scholarly journals Formal characteristics of vernacurar architecture in Erbil city and other Iraqi cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Ahmed Khavat ◽  
Binyad Maruf Khaznadar
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
World View ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Collective Wisdom ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Grand Design ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
Ways Of Life ◽  
The Ideal

Related to their environmental contexts and available resources they are customarily owner- or community-built, utilizing traditional technologies. All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, accommodating the values, economies and ways of life of the cultures that produce them." (Oliver, 1997, p.ii) In another definition Oliver gives a description about the context of vernacular architecture: "Within the context of vernacular architecture it embraces what is known and what is inherited about the dwelling, building, or settlement. It includes the collective wisdom and experience of a society, and the norms that have become accepted by the group as being appropriate to its built environment." (Oliver, 1997, p.ii) In his book (House Form and Culture), Amos Rapoport makes a comparison between the buildings that belong to the grand design tradition and those of the folk tradition. (Rapoport, 1969,p.2) According to Rapoport, the monument- buildings of the grand design tradition- are built to impress either the populace with the power of the patron, or the peer group of designers and cognoscenti with the cleverness of the designer and good taste of the patron. The folk tradition, on the other hand, is the direct and unself-conscious translation into physical form of a culture, its needs and values as well as the desires, dreams, and passions of a people.•lt is the world view writ small, the "ideal" environment of a people expressed in buildings and settlements, with no designer, artist, or architect with an axe to grind (although to what extent the designer is really a form giver is a moot point). The folk tradition is much more closely related to the culture of themajority and life as it is really lived than is the grand design tradition, which represents the

scholarly journals Formal characteristics of vernacurar architecture in Erbil city and other Iraqi cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Ahmed Khavat ◽  
Binyad Maruf Khaznadar
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
World View ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Collective Wisdom ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Grand Design ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
Ways Of Life ◽  
The Ideal

Related to their environmental contexts and available resources they are customarily owner- or community-built, utilizing traditional technologies. All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, accommodating the values, economies and ways of life of the cultures that produce them." (Oliver, 1997, p.ii) In another definition Oliver gives a description about the context of vernacular architecture: "Within the context of vernacular architecture it embraces what is known and what is inherited about the dwelling, building, or settlement. It includes the collective wisdom and experience of a society, and the norms that have become accepted by the group as being appropriate to its built environment." (Oliver, 1997, p.ii) In his book (House Form and Culture), Amos Rapoport makes a comparison between the buildings that belong to the grand design tradition and those of the folk tradition. (Rapoport, 1969,p.2) According to Rapoport, the monument- buildings of the grand design tradition- are built to impress either the populace with the power of the patron, or the peer group of designers and cognoscenti with the cleverness of the designer and good taste of the patron. The folk tradition, on the other hand, is the direct and unself-conscious translation into physical form of a culture, its needs and values as well as the desires, dreams, and passions of a people.•lt is the world view writ small, the "ideal" environment of a people expressed in buildings and settlements, with no designer, artist, or architect with an axe to grind (although to what extent the designer is really a form giver is a moot point). The folk tradition is much more closely related to the culture of themajority and life as it is really lived than is the grand design tradition, which represents the

Tents: a paradigm of lightness and sustainability in vernacular architecture and in Frei Otto's work

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan María Songel
Keyword(s):  
Essential Feature ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Soap Film ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Hanging Chain ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between vernacular architecture and Frei Otto's work, searching for shared principles and specific singularities, and testing whether lightness and sustainability can be identified as a common goal.Design/methodology/approachThe study is focused on tents and yurts, as archetypal examples of traditional architecture, and membrane structures and gridshells, as two types of light structures developed by Frei Otto. A comparative analysis of their behavior, form, elements, types, materials and strength has been carried out.FindingsThe survey carried out shows that Frei Otto's innovative tents and gridshells were not based on form imitation of vernacular architecture, but rather on a thorough understanding of physical form-generating processes, driving specific materials to optimal form, like his experiments with soap film models to generate tensioned minimal surfaces or his experiments with hanging chain net models to generate compressive antifunicular lattice shells.Originality/valueThis paper highlights how Frei Otto's endeavor to get the maximum with the minimum, to achieve a lot from a little, is also a key target of lightness and sustainability, and an essential feature of vernacular architecture.

scholarly journals A social-eco-democrat between ideals and reality

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Jelena Djuric
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Identity Transformation ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Social Theorist ◽  
The Ideal

