scholarly journals Recovering Evidentiary E-mail for Non-Repudiation Forensics

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11S2) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Keyword(s):  
Digital Content ◽  
Digital Evidence ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Legal Evidence ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
File Formats ◽  
Forensic Tools ◽  
Computer Forensic ◽  
E Mail

Computer Forensic, the upcoming branch of forensic science where acquiring, preserving, retrieving and presenting content processed electronically and stored digitally, is used for legal evidence in computer related crimes or any other unethical practice involving manipulation of digital content. Such digital content can take many forms which are manifested by different file formats and digital artifacts”. This paper concentrates on acquisition of deleted e-mail from mailbox of web servers satisfying two tier, three tier and n-tier technology. A detailed survey of several possibilities are included for non-repudiation forensic. A case study of a particular file type using suitable forensic tool is cited as a proof of concept towards this claimed inference to provide digital evidence in case of non-repudiation by sender and/or by receiver. This is simply conducted by using Encase a proprietary Digital forensic tools. The whole process is captured in step by step fashion to have a better understanding of the mechanism used. Recovery of files/emails have certain kinds of legal hurdles, the paper have addressed them as well. This paper contributes to the extend the recovered email can used as a ready digital evidence in any court of law.

Forensic Data Extraction and Analysis of Left Artifacts on emulated Android Phones: A Case Study of Instant Messaging Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Moses Ashawa ◽  
Innocent Ogwuche
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Digital Evidence ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Digital Forensic ◽  
Proportional Increase ◽  
Forensic Tools

The fast-growing nature of instant messaging applications usage on Android mobile devices brought about a proportional increase on the number of cyber-attack vectors that could be perpetrated on them. Android mobile phones store significant amount of information in the various memory partitions when Instant Messaging (IM) applications (WhatsApp, Skype, and Facebook) are executed on them. As a result of the enormous crimes committed using instant messaging applications, and the amount of electronic based traces of evidence that can be retrieved from the suspect’s device where an investigation could convict or refute a person in the court of law and as such, mobile phones have become a vulnerable ground for digital evidence mining. This paper aims at using forensic tools to extract and analyse left artefacts digital evidence from IM applications on Android phones using android studio as the virtual machine. Digital forensic investigation methodology by Bill Nelson was applied during this research. Some of the key results obtained showed how digital forensic evidence such as call logs, contacts numbers, sent/retrieved messages, and images can be mined from simulated android phones when running these applications. These artefacts can be used in the court of law as evidence during cybercrime investigation.

On Creating Digital Evidence in IP Networks With NetTrack

2018 ◽  
pp. 225-245
Author(s):  
Diana Berbecaru
Keyword(s):  
Network Traffic ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Digital Signatures ◽  
Digital Evidence ◽  
Open Court ◽  
Forensic Tools ◽  
Network Forensic ◽  
Ip Packet ◽  
Computer Forensic ◽  
Short Time

Computer forensic is the practice of collecting, analyzing, and reporting digital evidence in a way that is legally admissible in open court. Network forensics, an offset of computer forensic, is mainly concerned with the monitoring and analysis of network traffic, both local and WAN/internet, in order to identify security incidents and to investigate fraud or network misuse. In this chapter, the authors discuss challenges in creating high-speed network forensic tools and propose NetTrack, a tamper-proof device aimed to produce evidences with probative value via digital signatures for the network traffic. Since digitally signing each IP packet is not efficient, the authors used a specific technique exploiting the Merkle trees to create digital signatures for flows and multicasts and implemented it by using an optimized algorithm for Merkle tree traversal to save space and time. Through experiments, the authors show NetTrack signing is fast as it can produce digital evidence within a short time.

scholarly journals Memory Based Anti-Forensic Tools and Techniques

2010 ◽  
pp. 184-199
Author(s):  
Hamid Jahankhani ◽  
Elidon Beqiri
Keyword(s):  
Computer Forensics ◽  
Digital Evidence ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Volatile Memory ◽  
Forensic Tools ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Computer Forensic

Computer forensics is the discipline that deals with the acquisition, investigation, preservation and presentation of digital evidence in the court of law. Whereas anti-forensics is the terminology used to describe malicious activities deployed to delete, alter or hide digital evidence with the main objective of manipulating, destroying and preventing the creation of evidence .Various anti-forensic methodologies and tools can be used to interfere with digital evidence and computer forensic tools. However, memory-based anti-forensic techniques are of particular interest because of their effectiveness, advanced manipulation of digital evidence and attack on computer forensic tools. These techniques are mainly performed in volatile memory using advanced data alteration and hiding techniques. For these reasons memory-based anti-forensic techniques are considered to be unbeatable. This chapter aims to present some of the current anti-forensic approaches and in particular reports on memory-based anti-forensic tools and techniques.

