A LIPID PROFILE STUDY AMONGST THE CASES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction: India leads the world with largest number of diabetic cases and is often referred to as the diabetes capital. Diabetic dyslipidemia in India is one of the main causes for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) mortality of the world. Dyslipidemia are disorders of lipoprotein metabolism, including lipoprotein overproduction or deficiency. It is a preventable risk factor which is mostly observed in diabetes cases and that may precipitate the cardiovascular disorders. Our aim of the study is to determine the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on lipid profile of diabetic cases reporting at tertiary care hospital. Materials and methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at Department of Biochemistry, Patna Science College, Patna, Bihar. Total 140 diabetic cases were randomly selected and they were examined for dyslipidemia. Fasting blood glucose concentration and Lipid Profile [Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and Triglycerides (TG)] were investigated by using commercially available reagent kits in Biochemistry analyzer. Collected data was analyzed by using appropriate software. Results: Out of total 140 diabetic cases examined, the mean age of cases was 48.93 ± 12.1 years. In present study we found the mean Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) was 188.76 ± 54.63 mg/dl. The prevalence rates in our study for high Total Cholesterol (TC) and Triglycerides (TG) were 13.6% and 41.4% respectively. The prevalence rates for high LDL-C, very high LDL-C and low HDL-C in the diabetic subjects were 8.6%, 5.0% and 72.9% respectively. Conclusion: The diabetic cases had elevated serum total cholesterol, elevated triglyceride (triacylglycerol) and slightly elevated low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and reduced levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) indicating that diabetic cases were more prone to cardiovascular diseases. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemia, Triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, Total Cholesterol.

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Evaluation of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12452 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 16-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Devendra Pratap Singh Rajput ◽

Javed Yusuf Shah ◽

Priti Singh ◽

Shyransh Jain

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Back ground: In type 2 diabetes mellitus lipid abnormalities are almost the rule. Dyslipidemia has been noted to play an integral role in the pathogenesis and progression of micro and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients. The complications exemplified by renal, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease cause the most morbidity and mortality in this group of patients.Aims and Objectives: This study is aimed at understanding the pattern of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: During two month study period, total 100 patients with diabetes mellitus were evaluated for dyslipidemia. Plasma glucose was estimated by GOD –POD method and Lipid profile by photometry method. Lipid profile was evaluated by investigating the subjects for total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein. In statistical analysis data were analyzed by using various statistical methods like percentage, proportions and tables by using epi info software.Results: Out of 100 patients 72(72%) were males and 28(28%) were females. The mean fasting blood sugar of total patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 158.35mg/dl. in male diabetics, fasting blood sugar level with diabetes mellitus was 157.56mg/dl and in female diabetics it was 159.14mg/dl. The pattern of dyslipidemia in our study showed significantly higher levels of serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, LDL-C in both male and female diabetics and lower levels of HDL-C in female diabetics. There was no significant difference in lipid profile pattern in male and female diabetic patients except lower levels of HDL-C in female diabetic patients. Conclusion: This study showed that dyslipidemia is highly prevalent among type 2 diabetic patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12452Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 16-19

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Pattern of lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus-a study from north Bihar

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175464 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 5406

Author(s):

Bhagwan Das ◽

Durgesh Kumar ◽

Munish Kumar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Variable Degree

Background: Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degree of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased glucose production.Methods: To study of pattern of lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus, 100 cases of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending the tertiary care centre were selected. The result was compared with 25 healthy, non-obese, non- diabetic and non-hypertensive subjects.Results: Triglyceride (TG) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels lower in diabetics than healthy controls. Total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were other fractions which were slightly above optimal levels in diabetics.Conclusions: From our study, it was concluded that diabetes mellitus has a real impact on lipid metabolism.

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DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS AND RISK FACTORS OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN BOGOR, INDONESIA

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s1.24045 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 5-8

Author(s):

SARASWATI PRADIPTA ◽

HERI WIBOWO ◽

DANTE SAKSONO HARBUWONO ◽

EKOWATI RAHAJENG ◽

RAHMA AYU LARASATI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients tend to have abnormal lipid profiles, explaining the association between elevated cholesterol andtriglyceride levels in diabetic patients and coronary heart disease. This study aims to evaluate how the common risk factors for dyslipidemia affectthe lipid profile of diabetic patients and to determine which factors can be used as predictors for the occurrence of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients.Methods: A total of 238 diabetic patients (63 male and 175 female; age: 31–70 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All of them hadundergone regular examinations in cohort studies on risk factors for non-communicable diseases conducted by the Ministry of Health in Bogorbetween December 2017 and January 2018.Results: The result found that age differences did not affect lipid profile levels, and the females had higher mean values of body mass index (p<0.001),total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.05), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p<0.001) than the males. The most common occurrences of dyslipidemia werehigh TC level (57.1%), followed by high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (47.1%), high triglyceride level (37.4%), and low HDL level (16.4%). Beingoverweight was found to be the best predictor of dyslipidemia.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that in T2DM patients, sex affects TC and HDL levels, whereas age does not exert a significant effect onthe lipid profiles. In addition, poor glycemic control, hypertension, and obesity may serve as predictors of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients.

