scholarly journals Using the vaccinia virus MVA strain for developing recombinant vector vaccines against current arboviral infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-587
Author(s):  
L. F. Stovba ◽  
V. T. Krotkov ◽  
S. A. Melnikov ◽  
D. I. Paveliev ◽  
N. K. Chernikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Viral Glycoproteins ◽  
Vector Borne

Epidemic vector-borne viral infections pose a serious threat to public health worldwide. There is currently no specific preventive treatment for most of them. One of the promising solutions for combating viral fevers is development of vector vaccines, including MVA-based vaccines, which have virtually no adverse side effects. The safety of the MVA strain and absent reactogenicity of recombinant MVA vaccines have been supported by many clinical trials.The article focuses on test results for similar preventive products against viral fevers: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, yellow fever, Chikungunya and Zika fevers.Their immunogenicity was evaluated on immunocompetent and immunocompromised white mice; their protective efficacy was assessed on immunocompromised white mice deficient in IFN-α/β receptors, that are used for experimental modeling of the infection. Nearly all the new recombinant vaccines expressing immunodominant antigens demonstrated 100% protective efficacy. It has been found that although the vaccine expressing Zika virus structural proteins induced antibodies against specific viral glycoproteins, it can be associated with high risks when used for prevention of Zika fever in individuals who had dengue fever in the past, due to the phenomenon known as antibody-dependent enhancement of infection, which can occur in diseases caused by antigenically related flaviruses. For this reason, the vaccine expressing non-structural protein 1 (NS1) was developed for vaccination against Zika fever.The yellow fever vaccine developed on the MVA platform had immunogenicity similar to that of the commercial 17D vaccine, outperforming the latter in safety.

scholarly journals Prescrição da Vacina Contra a Febre Amarela: Experiência do Centro de Vacinação Internacional do Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Loures-Odivela

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Clarisse Martinho ◽  
David Lopes ◽  
Luciana Bastos ◽  
Hugo Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Travel Medicine ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Travel Destination ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Sub Saharan

Introduction: Yellow fever is a vector-borne disease in sub-Saharan Africa and tropical South America regions which is preventable by an effective and safe vaccine. In some cases, it may cause serious adverse effects and should therefore be prescribed only to individuals at risk of exposure to the yellow fever virus or those traveling to countries requiring proof of vaccination. The aim of this study was to analyze the prescriptions of yellow fever vaccine, based on travel destination and type of referring consultation, according to the international recommendations of the World Health Organization.Material and Methods: The database of the International Vaccination Centre of the International Vaccination Centre of the Loures-Odivelas Health Centre Group was used to analyze data concerning the year of 2016. Travelers who were prescribed and administered the yellow fever vaccine were grouped based on travel destination and type of referring consultation (travelers’ medical consultations or non-specialist consultations).Results: A total of 517 yellow fever vaccines were administered, with the highest proportion in female (53%) and in individuals aged 40 - 49 years (20.7%). One hundred and thirteen (22.6%) of the 499 individuals with known-destinations were travelling to non-endemic/non-epidemic countries and a greater proportion of those were prescribed in non-specialist consultations (27.3%) than in travel medicine consultations (8.8%).Discussion/Conclusion: The highest percentage of yellow fever vaccines that were administered to individuals travelling to non-endemic/non-epidemic countries were prescribed in non-specialist consultations.

scholarly journals Emerging and Re-emerging Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases and the Challenges for Control: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayissa Chala ◽  
Feyissa Hamde
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Many ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Vector-borne emerging and re-emerging diseases pose considerable public health problem worldwide. Some of these diseases are emerging and/or re-emerging at increasing rates and appeared in new regions in the past two decades. Studies emphasized that the interactions among pathogens, hosts, and the environment play a key role for the emergence or re-emergence of these diseases. Furthermore, social and demographic factors such as human population growth, urbanization, globalization, trade exchange and travel and close interactions with livestock have significantly been linked with the emergence and/or re-emergence of vector-borne diseases. Other studies emphasize the ongoing evolution of pathogens, proliferation of reservoir populations, and antimicrobial drug use to be the principal exacerbating forces for emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Still other studies equivocally claim that climate change has been associated with appearance and resurgence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Despite the fact that many important emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infectious diseases are becoming better controlled, our success in stopping the many new appearing and resurging vector-borne infectious diseases that may happen in the future seems to be uncertain. Hence, this paper reviews and synthesizes the existing literature to explore global patterns of emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infections and the challenges for their control. It also attempts to give insights to the epidemiological profile of major vector-borne diseases including Zika fever, dengue, West Nile fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Chikungunya, Yellow fever, and Rift Valley fever.