Marketing communication objectives through digital content marketing on social media

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-104
Author(s):  
Janice J. Nieves-Casasnovas ◽  
Frank Lozada-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Brand Awareness ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Content Marketing

The purpose of this study was to determine what type of marketing communication objectives are present in the digital content marketing developed by luxury auto brands with social media presence in Puerto Rico, particularly Facebook. A longitudinal multiple-case study design was used to analyze five luxury auto brands using content analysis on Facebook posts. This analysis included identification of marketing communication objectives through social media content marketing strategies, type of media content and social media metrics. Our results showed that the most used objectives are brand awareness, brand personality, and brand salience. Another significant result is that digital content marketing used by brands in social media are focused towards becoming more visible and recognized; also, reflecting human-like traits and attitudes in their social media.

scholarly journals UAV Forensics: DJI Mini 2 Case Study

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Miloš Stanković ◽  
Mohammad Meraj Mirza ◽  
Umit Karabiyik
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personally Identifiable Information ◽  
Multiple Devices ◽  
Forensic Tools ◽  
Recreational Use

Rapid technology advancements, especially in the past decade, have allowed off-the-shelf unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that weigh less than 250 g to become available for recreational use by the general population. Many well-known manufacturers (e.g., DJI) are now focusing on this segment of UAVs, and the new DJI Mini 2 drone is one of many that falls under this category, which enables easy access to be purchased and used without any Part 107 certification and Remote ID registration. The versatility of drones and drone models is appealing for customers, but they pose many challenges to forensic tools and digital forensics investigators due to numerous hardware and software variations. In addition, different devices can be associated and used for controlling these drones (e.g., Android and iOS smartphones). Moreover, according to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the adoption of Remote ID is not going to be required for people without the 107 certifications for this segment at least until 2023, which creates finding personally identifiable information a necessity in these types of investigations. In this research, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of DJI Mini 2 and its data stored across multiple devices (e.g., SD cards and mobile devices) that are associated with the drone. The aim of this paper is to (1) create several criminal-like scenarios, (2) acquire and analyze the created scenarios using leading forensics software (e.g., Cellebrite and Magnet Axiom) that are commonly used by law enforcement agencies, (3) and present findings associated with potential criminal activities.

scholarly journals Path Planning for Autonomous Ships: A Hybrid Approach Based on Improved APF and Modified VO Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Junmin Mou ◽  
Pengfei Chen ◽  
Mengxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Local Minimum ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Artificial Potential Field ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Local Path ◽  
Velocity Obstacle ◽  
Global And Local

In this research, a hybrid approach for path planning of autonomous ships that generates both global and local paths, respectively, is proposed. The global path is obtained via an improved artificial potential field (APF) method, which makes up for the shortcoming that the typical APF method easily falls into a local minimum. A modified velocity obstacle (VO) method that incorporates the closest point of approach (CPA) model and the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS), based on the typical VO method, can be used to get the local path. The contribution of this research is two-fold: (1) improvement of the typical APF and VO methods, making up for previous shortcomings, and integrated COLREGS rules and good seamanship, making the paths obtained more in line with navigation practice; (2) the research included global and local path planning, considering both the safety and maneuverability of the ship in the process of avoiding collision, and studied the whole process of avoiding collision in a relatively entirely way. A case study was then conducted to test the proposed approach in different situations. The results indicate that the proposed approach can find both global and local paths to avoid the target ship.

Building Bayesian networks for legal evidence with narratives: a case study evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte S. Vlek ◽  
Henry Prakken ◽  
Silja Renooij ◽  
Bart Verheij
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Legal Evidence ◽  
Study Evaluation
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