scholarly journals Estimates of Heritability and Genetic Advance for Yield Components of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) under Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
A. Sheidu ◽  
T. M. Igyuve ◽  
A. E. Ochigbo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parental Mating ◽  
Pod Number

The study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. Five Cowpea genotypes (FUAMPEA-1, IT99K-573-1-1, SAMPEA-16, SAMPEA-8, BIU LOCAL) were crossed and advanced to F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 populations using bi-parental mating design. The six generations were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Significant test of the mean performances among the entries showed significant differences among the generations for the characters studied. Wide ranges of narrow sense heritability (18 to 79%), broad sense heritability (21 to 92%) and genetic advance (5.7 to 24.1%) were obtained for characters studied. Broad and narrow sense heritability as well as genetic advance was moderate to high for most of the characters studied such as days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to pod maturity, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight, root length and grain yield for the three sets of cowpea crosses. The results also revealed the possibility of exploitation for grain yield and drought tolerance in the crosses studied.

scholarly journals Study of Combining Ability and Nature of Gene Action for Yield and Yield Related Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Birender Singh ◽  
Abhinav Abhishek ◽  
R. B. P. Nirala ◽  
S. S. Mandal ◽  
Tushar Ranjan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Half Diallel

The present investigation was carried out using thirty eight genotypes (eight parents, twenty eight F1's and two checks) using Griffing's half diallel mating design. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications during kharif 2017 at the research farm of Bihar Agriculture College, Sabour. Observations were recorded for six pre-harvest characters viz days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, anthesis silking interval, days to 75% brown husk, plant height, ear height and seven post-harvest characters viz cob length, cob diameter, number of kernel rows per cob, number of kernels per row, 1000 seed weight, shelling percentage and grain yield at 15% moisture. The mean sum of square of treatments was found to be significant for days to 75% brown husk and shelling per cent and highly significant for all other characters. The mean sum of square for GCA was found to be significant for cob length, no. of kernel row per cob, no. of kernels per row and highly significant for remaining all the characters except days to 75% brown husk and shelling%. The mean sum of square for SCA was significant for days to 75% brown husk and highly significant for all the remaining characters. On the basis of GCA effect for grain yield at 15% moisture, the parents BML-7, VQL-1 and SML-1 were found to be good general combiners. The ratio of GCA variance to SCA variance was found to be less than 1 for all the traits which indicated the preponderance of non-additive gene action. On the basis of SCA effects better performing crosses for grain yield at 15% moisture were DTPYC-9 × LM-13, CLQRCY-44 × VQL-1, CML-161 × SML-1 and CML-161× BML-7.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and diversity studies of yield and yield contributing characters in Brassica genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Taslima Aktar ◽  
Md Nuruzzaman ◽  
Md Shoheh Rana ◽  
Md Monjurul Huda ◽  
Md Amir Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diversity Studies

The potential of a crop to favorably respond to breeding programs depends on its existing nature and magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance. An experiment was conducted with eighteen Brassica genotypes following Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the field of the department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to estimate genetic divergence, variability ranges and contribution of each trait towards genetic diversity. Analysis of variance showed significant variation among the genotypes for all the studied yield and yield contributing characters. The phenotypic co-efficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters measured, indicated that the traits were influenced by environment. All traits showed high heritability (61.54% to 98.64%) which indicated possible improvement through selection. High heritability values (>60%) along with high genetic advance and genetic advance in percentage of mean indicated prevalence of additive gene action, which provides good scope for further improvement by selection. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters, most of the genotypes were grouped into Custer I (8 genotypes), while cluster IV contained only one genotype. Considering the mean value, the cluster IV and Cluster II were ranked as the top groups in terms of yield and early maturity. High Heritability with high genetic advance in percentage of mean was observed for number of branches/plant, number of pod/plant, number of seeds/pod and yield/plant and selection focused   on these traits could be useful for future breeding program of Brassica. The genotype BD-7114 was the best performer considering all the studied traits especially yield and days to maturity which could be used as an important breeding material for the improvement of Brassica. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 295–300, 2019

scholarly journals Performance of beans after inoculation with azospirillum brasilense and rhizobium tropici, and nitrogen and molybic fertilizations under amazonian conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Luiz Cobiniano de Melo Filho ◽  
Ivanildo Guilherme Henrique ◽  
Orivaldo Arf ◽  
Darllan Junior Luiz Santos Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Antonio Anicete de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Rhizobium Tropici ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Pod Number