The challenge of discovering what is generally important vis-?-vis human being, through dealing with seemingly local topics, was the ideal of a late Serbian philosopher, ethicist and social theorist Prof. Dr. Svetozar Stojanovic, the ideal that he, by his own self-understanding, was persistently explored. The rediscovery of his world-view initiated by his recent passing, has a potential to arouse momentous thinking on the principles of identity transformation.

scholarly journals The Heritage Given: Cultural Landscape and Heritage of the Vistula Delta Mennonites as Perceived by the Contemporary Residents of the Region

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Klaudia Nowicka
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
World View ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Science Centre ◽  
The One ◽  
Vistula Delta ◽  
Ways Of Life

All tangible and intangible elements of cultural heritage that the past has conceded to local communities create unique landscapes shaped by tightly connected anthropogenic and natural factors. This heritage is a keystone of local identity which plays a significant role in politics, economic development, society and world view. In some regions, such as in the Vistula delta in Poland, the cultural heritage has been created by consecutive groups of settlers who represented different values, beliefs and ways of life. On the one hand, such a rich heritage may be perceived as a valuable asset and become a landmark or tourism product of a region. On the other hand, it may be perceived as alien and unwanted by contemporary residents, especially when they are not descendants of the former communities. The main objective of the study presented herein is to analyse how the residents of the Vistula delta region, called Żuławy Wiślane, perceive and use cultural heritage of the Mennonites, representing the most extraordinary group of settlers who used to live in the region. The analysis covers original data gathered during survey research in the period of 2017–2018 under the project Miniatura I “Perception and usage of cultural heritage of the Vistula delta Mennonites” financed by the National Science Centre in Poland.

scholarly journals Kekuasaan dan Pengetahuan: Diskursus Mitos Maskulinitas Pada Seksualitas Pemuda

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Larossa Bilquis ◽  
Nurul Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Sex Behavior ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Young Immigrants ◽  
The Ideal

This study aims to uncover how the masculinity discourse of young immigrants in Uluwatu Bali (basecamp) exists. By using Foucault's Genaology, the insights and values they adopt one by one must be dismantled to see what logic they are constructs. This research using qualitative method with fenomenology approach, which used foucoult framework abour sex and power. It can be said, in this research found various discourses reproduced by various sources of youth knowledge regarding the myth of masculinity which is identical to the characteristics and behavior of men who are strong, aggressive, dominant, rude, and full of egoism. In practice, they myth that their various behaviors, especially regarding their sexuality, are a manifestation of their masculinity as a male. The internet or online media and the environment in which they live are one of the sources of knowledge for young people that create discourses about the myth of masculinity. The youth in the peer group also take part in formulating discourses about ideal masculinity for their group. Free sex behavior, dare to take risks, follow wild races to cause chaos are the masculinity myths they adopt as the ideal male masculinity. This study also found that the masculinity myth was more often represented in youth sexual practices as an affirmation of control over women's bodies and sexuality in order to maintain their reputation in front of their friends and others. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membongkar bagaimana hadirnya diskursus maskulinitas pemuda pendatang di uluwatu Bali (basecamp). Dengan menggunakan Genaologi Foucault, pemahaman dan nilai yang mereka adopsi satu per satu harus dibongkar untuk melihat logika apa yang sebenarnya mereka bangun. Sehingga dapat ditemukan berbagai wacana yang direproduksi oleh berbagai sumber pengetahuan pemuda mengenai mitos maskulinitas diamana identik dengan sifat dan perilaku laki-laki kuat, agresif, dominatif, kasar, dan penuh egoisme. Dalam praktiknya mereka memitoskan beragam perilakunya terutama menyangkut seksualitasnya merupakan manifestasi dari maskulinitasnya sebagai laki-laki yang jantan. Internet atau media online serta lingkungan tempat tinggal mereka menjadi salah satu sumber pengetahuan pemuda yang menciptakan diskursus mengenai mitos maskulinitas tersebut. Para pemuda dalam peer groupnya juga mengambil bagian dalam merumuskan wacana-wacana mengenai maskulinitas ideal bagi kelompoknya. Perilaku seks bebas, berani mengambil resiko, mengikuti balap liar hingga menyebabkan keonaran merupakan mitos-mitos maskulinitas yang mereka adopsi sebagai maskulinitas laki-laki ideal. Penelitian ini juga menemukan jika mitos maskulinitas tersebut lebih banyak direpresentasikan kedalam praktik-praktik seksual pemuda sebagai penegasan atas penguasaan tubuh dan seksualitas perempuan demi mempertahankan reputasinya di hadapan teman-temannya dan orang lain.

