scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Sustainable Transport System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Electric Traction

The emissions from the internal combustion (IC) engine vehicle causes pollution which increases the carbon footprints in the environment which causes global warming. In ICE vehicle only 20 % of the energy produced by it is used to run the vehicle and rest 80 % of it get wasted. The emerging technology of Hybrid Electric vehicle (HEV) has become the feasible solution for the modern world as it lessens the carbon emission and augments the fuel performance of vehicle. The role of power electronic converters is very crucial in designing the configuration of HEVs. The performance of the converter is employed for realizing the features of electric traction motor drive. The paper analyses the performance of a small car powered by gasoline based internal combustion engine, series hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) and parallel hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) drive train. The simulation has been performed on Advanced Vehicle Simulator (ADVISOR) platform. Different types of HEVs configuration has been analyzed by considering three different driving schedules such as CYC_UDDS, CYC_NEDC and CYC_URBAN_INDIA. The gradability and acceleration test has also been carried out in all category of test vehicles and result is demonstrated by examining vehicle emission at each driving cycle

scholarly journals Multiobjective optimisation of a series hybrid electric vehicle using DIRECT algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmoula Rihab ◽  
◽  
Ben Hadj Naourez ◽  
Chaieb Mohamed ◽  
Neji Rafik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions

With the economic development, transportation in the city becomes more crowded. Furthermore, fuel consumption is causing a serious problem of pollution in the urban environment. Hybrid electric vehicles are considered as a good solution compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. In order to solve those problems, the components parameters of a series hybrid electric vehicle are selected and tested with the ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR (ADVISOR) simulation tool, which is a software-based on Matlab_simulink. Then, an optimisation was done to minimise simultaneous fuel consumption and emissions (HC, CO, and NOx) of the vehicle engine. In addition, the driving performance requirements are also examined during the urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) to fix their optimal control parameters. Finally, the results show that those steps help reduce fuel consumption and emissions while guaranteeing vehicle performance. Hence, the series hybrid electric vehicle greatly improves fuel economy and reduces toxic emissions.

Regenerative Braking Potential and Energy Simulations for a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Under Real Driving Conditions

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. S. B. Martins ◽  
J. M. O. Brito ◽  
A. M. D. Rocha ◽  
J. J. G. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Series Type ◽  
Energy Simulations ◽  
Electric Traction

There are several possible configurations and technologies for the powertrains of electric and hybrid vehicles, but most of them will include advanced energy storage systems comprising batteries and ultra-capacitors. Thus, it will be of capital importance to evaluate the power and energy involved in braking and the fraction that has the possibility of being regenerated. The Series type Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (S-PHEV), with electric traction and a small Internal Combustion Engine ICE) powering a generator, is likely to become a configuration winner. The first part of this work describes the model used for the quantification of the energy flows of a vehicle, following a particular route. Normalised driving-cycles used in Europe and USA and real routes and traffic conditions were tested. The results show that, in severe urban driving-cycles, the braking energy can represent more than 70% of the required useful motor-energy. This figure is reduced to 40% in suburban routes and to a much lower 18% on motorway conditions. The second part of the work consists on the integration of the main energy components of an S-PHEV into the mathematical model. Their performance and capacity characteristics are described and some simulation results presented. In the case of suburban driving, 90% of the electrical motor-energy is supplied by the battery and ultra-capacitors and 10% by the auxiliary ICE generator, while on motorway these we got 65% and 35%, respectively. The simulations also indicate an electric consumption of 120 W.h/km for a small 1 ton car on a suburban route. This value increases by 11% in the absence of ultra-capacitors and a further 28% without regenerative braking.

scholarly journals Series-Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle Parameter Analysis using MATLAB

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
Richik Ray
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Abstract: In this paper, a MATLAB based Simulink model of a Series-Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle is presented. With the advent of Industry 4.0, the usage of Big Data, Machine Learning, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and similar groundbreaking domains of technology have usurped manual supervision in industrial as well as personal scenarios. This is aided by the drastic shift from orthodox and conventional Internal Combustion Engine based vehicles fuelled by fossil fuels in the order of petrol, diesel, etc., to fully functional electric vehicles developed by renowned companies, for example Tesla. Alongside 100% electric vehicles are hybrid vehicles that function on a system based on the integration of the conventional ICE and the modern Electric Propulsion System, which is referred to as the Hybrid Vehicle Drivetrain. Designs for modern HEVs and EVs are developed on computer software where simulations are run and all the essential parameters for the vehicle’s performance and sustainability are run and observed. This paper is articulated to discuss the parameters of a series-parallel HEV through an indepth MATLAB Simulink design, and further the observations are presented. Keywords: ICE (Internal Combustion Engine), HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle), Drivetrain, MATLAB, Simulink, PSD (Power Split Device), Vehicle Dynamics, SOC (State-of-Charge)

Exergo-technological explicit methodology for gas-turbine system optimization of series hybrid electric vehicles

