan gelombang 1718 cm-1 dan peningkatan intensitas serapan pada bilngangan gelombang 1271 cm-1 dengan masing-masing puncak serapan tersebut adalah gugus fungsi dari C=O dan gugus fungsi C-O.  Berdasarkan data konduktivitas menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 70/30/20/20 (kitosan /PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4) memiliki konduktivitas tertinggi sebesar 4,8 x 10-5S/cm. Hasil kurva TGA menunjukkan stabilitas termal komposisi polimer elektrolit hingga 210oC dan peningkatan jumlah kitosan dalam polimer elektrolit menurunkan kestabilan termal. Polimer elektrolit dari kitosan/PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4 dapat diaplikasikan untuk baterai ion litium berdasarkan analisis konduktivitas ionik dan kestabilan termal. ABSTRACT The use of environmentally friendly polymers is a challenge for the lithium-ion batteries industry today because its biodegradable nature is an advantage of natural polymers such as chitosan with abundant raw materials from nature. The polymer electrolyte composition in this study consisted of chitosan, PVA, glycerol doped with LiClO4. This study aims to analyze the conductivity and thermal properties of the polymer electrolyte chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4. The polymer electrolyte was made using a casting method. The increasing of the chitosan mass in the polymer electrolyte composition led to an increase in intensity at the wave number 1718 cm-1 and an increase in absorption intensity at the wavenumber of 1271 cm-1 with absorption peaks being a functional group of C=O and C-O respectively. Based on the conductivity data, it showed that the composition of 70/30/20/20 (chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4) had the highest conductivity of 4.8 x 10-5S/cm. The results of the TGA curve illustrated that polymer electrolyte had thermal stability until 210oC and the increasing amount of chitosan of polymer electrolyte decreased thermal stability. Polymer electrolyte chitosan

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF CELLULOSE ACETATE FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH AND ITS PROPERTIES AS POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANES ON LITHIUM ION BATTERY

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhadini Nurhadini ◽  
I Made Arcana
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes

Biodegradable polymer electrolyte utilization on lithium ion battery is increasingly considered to prevent any waste. This study was conducted to synthesis cellulose acetate from oil palm empty fruit bunch and its properties as polymer electrolyte membranes on lithium ion battery. This study was done by extracting cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch. That cellulose was acetylated become cellulose acetate and characterized its functional group. Further, polymer electrolyte was synthesized with composition 25/60/15(%b/b) (SAS/PEO/LiClO4). The properties of polymer electrolyte membranes were characterized by analysis thermal properties, ionic conductivity and mechanical properties. Based on functional group data, synthetic cellulose acetate had similar the main functional group with commercial cellulose acetate. Synthetic cellulose acetate contained 27% acetyl with 1,4 substitution degree. Analysis thermal properties showed that the decomposition of SAS/PEO/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte membranes was started above 260oC.  The ionic conductivity 10,81 x 10-4 S/cm of  these polymer electrolyte membranes was 10,81 x 10-4 S/cm. Analysis of mechanic properties were 0,05 MPa stress, 14,23 MPa elongation and 0,35 MPa Modulus Young. SAS/PEO/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte membranes had higher ionic conductivity than SAK/PEO/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte membranes. However, SAS/PEO/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte membranes had lower thermal and mechanic properties than SAK/PEO/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte membranes.  

scholarly journals Stable Cycling via Absolute Intercalation in Graphite-Based Lithium-Ion Battery Incorporated by Solidified Ether-Based Polymer Electrolyte

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Kim ◽  
Do Youb Kim ◽  
Jungdon Suk ◽  
Yongku Kang ◽  
Jin Bae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Liquid Electrolytes ◽  
Fire Accidents

Current lithium-ion batteries are vulnerable to fire accidents and explosions because liquid electrolytes have a low flash point and poor thermal stability. This intrinsic problem leads to an ever-growing interest...

