Design and Fabrication of an Automatic Water Hyacinth Removal and Prevention Machine

Water Hyacinth scientifically called as Eichhornia Crassipes has been a problem throughout the entire world in terms of water pollution and flow of water. In any country, continuous flow of water in its water bodies is always necessary in order to drain wastewater and supply water to all the places of the country. Out of the four major methods present to drain water Hyacinth, Mechanical and Biological removal of the plant are the most effective methods. The aim of this project is to design and develop a water Hyacinth removal and prevention machine which can effective collect the aquatic weeds, shred them in large quantities and prevent them from growing again. The major components used in the development of this machine are ramp cutters, guide vanes, propellers, boat base, chain drive, storage tank and a motor.

Download Full-text

Chemicals with a natural reference for controlling water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.1515/jppr-2015-0041 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 294-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tarek Abd El-Ghafar El-Shahawy

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Formic Acid ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

Effective Control ◽

Acid Mixture ◽

Aquatic Weeds ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

AbstractLife cannot exist without water. Appropriate management of water, from the water’s source to its utilization, is necessary to sustain life. Aquatic weeds pose a serious threat to aquatic environments and related eco-environments. Short- and long-term planning to control aquatic weeds is extremely important. Water hyacinth,Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.) Solms, is one of the world’s worst pests with a bad reputation as an invasive weed. In this study we are seeking the possibility of using certain chemicals with a natural background, for controlling water hyacinth since there is a delicate balance that needs to be taken into account when using herbicides in water. Five compounds, namely: acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, and propionic acid, in three concentrations (10, 15, and 20%) were applied (i.e. as a foliar application under wire-house conditions) and compared with the use of the herbicide glyphosate (1.8 kg ∙ ha−1). All of the five compounds performed well in the control of the water hyacinth. As expected, the efficacy increased as the concentration was increased from 10 to 20%. With formic and propionic acids, the plants died earlier than when the other acids or the herbicide glyphosate, were used. Acetic acid came after formic and propionic acids in terms of efficacy. Citric acid ranked last. Formic acid/propionic acid mixtures showed superior activity in suppressing water hyacinth growth especially at the rate of (8 : 2) at the different examined concentrations (3 or 5 or 10%) compared to the formic acid/acetic acid mixtures. Using the formic acid/propionic acid mixture (8 : 2; at 3%) in the open field, provided good control and confirmed the viability of these chemicals in the effective control of water hyacinth. Eventually, these chemical treatments could be used on water for controlling water hyacinth. In the future, these chemicals could probably replace the traditional herbicides widely used in this regard. These chemicals are perceived as environmentally benign for their rapid degradation to carbon dioxide and water. For maximum efficiency thorough coverage especially in bright sunlight is essential.

Download Full-text

Efektifitas Herbisida Formulasi pada Gulma Air di Lahan Rawa Tadah Hujan, Rawa Payau dan Saluran Drainase

Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) ◽

10.24831/jai.v47i2.24136 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 210-216

Author(s):

Risvan Anwar ◽

Eka Suzanna ◽

Djatmiko Djatmiko ◽

Windi Sambaz Dwi Andika ◽

Dan M. Tanu Gartiwo

Keyword(s):

Water Hyacinth ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

Block Design ◽

Coconut Water ◽

Aquatic Weeds ◽

Drainage Channel ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Drainage Channels

A series of studies had been carried out to create new types of herbicides. The studies had found six formulations ofherbicides. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of herbicides formulation in controlling aquatic weeds. Theexperiment used a randomized complete block design with seven herbicide formulations as treatments and three replications.The seven formulations of herbicide were: Unihaz 1, Unihaz 2, Unihaz 3, Unihaz 4, Unihaz 5, Unihaz 6, and a control(glyphosate 2 kg ha-1). The results of the study found that there were 21 species of weed in rainfed swamps, ten species inbrackish swamps and one species namely water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in drainage channel. Herbicide formulationsof Unihaz 3, 4, 5, and 6 were effective in controlling aquatic weeds in rainfed swamps. Herbicide formulations of Unihaz 2, 3and 5 were effective in controlling aquatic weeds in brackish swamps. All herbicides formulations were effective in controllingweeds in drainage channels. Moreover, herbicide formulation of Unihaz 5 was more effective in controlling aquatic weeds inrainfed swamps, brackish swamps and drainage channels than other formulations, and it was not significantly different fromthe use of a glyphosate dose of 2 kg ha-1.Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes, fermented coconut water, organic herbicide, new types of herbicides

Download Full-text

Anaerobic digestion of harvested aquatic weeds: water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), cabomba (Cabomba Caroliniana) and salvinia (Salvinia molesta)

Ecological Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.06.027 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 36 (10) ◽

pp. 1459-1468 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Cathryn O'Sullivan ◽

Beth Rounsefell ◽

Alistair Grinham ◽

William Clarke ◽

James Udy

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

Aquatic Weeds ◽

Salvinia Molesta ◽

Cabomba Caroliniana

Download Full-text

Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-021-01472-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Neetu Singh ◽

Chandrajit Balomajumder

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Water Pollution ◽

Aqueous Solution ◽

Root Length ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Root Cells ◽

Chlorophyll Protein

AbstractWater pollution is increasing due to urbanization and industrialization. Waste water pollution raised concern because of its influence on plants and humans. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is used for the removal of pollutants because of its phytoremediation efficiency. In this study, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) has been tested for simultaneous elimination of phenol and cyanide from mono and binary component aqueous solution in batch systems. The plant was grown at six concentrations of phenol and cyanide in the ratio of (10:1), i.e. 100:10, 200:20, 300:30, 500:50, 700:70 and 1000:100 mg/L in aqueous solution. The effect of process parameters such as initial concentration of phenol and cyanide and pH was evaluated. The plant was found capable of eliminating up to 96.42% of phenol (300 mg/L) and 92.66% of cyanide (30 mg/L) during the 13 days cultivation time at pH 8. The calculated Km of the root length elongation for phenol was 5.20 mm and the Vmax was 12.52 μg phenol/g root/h. However, the calculated Km of the root length elongation for cyanide was 0.39 mm and the Vmax was 14.99 μg cyanide/ g root/h. In the Eichhornia crassipes plant, the biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, protein and sugar content have been indicated a decreasing trend due to uptake of phenol and cyanide throughout cultivation. Toxicity to 100–1000 mg/L of phenol and 10–100 mg/L of cyanide was measured by measuring the relative transpiration over 13 days. At 100 mg/L of phenol and 10 mg/L of cyanide, only a small reduction in transpiration but no morphological changes were noticed. Both pollutants are absorbed through the root of the Eichhornia crassipes plant by plasmalemma and become accumulated into the root cells and stem of a plant. Thus, this study will be beneficial for the decontamination of highly polluted waste water.

Download Full-text

Study of The Pharmacological Activity and Heavy Metal Content of Eichhornia Crassipes Extract

ICONIET PROCEEDING ◽

10.33555/iconiet.v2i2.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 91-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jimmy Jimmy ◽

Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽

Paulus Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Pharmacological Activity ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Metal Content ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

High Light Intensity ◽

Milling Process ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Solvent Ratio ◽

Negative Impacts

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.

Download Full-text