scholarly journals Arbovirus Infections: the Challenges of Controlling an Ever-Present Enemy

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Takasaki ◽  
◽  
Akira Kotaki ◽  
Chang-Kweng Lim ◽  
Shigeru Tajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne

Arthropod-borne infections carried by mosquitoes and ticks are difficult to eradicate, once rooted, and have frequently caused wide-area epidemics such as dengue fever, West Nile fever, chikungunya fever, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and Rift Valley fever. Factors such as global warming and overpopulation have aggravated urban epidemics caused by dengue and chikungunya viruses. Measures against arthropods have their limitations, however, so nonepidemic areas must be protected against invasion by vector-borne diseases through quarantine, education and effective vaccination.

scholarly journals ANTIBODY TITER ASSESSMENT BY IMAGE CYTOMETRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Radu Gabriel Hertzog ◽  
Diana Mihaela Popescu ◽  
Bianca Palade
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Image Cytometry ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Serum

"In order to prevent the spread of viral infections or to assess the effectiveness of vaccination, there is an urgent need for methods to quickly identify and characterize possible treatment options. The serological methods, commonly used for antibody titration, are informative yet the data provided are sometimes limited. Imaging cytometry can be an effective approach for characterizing potential therapeutic antibodies to combat viral infections. Using an indirect immunofluorescence test, based on BIOCHIP technology to detect anti-yellow fever virus IgG, we realized a calibration curve based on dilution of a positive control serum and a blood sample obtained from a person who has received the yellow fever vaccine. The obtained images were then analysed by image cytometry which involved: image pre-processing, removal of the cell nucleus considered to be the most representative for measurement, indirect measurement of five times the specific corrected total cellular fluorescence (CTCF) for each representative cell and calculation of the average CTCF value. We calculated the mean CTCF values for each condition and correlated the CTCF value with the antibody titer, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Image cytometry has the ability to rapidly determine the direct binding of antibodies to host cells and can be applied to study other pathogen-antibody interactions, thus impacting future research on viral pathogens. "

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a recombinant yellow fever vaccine against the murine malarial parasite Plasmodium yoelii

Vaccine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (29) ◽  
pp. 4644-4652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina T. Stoyanov ◽  
Silvia B. Boscardin ◽  
Stephanie Deroubaix ◽  
Giovanna Barba-Spaeth ◽  
David Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium

scholarly journals TRANSFER OF DANGEROUS VIRAL INFECTIONS IN THE NON-ENDEMIC AREA

2017 ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
V. A. Markin ◽  
D. E. Chifanov
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Valley Fever

Epidemic data are presented, possible causes analyzed and the dangers of observed in recent years expansion of existing areas of viral infections, including the introduction of the agent to the non-endemic area, evaluated. At the present time there is a significant expansion of the ranges of some zooantroponozes pathogens, particular filovirus Ebola and arboviruses - Rift Valley fever, Zika, Chikungunya. When extending the boundaries of epidemic foci in the new territory for the pathogen, can occur aggravating of clinical manifestations of the disease and increase mortality among the indigenous population. Extremely hazardous exotic viral hemorrhagic fever (Ebola, Marburg, Lassa) when transfer with sick people in some cases, can cause contamination of the contact persons. Rift Valley fever - one of the most aggressive arboviruses, in the case of importation can form stable epidemic foci. Transfer of Zika fever in the territory of the Russian Federation has not represent substantial epidemiological value. Epidemiological factors, essential for the formation of new areas of pathogens may include the presence of permissive candidates in natural hosts and vectors, the climatic conditions. Role of socio-economic factors is significant. Among of environmental factors is the important role of some trace elements, including selenium, involved in the regulation of homeostasis and which faults occur in the upward virulence virus mutating. In parts of Africa and Asia, with soils poor in selenium, were first introduced pathogens or highly virulent strains of influenza A, SARS, Ebola and of SIV, and drifts on these and similar areas have led to an increase in the virulence of viruses.

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