scholarly journals Complete Treatment of Food Waste using Vertical Carbonizer

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S6) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Food Treatment ◽  
External Carbon Source ◽  
Fuel Costs

Conventional food processor was used as compost or feed after solid-liquid separation by crushing and compression. However, feedstuffs became difficult due to the inability to prevent toxic substances, and composting was reluctant to use inappropriately and excessively salty. Therefore, using food waste as its own heat source in the drying process will reduce fuel costs and provide new food treatment methods. The food waste that is rich in fat and protein is distilled and dried, the solid material is used as livestock feed, and the condensate is completely recycled as an external carbon source of deodorant or sewage treatment plant. At this time, the excess solid component is pyrolyzed in a vertical type carburetor, and a combustible gas is produced and burned to be utilized as a heat source of the food drying apparatus. The pyrolysis temperature of the dried food waste for making flammable gas was maintained at 400 ° C and in this case, the harmful gas was below the environmental standard. By maintaining 1200 ° C during combustion, the risk of dioxin was eliminated. The vertical carbonization system can be used as a solid fuel additive, a black gray concrete additive, a soil additive and the like, while the hydrocarbon gas produced by pyrolyzing the solid structure effectively is used as a clean fuel to reduce the fuel cost. Condensate is used as an external carbon source for liquid fertilizers, deodorizers and sewage treatment. This device is not necessary when using incinerator waste heat. In a food waste disposal facility in an area without an incinerator, the fuel can be self-sufficient and effectively reduce fuel costs.

Simultaneous removal of organic and strong nitrogen from sewage in a pilot-scale BNR process supplemented with food waste

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Chae ◽  
S.H. Lee ◽  
J.O. Kim ◽  
B.C. Paik ◽  
Y.C. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
External Carbon Source ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

As the sewerage system is incomplete, sewage in Korea lacks easily biodegradable organics for nutrient removal. In this country, about 11,400 tons of food waste of high organic materials is produced daily. Therefore, the potential of food waste as an external carbon source was examined in a pilot-scale BNR (biological nutrient removal) process for a half year. It was found that as the supply of the external carbon increased, the average removal efficiencies of T-N (total nitrogen) and T-P (total phosphorus) increased from 53% and 55% to 97% and 93%, respectively. VFAs (volatile fatty acids) concentration of the external carbon source strongly affected denitrification efficiency and EBPR (enhanced biological phosphorus removal) activity. Biological phosphorus removal was increased to 93% when T-N removal efficiency increased from 78% to 97%. In this study, several kinds of PHAs (poly-hydroxyalkanoates) in cells were observed. The observed PHAs was composed of 37% 3HB (poly-3- hydroxybutyrate), 47% 3HV (poly-3-hydroxyvalerate), 9% 3HH (poly-3-hydroxyhexanoate), 5% 3HO (poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate), and 2% 3HD (poly-3-hydroxydecanoate).

scholarly journals Ecological Processes Affecting Long-Term Eukaryote and Prokaryote Biofilm Persistence in Nitrogen Removal from Sewage

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Leena Angell ◽  
Linda Bergaust ◽  
Jon Fredrik Hanssen ◽  
Else Marie Aasen ◽  
Knut Rudi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Factors Affecting

The factors affecting long-term biofilm stability in sewage treatment remain largely unexplored. We therefore analyzed moving bed bioreactors (MBBRs) biofilm composition and function two years apart from four reactors in a nitrogen-removal sewage treatment plant. Multivariate ANOVA revealed a similar prokaryote microbiota composition on biofilm carriers from the same reactors, where reactor explained 84.6% of the variance, and year only explained 1.5%. Eukaryotes showed a less similar composition with reactor explaining 56.8% of the variance and year 9.4%. Downstream effects were also more pronounced for eukaryotes than prokaryotes. For prokaryotes, carbon source emerged as a potential factor for deterministic assembly. In the two reactors with methanol as a carbon source, the bacterial genus Methylotenera dominated, with M. versatilis as the most abundant species. M. versatilis showed large lineage diversity. The lineages mainly differed with respect to potential terminal electron acceptor usage (nitrogen oxides and oxygen). Searches in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database indicate a global distribution of the M. versatilis strains, with methane-containing sediments as the main habitat. Taken together, our results support long-term prokaryote biofilm persistence, while eukaryotes were less persistent.

Sewage Treatment of Post-Denitrification Oxic/Anoxic Biological Filter

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2781-2785
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiao Min Hu ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Tie Heng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Denitrification Rate ◽  
Anoxic Zone ◽  
External Carbon Source ◽  
Biological Filter ◽  
Filter Process ◽  
Oxic Zone ◽  
Better Than

The paper is intended to investigate the effect of denitrification and COD removal in the post-denitrification biological filter process, adding an external carbon source. Tow carbon sources are dosed, methanol and sewage. The experiment performs in a tow-classes biological filter, oxic zone and anoxic zone, indicate that denitrification rate can be instantaneously increased through the addition of either carbon source. The perfect inputs flow of methanol and sewage are 20 mg/L and 0.2Q (Q is the effluent flow). These results indicate that methanol is better than sewage to denitrification as carbon source and the effluent concentration of COD was low.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from waste

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Rhu ◽  
W.H. Lee ◽  
J.Y. Kim ◽  
E. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Economical Analysis ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Maximum Content

PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate) production was attempted with SBRs from food waste. Seed microbes were collected from a sewage treatment plant with a biological nutrient removal process, and acclimated with synthetic substrate prior to the application of the fermented food waste. Laboratory SBRs were used to produce PHA with limited oxygen and nutrients. The maximum content of 51% PHA was obtained with an anaerobic/aerobic cycle with P limitation, and the yield was estimated to be about 0.05 gPHAproduced/gCODapplied or 25 kg PHA/dry ton of food waste, assuming more than 40% of the PHA contents were recoverable. PHB/PHA ratios were 0.74 to 0.77 due to the higher acetate concentrations. Economical analysis seemed to suggest the PHA produced from the food waste could be an alternative material to produce the biodegradable plastic to be used for the collection bags for solid waste.

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