scholarly journals The Foodlet Vehicle Designed for and Used in the Iris I Intervention

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (3_suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S16-S19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Lock
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
The Other ◽  
Micronutrient Supplementation ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Multiple Micronutrient ◽  
The Ideal

At the behest of UNICEF, conceptual specifications from the International Workshop on Micronutrient Supplementation throughout the Life Cycle (held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in November 1999) were developed for a chewable, flavored multiple-micronutrient vehicle that was a hybrid of a food and a tablet (i.e., “foodLET”). Two varieties of foodLET were created: one with a single infant–toddler RDA for selected micronutrients, and the other with two RDAs for the same vitamins and minerals. They were shipped and stored in special, hermetic blister packs to protect the physical form from crumbling and to protect the vitamins from oxidative damage. In the actual experience of delivering more than 40,000 foodLETs in four sites in diverse settings, the ability of the product to live up to the ideal characteristics can be assessed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Balcony to Enhance Natural Ventilation in Local Houses in Mazandaran Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Azadeh Mahmoudi Kohneh Rood Posht ◽  
Khosro Daneshjoo ◽  
Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Climate Classification ◽  
Physical Form

<p>Utilization of natural ventilation in buildings has a long history. Architecture has been trying to response to weather conditions all the time. Wind catcher, mashrabiya, portico and iwan are some examples of climate designs in vernacular architecture which have shown the importance of natural ventilation since a long time ago. The efficiency scope of natural ventilation when used with other cooling techniques will be more widespread. Today, designing desirable buildings using natural ventilation requires knowing theoretical foundations and a detailed study based on new knowledge regarding the feasibility of the use of components design and equipment related to natural ventilation. The present research aims to offer architects some design solutions in order to take advantage of natural ventilation in buildings using the vernacular architecture. Through matching features of functional spaces in local houses with climatic characteristics of regions around the Caspian sea (Mazandaran province) and determining the pattern used in these spaces in housing areas, the present study seeks to answer this question: “Are types of local houses in regions with moderate and humid climate in Iran (Mazandaran) consistent with regional climate in terms of patterns applied in internal functional spaces? How do regional climate features affect physical form of houses?”</p><p>The results show that there is a direct and consistent relationship between vernacular architectural features of Mazandaran province and climate classification and regional climate. It also enhances home comfort in summer and finally, it can be concluded that local houses are built based on the climate classification and environment context, and natural ventilation is the most important factor affecting the conditions which improve environmental comfort. The present research provides some guidelines for the architectural design of residential buildings in regions with moderate and humid climate with the aim of achieving maximum level of natural ventilation.  Also, in order to exploit the potential of natural ventilation, the results of the research will help architect select optimal designing parameters in harmony with the regional climate. </p>

Culturally Responsive Evaluation as a Form of Critical Qualitative Inquiry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Bryan ◽  
Ashlee Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
World View ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Responsive Evaluation ◽  
Shared Beliefs ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Ways Of Life

As a form of applied research, program evaluation is concerned with determining the worth, merit, or value of a program or project using various research methods. Over the past 20 years, the field of program evaluation has seen an expansion in the number of approaches deemed useful in accomplishing the goals of an evaluation. One of the newest approaches to the practice of evaluation is culturally responsive evaluation. Practitioners of CRE draw from a “responsive approach” to evaluation that involves being attuned to and responsive toward not only the program itself, but also its larger cultural context and the lives and experiences of program staff and stakeholders. CRE views culture broadly as the totality of shared beliefs, behaviors, values, and customs socially transmitted within a group and which shapes group members’ world view and ways of life. Further, with respect to their work, culturally responsive evaluators share similar commitments with scholars to critical qualitative inquiry, including a belief in moving inquiry (evaluation) beyond description to intervention in the pursuit of progressive social change, as well as positioning their work as a means by which to confront injustices in society, particularly the marginalization of people of color. Owing to these beliefs and aims, culturally responsive evaluators tend to lean toward a more qualitative orientation, both epistemologically and methodologically. Thus, when taken up in practice, culturally responsive evaluation can be read as a form of critical qualitative inquiry.

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