Beans are nutrient-demanding plants, with a high demand for nitrogen (N). Nitrogen biological fixation (NBF) is probably the best solution to meet this demand, especially considering losses in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Molybdenum (Mo), present in the enzymes nitrogenase and nitrate reductase, is fundamental in the metabolism of N, including NBF. This study aims to evaluate if bean seed inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, Rhizobium tropici, and possible interactions with nitrogen topdressing and molybdenum leaf application, may affect winter bean development and yield. A randomized complete block design was used in a 4x2x2 factorial scheme. Plant population, production components, and grain yield were evaluated in two crop seasons (2017 and 2018). Seed inoculation with A. brasilense, when associated with 30 kg ha-1 N topdressing, increased plant population, pod number per plant and grain yield. Nitrogen topdressing is key to increasing winter bean productivity, regardless of inoculation or Mo foliar application.

scholarly journals Mode of inheritance of low-N tolerance adaptive traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under contrasting nitrogen environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0702
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. M. Al Naggar ◽  
Reda Shabana ◽  
Mosaad M. Abd-El-Aleem ◽  
Zainab El-Rashidy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Dominance Variance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency

Because of essential economic and ecological concerns, there is increased interest worldwide in developing wheat cultivars that are more efficient in utilizing nitrogen (N) and better suited to N limitations. The objective of the present investigation was to get information on the type of gene action controlling the inheritance of wheat low-N tolerance traits in order to start a breeding program for improving such traits. Six parents of contrasting low-N tolerance were crossed in a diallel fashion. Evaluation of 6 parents, 15 F1crosses and 15 F2 crosses was done using a randomized complete block design with three replications under two levels of soil N, i.e. low-N (0 kg N/ha) and high-N (180 kg N/ha).The magnitude of dominance variance inF2's for all studied traits was much greater than that of additive variance under both high N and low N, suggesting that selection should be postponed to later segregating generations in order to eliminate masking effects of dominance variance and take advantage of the additive variance for the improvement of nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield traits. Narrow-sense heritability (h2n) in F2's was generally of higher magnitude under low-N than high-N, suggesting that it is better to practice selection for studied nitrogen efficiency and grain yield traits under low-N conditions to obtain higher values of selection gain.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Planting Dates on Growth and Yield of Three Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] Genotypes in Northern Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
M. S. Alidu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Background: Time of planting has remarkable influence on both yield and yield components of crops and therefore identification of the appropriate planting time is essential for crop improvement. Aims: To assess the effect of planting dates on growth and yield of three cowpea genotypes. Study Design: The study was designed as 3×4 factorial experiments in a randomized complete block design. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried in the field over a three-month period at the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale-Northern Ghana. Methodology: The study was designed as 3×4 factorial experiments in split-plot in randomized complete block design. The genotypes were 3 genotypes with 4 planting dates. Treatment combinations were replicated three times. Results: Analysis of variance indicated significant effects on percentage germination, plant height at flowering, plant height at maturity and at harvest, pods per plant, pod yield and seeds per pod. Padi- tuya performed better than the other two genotypes in terms of performance for grain yield for all the planting dates. However, there were no significant difference between the first planting and second planting date. Conclusion: Padi-tuya was the most superior variety for grain yield. To achieve higher yields, cowpea should be planted between the middle of July and Early August. Early planting resulted in maturity coinciding with wet period resulting in reduction in quality of seeds. Late planting especially in late August resulted in poor yields.

Genetic Parameters of Variation and Character Association for Seed Yield and its Attributes in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Santhi Priya ◽  
D. Ratna Babu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Pod Length

Background: The yield levels in mung bean reached a plateau, which emphasizes breeding for varieties with improved productivity. The basic requirements of any breeding include the understanding of different genetic parameters of various yield related traits along with the knowledge with regards to interrelationships and cause and effect of those relations among the quantitative traits.Methods: In the present investigation, sixty germplasm lines were evaluated using Augmented Randomized Complete Block Design in respect of eleven quantitative traits for three years i.e., during kharif seasons of 2017-18, 2018-19 and 2019-20 to understand the genetic architecture of different genetic parameters along with associations and their cause and effects of different traits on grain yield.Result: The pooled analysis revealed significant variability for majority of traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in case of pods per plant, clusters per plant, plant height, test weight, seeds per pod, pods per cluster and grain yield indicating probable operation of additive gene action in inheritance of these traits. Clusters per plant and pods per plant which registered high GCV, high heritability and high genetic advance as percent of mean. The association studies revealed significant associations of pods per plant, clusters per plant, pods per cluster, branches per plant, days to maturity, pod length with grain yield per plant at both phenotypic and genotypic levels in desirable direction. Further, it was found that all these six traits which had significant association with yield also established significant magnitude of direct effects in desirable direction which contributed to the significant associations hence, can be considered simultaneously during selection.

scholarly journals Genotype X Environment Interaction of Food Barley

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Welu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype X Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Genotype Effect ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Barley Genotypes

