scholarly journals CUSTOM HIRING VERSUS OWNERSHIP OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY SERVICES IN RICE PRODUCTION FARMS IN ALNAJAF AL-ASHRAF PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. R. KADHIM
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Engineering Costs ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Individual

Investments in ownership of agricultural machinery services and access to them, especially for small-scale farmers, may not be the minimum cost option in comparison with hiring these required services through oral or written agricultural hire contracts. The main objective of this research is to test whether the custom hiring status of agricultural machinery services is better for selected sample in comparison with the other potential alternatives. The theoretical framework based on the financial approach of engineering costs analysis of agricultural machineries services, to calculate discounted cash flows. The data were collected by using cross- section data in rice production farms in Alnajaf Al-ashraf province during 2015 farming season. The results indicated that the total costs of the used machineries are lower purchasing price, fixed costs and requires more powered skills than new machineries. Results also pointed out that the values of net present criterion had negative sign and less than zero at 5%, 7% and 10% discount rates because of the costs of financing exceed total revenues earned from agricultural machineries in addition to the results showed that the investments on all new and used agricultural machinery in the study area are unprofitable based on profitability ratio criteria. The custom hire should be encouraged for enhancing the use of agricultural machinery services in the province due to it is highly profitable from the individual investor viewpoint.

scholarly journals MARGIN OF SAFETY OF HIRING DECISION OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY SERVICES BY RICE FARMERS IN ALNAJAF AL-ASHRAF PROVINCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 756-762
Author(s):  
Z. R. Kadhim
Keyword(s):  
Safety Margin ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Hiring Decision ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Margin Of Safety ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Break Even Point

The main objective of this study is to compute margin of safety of hiring decision of agricultural machinery services in Iraq. A cost-volume-profit analysis by using breakeven point technique has been followed to find out the margin of safety by using cross- section data in rice production farms in Alnajaf province. Results showed that the break-even point for different types of original agricultural field machinery were 427, 6.5, and 221 hours for tractor and machinery of soil preparation, farm sprayer, and combine harvester, respectively, while the values of break-even point for different types of used agricultural field machinery were 309, 10, and 319 hours for tractor, farm sprayer, and combine harvester, in that order. Results also pointed out that the negative sign of safety margin of areas of all machineries indicated that there are losses faced by small scale farmers in case of ownership these machineries, and the minimum lose amounted about $ 316116 for original tractor, $ 52611 for used tractor, $ 220.5 for original farm sprayer, $ 88 for used farm sprayer, $ 664664 for original combine harvester and $ 584650 for used combine harvester. The study recommended that it is useful for small scale farmers in Alnajaf province to continue hiring various agricultural machinery services rather than purchase them due to the absence of safety margin of holding areas. Therefore machine stations of agricultural machineries services maybe developed by Iraqi government in the study region to provide these services to the farmers with supported prices.

scholarly journals Integrating soil science into agricultural production frontiers

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Ekbom ◽  
Yonas Alem ◽  
Thomas Sterner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Science ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Production Frontier ◽  
Output Elasticity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis paper integrates soil science variables into an economic analysis of agricultural output among small-scale farmers in Kenya's highlands. The integration is valuable because farmers’ choice of inputs depends on both the status of the soil and socioeconomic conditions. The study uses a stochastic production frontier in which the individual farm's distance to the frontier depends systematically on individual factors. We show the importance of including key soil properties and find that phosphorus has a negative output elasticity, suggesting that farms may be using the wrong fertilizer mix. Hence, the central policy implication is that while fertilizers are generally beneficial, their application needs to be based on better soil information. This highlights the importance of strengthening agricultural extension, increased access to markets and more diversified supply of production inputs.