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Utility of hsCRP as an add onn to Lipid Profile for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Association of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jdean.v5i1.38800 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

J.K. Baranwal ◽

R. Maskey ◽

S. Majhi ◽

M. Lamsal ◽

N. Baral

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Ethical Review ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is common in Diabetes and is predictive of cardiovascular events. But, myocardial infarction in the setting of normal lipids levels is not uncommon. hsCRP has been studied elaborately and is found to be a stronger predictor of heart attack and stroke than LDL cholesterol. We conducted this study to observe the level of hsCRP in adults with Type 2 Diabetes and its association with lipid parameters. Methods: It is a cross sectional study including 168 Type 2 Diabetes patients conducted in department of biochemistry and internal medicine at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal for duration of one year. The ethical clearance was taken from the institutional ethical review board and patients were enrolled after taking informed consent. Venous blood was collected and serum lipid profile and hsCRP were measured. Results: The means±SD for age, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and HDL/LDL ratio of patients were 52.2±11.9 years, 182.9±41.9 mg/dl, 41.6±8 mg/dl, 94.9±20 mg/dl, and 0.47±0.18 respectively. The medians of TG and hsCRP were 152.5 (109, 195) mg/dl and 1.9 (0.9, 2.8) mg/dl respectively. hs-CRP was found to have significant positive correlation with TC (r=0.286), LDL (r=0.652) and TG (r=0.299) and significant negative correlation with HDL (r= -0.614) and HDL/LDL ratio (r= -0.646). Only 33% of patients were categorised as having increased CVS risk according to high LDL levels but altogether 75% of patients had increased CVS risk according to hsCRP levels. Conclusion: hsCRP can be considered as an add on to lipid profile while predicting CVS complications in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in our population.

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Correlation of Lipid Profile with Duration of Diabetes and HbA1c Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

SBV Journal of Basic, Clinical and Applied Health Science ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10082-02234 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

Shanmuga Priya ◽

Nasreen Begum

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Hba1c Levels

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Lipid Profile Abnormalities in Bangladeshi Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Bangladesh Critical Care Journal ◽

10.3329/bccj.v7i1.40767 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 44-47

Author(s):

Afsana Begum ◽

SM Rezaul Irfan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the leading non-communicable diseases all over the world including Bangladesh. Diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Impaired lipid profile is commonly present in type 2 diabetes. We aimed to research serum lipid profile abnormalities hypothesizing that early detection and treatment of lipid abnormalitiescan minimize the risk for atherogenic cardiovascular disorder and cerebrovascular accident in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This observational cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Biochemistry, Bangladesh Institute of Research & Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM).A total 105patients with T2DM of age within the range of 30-45 years were selected& their Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG) and glycatedhaemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were evaluated. Significantly higher mean serum levels of TC, TG and LDL and significantly lower mean serum levels of HDL were noted in patients with diabetes . Significant correlations were observed between HbA1c value and serum levels of TC, TG and HDL (p<0.05) but no correlation of HbA1c value withlow density lipoprotein in diabetes patient.The study showed widespread lipid abnormalities in the course of diabetes triggered dyslipidemia as hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated LDL and decreased HDL. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 44-47

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Metabolic Status of Lean, Overweight, and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Indian Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10054-0002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10

Author(s):

Shilpa B Asegaonkar ◽

Ishrat Kareem ◽

Avinash Pagdhune ◽

Anand Thorat ◽

Mangala S Borkar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Visceral Adiposity ◽

Metabolic Status ◽

Anthropometric Measures

ABSTRACT Aims To compare metabolic status of lean vs overweight/ obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and correlate biochemical parameters with anthropometric measures. Materials and methods A total of 100 T2DM patients were categorized as lean and overweight/obese according to body mass index (BMI); 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were selected. Anthropometric measures of BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist:hip (W:H) were recorded. Fasting blood samples were assayed for fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and nonesterified free fatty acids (NEFA). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was calculated by Friedewald's formula and TG: HDL was measured as measure of insulin resistance (IR). Results Anthropometric measures of overall (BMI 31.65 ± 5.49, 20.34 ± 2.45 vs 22.29 ± 3.21) and visceral adiposity (WC 91.98 ± 6.8, 75.45 ± 4.34 vs 74.19 ± 3.98 and W:H 0.99 ± 0.12, 0.78 ± 0.21 vs 0.76 ± 0.32) were significantly higher in overweight/ obese (p < 0.05) compared with lean T2DM and controls. Total cholesterol, TG, LDL, and NEFA were significantly raised and HDL decreased in T2DM compared with those of controls. But much higher values were observed in overweight/obese than in lean group. Triglycerides: HDL was significantly higher in obese than in lean patients (4.66 ± 1.89 vs 7.91 ± 3.01), confirming significantly decreased insulin sensitivity among obese than non-obese diabetics. Positive correlation was observed between BMI, WC, W:H and TC, TG, LDL, NEFA, and TG:HDL, while negative correlation was observed with HDL in obese group. Lean individuals with normal BMI, WC had deranged lipids with IR. Conclusion Lean and obese T2DM have dyslipidemia and IR. Poor metabolic profile is associated with overall and visceral adiposity in obese and not in lean T2DM individuals. How to cite this article Asegaonkar SB, Kareem I, Aghade S, Pagdhune A, Thorat A, Borkar MS. Metabolic Status of Lean, Overweight, and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Indian J Med Biochem 2016;20(1):6-10.

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