scholarly journals Automated Brain Tumor Detection and Segmentation from MRI Images using Adaptive Connected Component Pixel Segmentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2642-2645
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Connected Component ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Segmentation Accuracy ◽  
Gray Scale Image ◽  
The Brain

Magnetic resource imaging (MRI) imagesare used in examining the soft tissues which include brain tumors, ligament and tendon injury, spinal cord injury. Gray scale image processing is good for basic segmentation application.The exact location of brain tumor and its length is hard to find.This paper proposes an efficient method to segment the brain tumor. The result shows good segmentation accuracy.

A Survey on Detection and Classification of Brain Tumor Using Image Processing Techniques

2020 ◽  
pp. 967-973
Author(s):  
V. Deepika ◽  
T. Rajasenbagam
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tumor Detection ◽  
Tumor Classification ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Image Processing Techniques ◽  
Normal Brain Function ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
The Brain

A brain tumor is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal brain tissue that can interfere with normal brain function. Although various methods have been developed for brain tumor classification, tumor detection and multiclass classification remain challenging due to the complex characteristics of the brain tumor. Brain tumor detection and classification are one of the most challenging and time-consuming tasks in the processing of medical images. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a visual imaging technique, which provides a information about the soft tissues of the human body, which helps identify the brain tumor. Proper diagnosis can prevent a patient's health to some extent. This paper presents a review of various detection and classification methods for brain tumor classification using image processing techniques.

scholarly journals Identification of Brain Tumor using MATLAB

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
G Aswani ◽  
I N V V A M S N Murthy ◽  
K Durga Devi ◽  
N Veerababu ◽  
M L N Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tumor Detection ◽  
Horizontal Edge ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
The Brain

Brain Tumor detection and removal is one medical issue that still remains challenging in the field of biomedicine. MRI is most often used for the detection of tumors, lesions, and other abnormalities in soft tissues, such as the brain. This project is about detecting Brain tumors from MRI images using an interface of GUI in Mat lab. Using the GUI, this program can use various combinations of segmentation, filters, and other image processing algorithms to realize the simplest results. Here We start the process by filtering the image with the help of Prewitt horizontal edge- emphasizing filter. The next step for detecting tumors is "watershed pixels." The most important part of this project is that all the Mat lab programs work with GUI “Matlab guide”

scholarly journals Exercise Ameliorates Spinal Cord Injury by Changing DNA Methylation

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Ganchimeg Davaa ◽  
Jin Young Hong ◽  
Tae Uk Kim ◽  
Seong Jae Lee ◽  
Seo Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Brain

Exercise training is a traditional method to maximize remaining function in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), but the exact mechanism by which exercise promotes recovery after SCI has not been identified; whether exercise truly has a beneficial effect on SCI also remains unclear. Previously, we showed that epigenetic changes in the brain motor cortex occur after SCI and that a treatment leading to epigenetic modulation effectively promotes functional recovery after SCI. We aimed to determine how exercise induces functional improvement in rats subjected to SCI and whether epigenetic changes are engaged in the effects of exercise. A spinal cord contusion model was established in rats, which were then subjected to treadmill exercise for 12 weeks. We found that the size of the lesion cavity and the number of macrophages were decreased more in the exercise group than in the control group after 12 weeks of injury. Immunofluorescence and DNA dot blot analysis revealed that levels of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in the brain motor cortex were increased after exercise. Accordingly, the expression of ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family members (Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3) in the brain motor cortex also elevated. However, no macrophage polarization was induced by exercise. Locomotor function, including Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) and ladder scores, also improved in the exercise group compared to the control group. We concluded that treadmill exercise facilitates functional recovery in rats with SCI, and mechanistically epigenetic changes in the brain motor cortex may contribute to exercise-induced improvements.

scholarly journals Differential Response in Novel Stem Cell Niches of the Brain after Cervical Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (18) ◽  
pp. 2195-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Falnikar ◽  
Jarred Stratton ◽  
Ruihe Lin ◽  
Carrie E. Andrews ◽  
Ashley Tyburski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Electromyography-Based Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
pp. 833-851
Author(s):  
Poulami Ghosh ◽  
Ankita Mazumder ◽  
Anwesha Banerjee ◽  
D.N. Tibarewala
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Brain

Loss or impairment in the ability of muscle movement or sensation is called Paralysis which is caused by disruption of communication of nerve impulses along the pathway from the brain to the muscles. One of the principal reasons causing paralysis is Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and Neurological rehabilitation by using neuro-prostheses, based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is extensively used for its treatment. Impaired muscles are activated by applying small amplitude electrical current. Electromyography (EMG), the recording of biosignals generated by muscle activity during the application of FES can be used as the control signal for FES based rehabilitative devices. This method is predominantly used for restoring upper extremity functioning (wrist, hand, elbow, etc.), standing, walking (speed, pattern) in stroke patients. FES, collaborated with conventional methods, has the potential to be utilized as a useful tool for rehabilitation and restoration of muscle strength, metabolic responses etc. in paralyzed patients.

Evidence on magnetic resonance imaging of Brown–Séquard spinal cord injury suffered indirectly from a gunshot wound

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Fassett ◽  
James S. Harrop ◽  
Alexander R. Vaccaro
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Transverse Process ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Cord Injury

✓The authors describe a rare case of Brown–Séquard syndrome as a result of indirect, concussive trauma to the spinal cord from a gunshot wound (GSW) and present the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging evidence obtained in this interesting case. The patient was shot in the anterior neck and the bullet passed through the lateral aspect of the C-7 lateral mass and transverse process. Bone fragments from the lateral aspect of C-7 were displaced posteriorly into the soft tissues, but no abnormalities were noted within the spinal canal except for high-intensity signal on T2-weighted MR imaging within the right side of the spinal cord. This is the first reported case to provide MR imaging evidence of a Brown–Séquard spinal cord injury as a result of indirect trauma (concussive injury) from a GSW.

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