scholarly journals DESAIN MODIFIKASI SCREW EXTRUDER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN OUTFLOW YANG OPTIMAL DAN MENINIMALKAN CACAT PRODUK PADA PLASTIK

Author(s):  
Tatang Suryana
Keyword(s):  

Screw merupakan komponen utama dari sebuah mesin ekstrusi plastik yang berfungsi sebagai poros pendorong, dan pemotong, juga pengaduk plastik panas yang terdapatdidalam barrel, masalah yang kerap dialami industri Plastik selama ini adalah banyaknya rejeck (produk apkir/produk cacat). Dari hasil penelitian diketahui penyebab masalah kegagalan produk adalah kurangnya masukkan bahan kedalam cetakan, dan perlu adanya perubahan desain pada screw, karena screw merupakan jantungnya dari mesin ekstruder. Modifikasi yang dilakukan pada Screw diantaranya (desain pengaduk, sirip penghalang, kedalaman Kanal, dan sudut Helix) dengan tujuan agar keluaran (outflow) meningkat, terlebih pada mesin yang sudah memiliki usia pakai lama yang sering mengalami cacat produk dengan rata – rata cacat yaitu bolong, sobek dan dimensi produk tidak sama/menyimpang. Screw hasil modifikasi ini telah dilakukan pengujian dipabrik dengan menggunakan material plastik jenis ABS dan PP, lalu dihasilkan prestasi bahwa pada screw konvensional dengan putaran 60 rpm didapat keluaran sebesar 151x10−4m3/s, dengan tekanan Maksimum sebesar 239,1MPa, dan Viskositas 98 Pa.s. Dan pada saat putaran dinaikkan menjadi 120 rpm didapatkan keluaran sebesar 302 x 10−4m3/s dengan tekanan maksimum sebesar 478,2 MPa, dan Viskositas 98 Pa.s. Pada screw Modifikasi dengan putaran 60 rpm didapatkan outflow (keluaran) sebesar 190 x 10−4m3/s dengan tekanan Maksimum sebesar 187,68MPa, dan Viskositas 98 Pa.s. Dan pada saat putaran 120 rpm dengan screw modifikasi didapatkan outflow (keluaran) sebesar 380 x10−4m3/s dengan tekanan maksimum sebesar 375,36 MPa, dan Viskositas 98 Pa.s. Dari hasil pengamatan didapatkan perbandingan yang sangat signifikan diantara kedua sampel uji yaitu dengan menggunakan screw modifikasi dihasilkan outflow sekitar 27% lebih besar bila dibandingkan dengan menggunakan screw konvensional pada putaran yang sama.

Author(s):  
Dr. G. Kaemof

A mixture of polycarbonate (PC) and styrene-acrylonitrile-copolymer (SAN) represents a very good example for the efficiency of electron microscopic investigations concerning the determination of optimum production procedures for high grade product properties.The following parameters have been varied:components of charge (PC : SAN 50 : 50, 60 : 40, 70 : 30), kind of compounding machine (single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, discontinuous kneader), mass-temperature (lowest and highest possible temperature).The transmission electron microscopic investigations (TEM) were carried out on ultra thin sections, the PC-phase of which was selectively etched by triethylamine.The phase transition (matrix to disperse phase) does not occur - as might be expected - at a PC to SAN ratio of 50 : 50, but at a ratio of 65 : 35. Our results show that the matrix is preferably formed by the components with the lower melting viscosity (in this special case SAN), even at concentrations of less than 50 %.


1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Loor ◽  
P. Cassagnau ◽  
A. Michel ◽  
L. Delamare ◽  
B. Vergnes

Author(s):  
E. M. Ratnikov ◽  
D. O. Milko

Annotation Purpose. Development of a program and methods for conducting experimental studies of the extrusion process with the definition of parameters and modes of operation of the extruder to improve its energy performance. Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, synthesis, analysis, description and modeling were used. Results. The application of mathematical methods, in particular mathematical planning, reduces the number of experiments several times, and allows to evaluate the role of influencing factors, obtain a mathematical model of the process and determine the optimal conditions for its parameters and modes, etc. Conclusions. The methodology for experimental studies of a screw extruder is presented with the necessary equipment and methodology for processing the obtained experimental data. A mathematical method of planning, which reduces the number of experiments several times, allows us to evaluate the role of factors affecting productivity and energy intensity is presented. Keywords: extruder, auger, nutrients, research methodology, extrusion, processing, feed.


2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.


2005 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanwu Lei ◽  
R. Gary Fulcher ◽  
Roger Ruan ◽  
Bernhard van Lengerich

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