scholarly journals Comparison of Kidney Segmentation Under Attention U-Net Architectures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Alevizos ◽  
Marcia Hon
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Noise ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
The Us ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Kidney Segmentation ◽  
Learning Architectures

One of the most prominent machine learning advantages in the medical industry is the early detection of disease. Automatic kidney detection is of great importance for rapid diagnosis and treatment, where related diseases occupy over 73,750 new cases in the US in 2020 [1]. Today, the performance of diagnosis has been by highly trained radiologists. However, the complex structures contribute to speckle noise and inhomogeneous intensity profiles. Thus, there is a necessity to automate segmentation on kidney ultrasounds using U-Net Deep Learning architectures - an innovative solution for Medical Imaging Analysis. In this research, our focus is on the comparison of Attention U-Net in the context of different backbones such as VGG19, ResNet152V2, and EfficientNetB7. By providing this comparison, we will accomplish a survey for future researchers to more effectively decide on which Attention U-Net architecture to utilize for their segmentation projects.

scholarly journals Comparison of Kidney Segmentation Under Attention U-Net Architectures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Alevizos ◽  
Marcia Hon
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Noise ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
The Us ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Kidney Segmentation ◽  
Learning Architectures

One of the most prominent machine learning advantages in the medical industry is the early detection of disease. Automatic kidney detection is of great importance for rapid diagnosis and treatment, where related diseases occupy over 73,750 new cases in the US in 2020 [1]. Today, the performance of diagnosis has been by highly trained radiologists. However, the complex structures contribute to speckle noise and inhomogeneous intensity profiles. Thus, there is a necessity to automate segmentation on kidney ultrasounds using U-Net Deep Learning architectures - an innovative solution for Medical Imaging Analysis. In this research, our focus is on the comparison of Attention U-Net in the context of different backbones such as VGG19, ResNet152V2, and EfficientNetB7. By providing this comparison, we will accomplish a survey for future researchers to more effectively decide on which Attention U-Net architecture to utilize for their segmentation projects.

scholarly journals Comparison of Kidney Segmentation Under Attention U-Net Architectures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Alevizos ◽  
Marcia Hon
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Noise ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
The Us ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Kidney Segmentation ◽  
Learning Architectures

One of the most prominent machine learning advantages in the medical industry is the early detection of disease. Automatic kidney detection is of great importance for rapid diagnosis and treatment, where related diseases occupy over 73,750 new cases in the US in 2020 [1]. Today, the performance of diagnosis has been by highly trained radiologists. However, the complex structures contribute to speckle noise and inhomogeneous intensity profiles. Thus, there is a necessity to automate segmentation on kidney ultrasounds using U-Net Deep Learning architectures - an innovative solution for Medical Imaging Analysis. In this research, our focus is on the comparison of Attention U-Net in the context of different backbones such as VGG19, ResNet152V2, and EfficientNetB7. By providing this comparison, we will accomplish a survey for future researchers to more effectively decide on which Attention U-Net architecture to utilize for their segmentation projects.

Industry Partnership to Help Transform Liberal Arts Graduates to Advanced Manufacturing Careers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Zeid ◽  
Susanne Steiger-Escobar ◽  
Marina Bograd ◽  
Chitra Javdekar ◽  
Claire Duggan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
It Industry ◽  
National Strategic Plan ◽  
The Us ◽  
Manufacturing Organizations ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Industry Needs ◽  
Workforce Needs

It is well recognized that manufacturing is making a comeback to the US, from the outsourcing that took place between 1980–2010. The need for advanced manufacturing careers is also well documented by many manufacturing organizations, substantiated by the report entitled “A National Strategic Plan for Advanced Manufacturing” which was released by the Executive Office of the President National Science and Technology Council’s in February 2012. The Association for Manufacturing Excellence (AME) points out that at the height of the recession, 32% of manufacturers reported that they had jobs unfilled because they could not find people with requisite skills. It is also well documented that liberal arts (BA) graduates suffer from mal-employment problems; they are either underemployed or unemployed. To solve this problem, this paper describes an innovative solution of transforming BA graduates to take on advanced manufacturing positions to meet the skilled workforce needs and fill these positions. This paper briefly describes the program, but focuses mainly on one aspect of it: industry partnerships. We describe the importance of industry partners to the proposed solution. We also discuss industry needs.

scholarly journals “And [they] built a crooked h[arbour]” – the Schrems ruling and what it means for the future of data transfers between the EU and US

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 54-70
Author(s):  
João Marques
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Safe Harbour ◽  
The Us ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Data Transfers ◽  
Will Force ◽  
The Eu

Safe Harbour (Henceforth, SH) has been the main enabler of EU-US personal data transfers since Decision 2000/520/EC came into force. Initially, Safe Harbour was seen as an innovative solution to a difficult problem. However, the problems the agreement was created to solve were never remedied. Thus, it did not come as a surprise that the Court of Justice of the European Union (hereinafter, CJEU), in Case C-362/14 (the Schrems ruling), deemed the agreement invalid. In the story “And he built a crooked house”, the infamous ‘crooked house’, designed by Robert A. Heinlein’s character Quintus Teal, mirrors SH’s flawed design. It also exemplifies the fact that great innovations can fail if not thought through carefully. Although the Schrems ruling’s scope does not go beyond Decision 2000/520/EC, it will force European Data Protection Agencies to look deeper into alternative data transfer mechanisms and possibly, consider transfers to jurisdictions other than the US. Furthermore, this decision highlights the fact that if any progress on this front is going to be made going forward regarding personal data transfers, any solution(s) would have to be made at a global level. This paper will provide an overview of the implications of the CJEU ruling on data transfers between the EU and the US going forward.