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (10) ◽  
pp. 1323-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam S Bou Nader ◽  
Charbel J Mansour ◽  
Maroun G Nemer ◽  
Olivier M Guezet
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Significant research efforts have been invested in the automotive industry on hybrid electrified powertrains in order to reduce the dependence of passenger cars on oil. Electrification of powertrains resulted in a wide range of hybrid vehicle architectures. The fuel consumption of these powertrains strongly relies on the energy converter performance, as well as on the energy management strategy deployed on board. This paper investigates the potential of fuel consumption savings of a series hybrid electric vehicle using a gas turbine as an energy converter instead of the conventional internal-combustion engine. An exergo-technological explicit analysis is conducted to identify the best configuration of the gas-turbine system. An intercooled regenerative reheat cycle is prioritized, offering higher efficiency and higher power density than those of other investigated gas-turbine systems. A series hybrid electric vehicle model is developed and powertrain components are sized by considering the vehicle performance criteria. Energy consumption simulations are performed over the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure driving cycle using dynamic programming as the global optimal energy management strategy. A sensitivity analysis is also carried out in order to evaluate the impact of the battery size on the fuel consumption, for self-sustaining and plug-in series hybrid electric vehicle configurations. The results show an improvement in the fuel consumption of 22–25% with the gas turbine as the auxiliary power unit in comparison with that of the internal-combustion engine. Consequently, the studied auxiliary power unit for the gas turbine presents a potential for implementation on series hybrid electric vehicles.

scholarly journals Modeling of Working Machines Synergy in the Process of the Hybrid Electric Vehicle Acceleration

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5818
Author(s):  
Konrad Prajwowski ◽  
Wawrzyniec Golebiewski ◽  
Maciej Lisowski ◽  
Karol F. Abramek ◽  
Dominik Galdynski
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Equivalent Fuel ◽  
Vehicle Acceleration ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Equivalent Fuel Consumption

There are many different mathematical models that can be used to describe relations between energy machines in the power-split hybrid drive system. Usually, they are created based on simulations or measurements in bench (laboratory) conditions. In that sense, however, these are the idealized conditions. It is not known how the internal combustion engine and electrical machines work in real road conditions, especially during acceleration. This motivated the authors to set the goal of solving this research problem. The solution was to implement and develop the model predictive control (MPC) method for driving modes (electric, normal) of a hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a power-split drive system. According to the adopted mathematical model, after determining the type of model and its structure, the measurements were performed. There were carried out as road tests in two driving modes of the hybrid electric vehicle: electric and normal. The measurements focused on the internal combustion engine and electrical machines parameters (torque, rotational speed and power), state of charge of electrochemical accumulator system and equivalent fuel consumption (expressed as a cost function). The operating parameters of the internal combustion engine and electric machines during hybrid electric vehicle acceleration assume the maximum values in the entire range (corresponding to the set vehicle speeds). The process of the hybrid electric vehicle acceleration from 0 to 47 km/h in the electric mode lasted for 12 s and was transferred into the equivalent fuel consumption value of 5.03 g. The acceleration of the hybrid electric vehicle from 0 to 47 km/h in the normal mode lasted 4.5 s and was transferred to the value of 4.23 g. The hybrid electric vehicle acceleration from 0 to 90 km/h in the normal mode lasted 11 s and corresponded to the cost function value of 26.43 g. The presented results show how the fundamental importance of the hybrid electric vehicle acceleration process with a fully depressed gas pedal is (in these conditions the selected driving mode is a little importance).

Design and optimization of a modified series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (6) ◽  
pp. 1419-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swagata Borthakur ◽  
Shankar C Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Traction Motor ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Vehicle Powertrain

Hybrid electric vehicles are emerging technologies that are considered as eco-friendly alternative solutions to internal combustion engine–driven vehicles. This paper proposes a modified hybrid electric vehicle powertrain system that addresses the shortcomings of a series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain. The proposed configuration replaces the conventional generator of a series hybrid electric vehicle with an integrated starter generator that supports the traction motor of the vehicle during acceleration and peak torque requirements and maintains the state of charge of the batteries to provide an extended electric range of the vehicle. The work done in this paper can be categorized into two stages. The first stage is the methodical development of the powertrain in terms of initial parameter matching and sizing of the vehicle components by considering the fundamentals of longitudinal vehicle dynamics. The second stage describes the optimization of the proposed configuration to meet the design objective of maximizing fuel economy subjected to a set of vehicle performance constraints. The performance of the proposed powertrain was evaluated and compared with a series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for an on-road Indian driving cycle using AVL CRUISE, which is a commercially available software for the study and analysis of road vehicle powertrains. Result analysis during initial parameterization showed a reduction in gross vehicle weight of the proposed configuration by 244 kg (1.5%) and an improvement in the average operating efficiency of the traction motor by around 11%, when compared to a series hybrid electric vehicle. Furthermore, the optimization results for the proposed configuration established an improvement in the fuel economy by 21% while meeting vehicle performance requirements.

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