RETRACTED: Challenges for efficient land use in rice production of northern Iran: The use of modern cultivars among small-scale farmers

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Daryoush Ashoori ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari ◽  
Christos A. Damalas ◽  
Asghar Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

scholarly journals Perceived Benefits of Adoption of Improved Rice Production Technologies Among Small–Scale Farmers in Kogi state, Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Rashid Solagberun Adisa ◽  
Tijani Abdulhamid Ahmed ◽  
Ojomugbokenyode Ebenehi ◽  
Felix Ojochogwu Oyibo
Keyword(s):  
Rice Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

scholarly journals Production Costs and Benefits of Japonica Rice in Mwea, Kenya

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Mamoru Watanabe ◽  
Yutaka Sumita ◽  
Issaku Azechi ◽  
Kengo Ito ◽  
Keigo Noda
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Production Stage ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

From the perspective of national food security, strengthening domestic rice production is an urgent issue for Kenya. For this purpose, it is helpful to consider varieties that generate novel and competitive values different from those of conventional varieties. Recently, domestic japonica rice, which is now being distributed, has become an attractive variety with a high market price and its production is expected to increase. Although it is competitive and promising as a crop for small-scale farmers, the production stage costs and benefits are not clear. Thus, a study was conducted to perform a cost–benefit analysis of japonica rice in comparison to conventional rice at the production stage and evaluate strategies for strengthening the domestic production of rice. We conducted an experimental cultivation of japonica rice in the Mwea region, Kenya, where japonica rice is produced. As a result, although production costs for japonica rice are higher than costs for conventional varieties (24.46 KSh/kg versus 22.63 KSh/kg), when a high-yielding variety is grown (6.44 tons/ha for japonica rice compared to 6.07 tons/ha for conventional rice), a larger net profit can be obtained (65.54 KSh/kg versus 32.37 KSh/kg). We believe that initiatives to improve difficulties at the production stage would make the production of both japonica rice and conventional rice more economically viable and facilitate strengthening of the overall domestic rice production.

scholarly journals Profitability analysis of paddy production: A case of agricultural zone 1, Niger State Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Madu Ali Bwala ◽  
Aniobi U John
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

This study estimated the profitability of rice production among small scale farmers in Bida agricultural zone of Niger state. The study utilized a multi-stage random sampling technique to select a total of one hundred and five (105) rice farmers in the area. The data was collected through a well-structured questionnaire from four communities in the study area. Descriptive statistics and farm budgeting tools were used for the analyses. The descriptive analysis showed that the farmers are highly productive between the age range of 37- 48 years. Furthermore, results also revealed land area cultivated by the farmers to be generally below two hectares. The finding further revealed the variable cost per hectare for rice production to be $126,100 per production cycle, while total revenue of $227,500 was realized by the respondents. The results also revealed cost of labour to account for the largest portion (54.0%) of the total variable cost. This is followed by the cost of seed, fertilizer, transportation, herbicide, pesticide and bagging. The farm budgeting analysis revealed the costs and returns of rice production to be profitable with a gross margin of $101,400 and net farm profit of $98,546.4. The gross profit ratio was calculated to be 0.45 which implies that farmers are selling their rice produce at a relatively high profit percentage. Based on the results obtained from the study, it was concluded that rice production in Bida Agricultural Zone of Niger State is profitable. Hence, the cultivation of rice is an important enterprise that should be encourage, considering the fact that it is a major staple. It is therefore recommended that timely availability of farm inputs such as improved seed variety and agrochemicals will further boos trice production in the area. Furthermore, provision of credit facilities to small scale farmers is a viable policy to be pursuedJ. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 88-92, April 2018

Researching Alternative Cash Crops for Small Scale Farmers in Southern Ohio

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 530a-530
Author(s):  
Brad Bergefurd ◽  
Gary Gao
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Cash Crops ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
Culinary Herbs ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Speciality crops are great alternative cash crops for small scale farmers. Small scale farmers are constantly searching for viable economic crops to grow. We have been conducting applied research on the production and marketing of culinary herbs, oriental vegetables, colored peppers, and muskmelons to name a few. These crops show excellent potential for southern Ohio. Field demonstration, seminars, and surveys were used to gather and disseminate information on these speciality crops. More than 230 people attended our seminars on alternative cash crops. More than 150 people attended our field days. In addition, we had identified many chefs that are willing to purchase from local speciality crop growers. It will be a win-win situation for both chefs and growers. Growers will be able to maximize their profitability while chefs will receive fresh and unique produce. As a result of our research, we were able to show small scale growers what they can grow successfully and how they can market their crops for most profit. These applied research projects received a combined funding of $10000.00 from OSU Extension-Innovative Grant program. These projects are a great way to establish credibility among clients. We would also like to demonstrate how other extension agents can help their clients. A lecture utilizing slides and overhead transparencies will be the format of the seminar.

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