scholarly journals A Brief History of Oil Refining

Substantia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-152
Author(s):  
Rafael Larraz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
History Of

Since its beginnings in the mid-nineteenth century, oil refining technology has evolved in a continuous process of adaptation to the demands of society, in matters as vital as the supply of energy, lighting, transportation or new materials to improve the quality of life. In that time, this has been one of the greatest examples of how the technological innovation of an industry contributes to the welfare and development of society. The objective of this manuscript is to describe the history of these technological advances and the causes that motivated them.

Patients With a History of Oronasal Fistula Repair Exhibit Lower Oral Health Measured With Patient-Centric Outcomes Measures

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562098133
Author(s):  
Alyssa Fritz ◽  
Diana S. Jodeh ◽  
Fatima Qamar ◽  
James J. Cray ◽  
S. Alex Rottgers
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Fistula Repair ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Oronasal Fistula ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Oronasal fistulae following palatoplasty may affect patients’ quality of life by impacting their ability to eat, speak, and maintain oral hygiene. We aimed to quantify the impact of previous oronasal fistula repair on patients’ quality of life using patient-reported outcome psychometric tools. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 8- to 9-year-old patients with cleft palate and/or lip was completed. Patients who had a cleft team clinic between September 2018 and August 2019 were recruited. Participants were divided into 2 groups (no fistula, prior fistula repair). Differences in the individual CLEFT-Q and Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF 19) Oral Health scores between the 2 groups were evaluated using a multivariate analysis controlling for Veau classification and syndromic diagnosis. Results: Sixty patients with a history of cleft palate were included. Forty-two (70%) patients had an associated cleft lip. Thirty-two (53.3%) patients had no history of fistula and 28 (46.7%) patients had undergone a fistula repair. CLEFT-Q Dental, Jaw, and Speech Function were all higher in patients without a history of a fistula repair; however, none of these differences were statistically significant. The COHIP-SF 19 Oral Health score demonstrated a significantly lower score in the fistula group, indicating poorer oral health ( P = .05). Conclusions: One would expect that successful repair of a fistula would result in improved function and patient satisfaction, but the consistent trend toward lower CLEFT-Q scores and significantly increased COHIP-SF 19 Oral Health scores in our study group suggests that residual effects linger and that the morbidity of a fistula may not be completely treated with a secondary correction.

Impact of a History of Hypertension on Symptoms and Quality of Life Prior to and at Five Years after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Herlitz ◽  
Kenneth Caidahl ◽  
Ingela Wiklund ◽  
Helén Sjöland ◽  
Björn Karlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
History Of

Development of a Multidimensional Measure to Examine Fear of Dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle S. Page ◽  
Bert Hayslip ◽  
Dee Wadsworth ◽  
Philip A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Multidimensional Measure ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
History Of ◽  
Areas Of Concern

Persons with and without a family history of dementia report concerns for developing this syndrome; yet, less is known about the specific aspects of dementia that are feared. The Fear of Dementia (FOD) scale was created to assess these concerns. This study examined the psychometric properties of the FOD scale using a sample of middle-aged and older adults ( N = 734). We then explored the factor structure of the scale 2 years later using a smaller sample from the first study ( N = 226). Three factors emerged, highlighting several main areas of concern: Burden and Loss, Quality of Life, and Perceived Social and Cognitive Loss. Preliminary data suggest that the FOD scale is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the multidimensional nature of the concern about developing dementia. Attention to what specifically is feared may help further our understanding of health behaviors, coping, and targeted supports.

Clinical and psychological features of acne women with infertility

2017 ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
O.I. Zadnipryanaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Social Effect ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Atrophic Scars ◽  
Infertility Patients ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Infertile Patients

The objective: the study of clinical and psychological features of acne and quality of life in women with infertility. Patients and methods. 151 patients were included in the study: 111 with acne and infertility, 40 fertile women with acne entered the comparison group. An anamnesis, a dermatological and gynecological status, a hormonal background, an assessment of the psycho-emotional state and quality of life of patients (a Dermatological Index of Quality of Life – DIQL, the Hospital Scale of Anxiety and Depression – HADS), and the psychological and social effect of acne (APSEA questionnaire) were evaluated. Results. Infertile women with acne reliably recorded open and closed comedones, more often papules, stagnant spots, hyperpigmentation, enlarged pores, as well as atrophic scars were more often detected. They are characterized by a later menarche, an early onset of sexual activity. In 56.8% of infertile patients in the history of the disease, sexually transmitted diseases, abortions (8.1%), miscarriages and stagnant pregnancies (12.6%), ectopic pregnancy (4.5%). It was found that infertility lasts on average 4.9±3.6 years, with primary infertility diagnosed in 69.4% of cases. The endocrine nature of infertility was confirmed in 48 (43.2%) patients, tubo-peritoneal – in 63 (56.8%) of the women. It was found that the disease has a very strong effect on the quality of their life (13.3±6.2 points), causes a strong psychological and social effect (87.8±28.1 points), clinically expressed anxiety (11.8±4.4 points) and depressiveness (11.6±3.8 points). Conclusion. Acne in infertile patients in addition to clinical features is accompanied by significant violations of the psycho-emotional sphere and a decrease in the quality of life. Key words: women with acne and infertility, quality of life, psycho-emotional disorders, psychological and social effect of acne.

scholarly journals Equine colic: a review of the equine hindgut and colic

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie D. Bland
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Technological Advances

Colic is the major cause of morbidity and mortality, premature deaths, and is the number one health concern in horses. To increase the quality of life for horses, it is vital to understand the causes, signs, diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of colic. Horses are hindgut fermenters and their cecal microbiome can easily be altered due to environmental and physiological changes. Colic can be induced from starch overloading, which can have detrimental effects on the cecum microbiome, such as decreasing hindgut pH and altering the production of volatile fatty acids. In addition, if the immune system becomes compromised, causing changes in the hindgut microbiome, this will trigger a proliferation of opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria, which can cause numerous gastrointestinal diseases, resulting in colic. However, identifying a variety of microorganisms in the cecum is extremely difficult and understudied because difficulties in sampling and not all bacteria strains can be cultured. Therefore, next generation sequencing has helped in identifying microbes found in the gastrointestinal tract. Using the application of metagenomics, allows scientists to be able to sequence thousands of microorganisms simultaneously. In addition, exploring new techniques to help identify and achieve a clearer picture of the microbiome population and how it may change during bouts of colic could revolutionize the way veterinarians diagnose colic and tailoring a treatment specific to the microoganisms that are proliferating. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of colic and next technological advances could increase the quality of life for horses and minimize the mortality rates.

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