The objective of this experiment was to estimate the magnitude of genotype X environment interaction on grain yield and yield related traits. Twelve varieties of food barley were included in the study planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. The ANOVA of combined and individual location revealed significant differences among the food barley genotypes for grain yield and other traits. The results of ANOVA for grain yield showed highly significant (p≤0.01) differences among genotypes evaluated for grain yield at Maychew and significant (p≤0.05) differences in Korem, Alage and Mugulat. The ANOVA over locations showed a highly significant (p≤0.01) variation for the genotype effect, environment effects, genotype X environment interaction (GEI) effect and significant (p≤0.05) variation for GEI effect of yield and for most of the yield related traits of food barley genotypes. Haftysene, Yidogit, Estayish and Basso were the genotypes with relatively high mean grain yield across all locations and they are highly performing genotypes to the area. Among locations, the highest mean grain yield was recorded at Korem and it was a suited environment to all the genotypes whereas Mugulat is unfavoured one. ECOPRINT 21: 41-48, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11903

Assessment of genetic variability for quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under post flood situation in sali

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dalibha Pathak ◽  
Umesh Ch. Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle

Sixteen genotypes of rice (including one check) were evaluated on 18 quantitative traits during sali (August), 2018 in a randomized block design with three replications at Instruction cum Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to study the nature and magnitude of variability, heritability and genetic advance under delayed sown condition. The analysis of variance for 18 quantitative traits revealed the presence of significant differences for grain yield and its component characters. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for chaffs per panicle followed by grains per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), spikelets per panicle, grain yield (kg/ha). A high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height (cm), spikelets per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), chaffs per panicle, grains per panicle, grain yield (g/hill), grain yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), straw weight (kg/ha) and harvest index (%) indicating that selection might be effective for improvement of these characters under delayed sown condition with low input. From the findings of this investigation, one genotype viz., Gandhari emerged as the outstanding genotype which yielded 4170 kg/ha and could be directly used for cultivation in delayed sown situation with low inputs. Some other promising genotypes that yielded higher than the check Manoharsali under delayed sown condition were JR 29, JR 16, Basundhara and JR 60 and could be utilized as potential parental material in the hybridization programmes designed to develop suitable rice varieties for delayed sown situation.

scholarly journals Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S.L. Silva ◽  
K.M.B. Silva ◽  
P.I.B. Silva ◽  
V.R. Oliveira ◽  
J.L.B. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Ground Part

The reduction in herbicide use is one of the greatest interests for modern agriculture and several alternatives are being investigated with this objective, including the adoption of cultivars that suppress weeds. The objective of this study was to verify if maize cultivars develop differently, in competition with weeds, to produce green ears and grain. Randomized complete block design was used, with split-plots and five replications. Cultivars DKB 390, DKB 466, DKB 350, AG 7000, AG 7575 and Master, were evaluated in the plots, without weeding and two weedings (at 22 and 41 days after sowing) in sub plots. Twenty-one species were identified in the experimental area, the most frequent being Gramineae (Poaceae), Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and Convolvulaceae species. There was no difference in the dry biomass above-ground part of the weeds in the plots of the evaluated cultivars. The cultivars behaved similarly in treatments with or without hoeing, except for plant height and ear height evaluations. Without hoeing, plant height increased in cultivar DKB 390, while plant height and ear height decreased in cultivar AG 7575. In the other cultivars, these traits did not change under weed control. The presence of weeds decreased the values of all traits employed to assess green corn yield, with the exception of the total number of green ears and grain yield.

scholarly journals Residual effects of superficial liming on tropical soil under no-tillage system

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1633-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Hideo Martins da Costa ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
Jayme Ferrari Neto ◽  
Gustavo Spadotti Amaral Castro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tillage System

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the long-term effects of the surface application of lime on soil fertility and on the mineral nutrition and grain yield of soybean, and of black oat and sorghum in crop succession. The experiment was carried out on a clayey Oxisol, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of lime the rates of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 kg ha-1, applied in October 2002 and November 2004. Soil samples were collected at five soil layers, down to 0.60-m depth. Surface liming was effective in reducing soil acidity and increasing Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents in the subsurface. Moreover, it increased available phosphorus contents and soil organic matter in the long term (48 to 60 months after the last lime application). Surface liming improved plant nutrition, mainly for N, Ca, and Mg, and increased dry matter production and grain yield of the crops, even in years with regular distribution of rainfall. The greatest productivities of soybean, black oat, and sorghum were obtained with the respective estimated lime doses of 4,000, 2,333, and 3,281 kg ha-1, for shoot dry matter, and of 2,550, 3,555, and over 4,000 kg ha-1, for grain yield.

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