A solid polymer electrolyte containing a novel lithium borate salt for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112091660
Author(s):  
Yao Xiao ◽  
Lixia Bao ◽  
Jingxin Lei
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Solid Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Lithium Borate

We prepared a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) composed of a lithium borate salt and a polymer matrix, which can be employed for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. The lithium borate salt was made from lithium cations and bis (maleic acid) borate anions, and exhibits an excellent thermal stability as well as high ionic conductivity. The polymer matrix is an amorphous polymeric material having no crystalline regions, which is beneficial for the movement of lithium ions in the SPE. The polymer matrix also has good mechanical performance and thermal stability. Moreover, the SPE also has a relatively high ionic conductivity.

scholarly journals Fabrication and characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) modified with nano-montmorillonite biocomposite

e-Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 038-046
Author(s):  
Xu Yan ◽  
Wanru Zhou ◽  
Xiaojun Ma ◽  
Binqing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Oxygen Permeability ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Solution Casting Method

Abstract In this study, a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) modified with nano-montmorillonite biocomposite (MMT/PHBH) was fabricated by solution-casting method. The results showed that the addition of MMT increased the crystallinity and the number of spherulites, which indicated that MMT was an effective nucleating agent for PHBH. The maximum decomposition peak of the biocomposites moved to a high temperature and residue presented an increasing trend. The biocomposites showed the best thermal stability at 1 wt% MMT. Compared with PHBH, 182.5% and 111.2% improvement in elastic modulus and tensile strength were obtained, respectively. Moreover, the oxygen permeability coefficient and the water vapor permeability of MMT/PHBH biocomposites decreased by 43.9% and 6.9%, respectively. It was also found that the simultaneous enhancements on the crystallizing, thermal stability, mechanical, and barrier properties of biocomposites were mainly caused by the formation of intercalated structure between PHBH and MMT.

scholarly journals Global Warming Potential of a New Waterjet-Based Recycling Process for Cathode Materials of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Leonard Kurz ◽  
Mojtaba Faryadras ◽  
Ines Klugius ◽  
Frederik Reichert ◽  
Andreas Scheibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Mechanical Removal ◽  
Increasing Demand

Due to the increasing demand for battery electric vehicles (BEVs), the need for vehicle battery raw materials is increasing. The traction battery (TB) of an electric vehicle, usually a lithium-ion battery (LIB), represents the largest share of a BEV’s CO2 footprint. To reduce this carbon footprint sustainably and to keep the raw materials within a closed loop economy, suitable and efficient recycling processes are essential. In this life cycle assessment (LCA), the ecological performance of a waterjet-based direct recycling process with minimal use of resources and energy is evaluated; only the recycling process is considered, waste treatment and credits for by-products are not part of the analysis. Primary data from a performing recycling company were mainly used for the modelling. The study concludes that the recycling of 1 kg of TB is associated with a global warming potential (GWP) of 158 g CO2 equivalents (CO2e). Mechanical removal using a water jet was identified as the main driver of the recycling process, followed by an air purification system. Compared to conventional hydro- or pyrometallurgical processes, this waterjet-based recycling process could be attributed an 8 to 26 times lower GWP. With 10% and 20% reuse of recyclate in new cells, the GWP of TBs could be reduced by 4% and 8%, respectively. It has been shown that this recycling approach can be classified as environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Characterization of Polysaccharidic Associations for Cosmetic Use: Rheology and Texture Analysis

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Giovanni Tafuro ◽  
Alessia Costantini ◽  
Giovanni Baratto ◽  
Stefano Francescato ◽  
Laura Busata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Textural Parameters ◽  
Complementary Techniques

As public attention on sustainability is increasing, the use of polysaccharides as rheological modifiers in skin-care products is becoming the first choice. Polysaccharide associations can be used to increase the spreading properties of products and to optimize their sensorial profile. Since the choice of natural raw materials for cosmetics is wide, instrumental methodologies are useful for formulators to easily characterize the materials and to create mixtures with specific applicative properties. In this work, we performed rheological and texture analyses on samples formulated with binary and ternary associations of polysaccharides to investigate their structural and mechanical features as a function of the concentration ratios. The rheological measurements were conducted under continuous and oscillatory flow conditions using a rotational rheometer. An immersion/de-immersion test conducted with a texture analyzer allowed us to measure some textural parameters. Sclerotium gum and iota-carrageenan imparted high viscosity, elasticity, and firmness in the system; carob gum and pectin influenced the viscoelastic properties and determined high adhesiveness and cohesiveness. The results indicated that these natural polymers combined in appropriate ratios can provide a wide range of different textures and that the use of these two complementary techniques represents a valid pre-screening tool for the formulation of green products.

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