scholarly journals Detecting the Disease before it’s Too Late

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
. Utkarsh
Keyword(s):  
Medical Industry ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Special Test ◽  
Development Cost ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Global Data

Specific trials or examination exists in detecting deadly diseases. Various facilities are provided these days for determining many chronic diseases, like in detecting cancer, tuberculosis, keratin level (dialysis), coronary artery disease, etc.   But delaying in diagnosing emergency cases which need very quick action will lead to adverse situations. The process of this early detection of disease starts with a special test and further process depends on the special test result whether it is positive or negative. The sad reality of modern technology in the medical industry is that there is very less availability of vanguard doctors, who can help patients in diagnosing their disease, which can be treated successfully as soon as possible diagnosis has been done. Therefore, Hong Kong University (HKU) scientists discovered “Biomarker” which is being rapidly used by physicians, Neuroscientists and epidemiologists in measuring the intensity of disease provided with the details of its cause and treatment. Biomarkers possess possibilities in making wishes of doctors and scientists into reality, to identify that person who is at high risk of any disease so that doctors can take protective measures in saving that life within time. Nevertheless, according to Global data “Biomarkers” are a useful instrument in examining COVID-19 vaccine and fastening the process of clinical trials, decreasing the development cost and decreasing patient security risk. They also can be utilized to find the drug which can help in treating Covid-19 patients and can also be used to determine which drugs might be able to treat COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals CORBA-based Runtime Environments for Standardized Distributed Learning Architectures

10.28945/2412 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Anido Rifon ◽  
Martin Llamas Nistal ◽  
Manuel J. Fernandez Iglesias ◽  
Manuel Caeiro Rodnguez ◽  
Juan M. Santos Gago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Systems ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Runtime Environment ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
The Us ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Runtime Environments ◽  
Learning Architectures

The learning technology standardization process is taking the lead role in the research efforts into computer-based education. Institutions like the IEEE or the US Department of Defense have set up committees to deliver recommendations and specifications on this area to provide interoperability between different educational systems. The first part of this paper shows an up-to-date survey on this field. In the second part we present our contribution to this area: a distributed architecture to develop interoperable educational frameworks over a CORBA domain interface. Our system aims at the standardization the development process of distributed educational environments from reusable software components. We focus our attention on the runtime environment, which is responsible for contents delivering, student tracking and course routing.

Solid-phase immunoelectron microscopy for rapid diagnosis of enteroviruses

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 226-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pegg-Feige ◽  
F. W. Doane
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Virus Diagnosis ◽  
Antiviral Antibody

Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) applied to rapid virus diagnosis offers a more sensitive detection method than direct electron microscopy (DEM), and can also be used to serotype viruses. One of several IEM techniques is that introduced by Derrick in 1972, in which antiviral antibody is attached to the support film of an EM specimen grid. Originally developed for plant viruses, it has recently been applied to several animal viruses, especially rotaviruses. We have investigated the use of this solid phase IEM technique (SPIEM) in detecting and identifying enteroviruses (in the form of crude cell culture isolates), and have compared it with a modified “SPIEM-SPA” method in which grids are coated with protein A from Staphylococcus aureus prior to exposure to antiserum.

Cell morphology, volume, and surface area determinations from multilevel contouring within HVEM micrographs of serial sections and whole-cell mounts

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 588-589
Author(s):  
M. Marko ◽  
A. Leith ◽  
D. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Serial Section ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Computer Based

The use of serial sections and computer-based 3-D reconstruction techniques affords an opportunity not only to visualize the shape and distribution of the structures being studied, but also to determine their volumes and surface areas. Up until now, this has been done using serial ultrathin sections.The serial-section approach differs from the stereo logical methods of Weibel in that it is based on the Information from a set of single, complete cells (or organelles) rather than on a random 2-dimensional sampling of a population of cells. Because of this, it can more easily provide absolute values of volume and surface area, especially for highly-complex structures. It also allows study of individual variation among the cells, and study of structures which occur only infrequently.We have developed a system for 3-D reconstruction of objects from stereo-pair electron micrographs of thick specimens.

Stereo modeling of HVEM specimens by serial tilting and computer graphics

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
J.R. McIntosh ◽  
D.L. Stemple ◽  
William Bishop ◽  
G.W. Hannaway
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Photographic Film ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Multiple Images ◽  
3 Dimensional

EM specimens often contain 3-dimensional information that is lost during micrography on a single photographic film. Two images of one specimen at appropriate orientations give a stereo view, but complex structures composed of multiple objects of graded density that superimpose in each projection are often difficult to decipher in stereo. Several analytical methods for 3-D reconstruction from multiple images of a serially tilted specimen are available, but they are all time-consuming and computationally intense.

EXELFS Studies of Carbon Fibers

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
V. Serin ◽  
K. Hssein ◽  
G. Zanchi ◽  
J. Sévely
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Electron Excitation ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
X Ray Absorption

The present developments of electron energy analysis in the microscopes by E.E.L.S. allow an accurate recording of the spectra and of their different complex structures associated with the inner shell electron excitation by the incident electrons (1). Among these structures, the Extended Energy Loss Fine Structures (EXELFS) are of particular interest. They are equivalent to the well known EXAFS oscillations in X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Due to the EELS characteristic, the Fourier analysis of EXELFS oscillations appears as a promising technique for the characterization of composite materials, the major constituents of which are low Z elements. Using EXELFS, we have developed a microstructural study of carbon fibers. This analysis concerns the carbon K edge, which appears in the spectra at 285 eV. The purpose of the paper is to compare the local short range order, determined by this way in the case of Courtauld HTS and P100 ex-polyacrylonitrile carbon fibers, which are high tensile strength (HTS) and high modulus (HM) fibers respectively.

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