scholarly journals Outcomes of Squint Surgery in Terms of Motor Alignment within 10 Prism Diopters in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Clinical Audit

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaukat Ali Chhipa ◽  
Sharmeen Akram ◽  
Asma Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Squint Surgery ◽  
And Gender

Purpose:  To determine the outcome of squint surgery in terms of motor ocular alignment within 10 prism diopters, in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design:  A clinical audit at a tertiary care hospital. Place and Duration of Study:  The study was conducted in Ophthalmology department, of Aga khan university hospital, Karachi between December 2016 and June 2017. Methods:  Medical records of all patients who underwent squint surgery were retrieved and included in the study. Patients with amblyopia, corneal or retinal pathologies and those who lost to follow-up or with incomplete records were excluded. All the available demographic and clinical data including pre-operative visual acuity, squint measurements, procedure performed and post-operative ocular alignment up to maximum of 6 months of follow-up was compiled. Results:  One hundred and nineteen patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There were 54.6% males and 45.4% were females. Squint was unilateral in 75.4% of patients and bilateral in 24.5%. Exotropia was present in 74 (62%) and Esotropia in 45 (38%) patients. The frequency of post-operative outcomes among the study participants were analyzed and it was reported that at six months follow-up central straight eye position or squint less than 10 prism diopters was seen among 75.5% of patients. The association of age and gender with primary outcome was obtained by applying independent sample T test. All the categories of age and gender showed statistically significant results i.e. p-value ? 0.05, except one week follow-up among different categories of gender showing insignificant results with p value = 0.740. Conclusion:  In present study 75.5% patients achieved the required result of ocular alignment within 10 prism diopters of orthotropia at the final follow-up visit. Key Words:  Squint, Esotropia, Exotropia, 10 prism Diopters.

A Post-Mortem Medicolegal Study of Asphyxial Deaths: An Autopsy Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2148-2150
Author(s):  
Abdul Majeed Memon ◽  
Sono Mal ◽  
Inayatullah Magsi ◽  
Aisha Khalid ◽  
Sadia Abdul Qayyum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To assess the medicolegal causes of asphyxial deaths in tertiary care hospital of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive, observational and retrospective Place and Duration of Study: Medicolegal Section of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2019. Methodology: Two hundred and nineteen patients were retrieved and died due to other reasons were excluded from the study while no any patient’s age and gender restrictions. Results: There were 157 males and 62 females. Sixty six patients of asphyxial belonged to age 39-48 years. Among 74 patients of suffocation, 51 patients were males and 23 were females. There are 5 reported reasons of asphyxial deaths. Out of 45 hanging patients, 5 patients belonged to 18-28 years, 8 patients belonged to 29-38 years, 9 patients belonged to 39-48 years, 6 patients belong to 49-58 years and 15 patients belonged to ≥59 59 years. Conclusion: Male is the most vulnerable victim of the violent asphyxial deaths. The major contribution in the suicidal deaths is dominant by the hanging and strangulations. The manner of deaths indicates the frustrations and carelessness of the majority of the population. The social awareness and hopefulness contributed by the awareness sessions and education on Individual levels is encouraged for such cases. Keywords: Asphyxial, Post-mortem, Medicolegal causes

Study to Assess the Autopsy in Relation with Age and Gender in Tertiary Care Hospital of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2151-2153
Author(s):  
Aisha Khalid ◽  
Sadia Abdul Qayyum ◽  
Ikram Ahmed Tunio ◽  
Abdul Majeed Memon ◽  
Sono Mal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Firearm Injury ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Autopsy Examination ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies

Objective: To assess the autopsy in relation with age and gender in tertiary care hospital of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospective, observational and non-interventional study Place and Duration of Study: Medicolegal Department of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hyderabad from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2018. Methodology: Three hundred and eighty-one patients were enrolled. Results: According to cause of death, 88 (23.10%) were died due to road traffic accident, firearm injury 73 (19.16%) and asphaxial death 70 (18.37%), assault 65 (17.06%), poisoning 37 (9.71%), electric shock 30 (7.87%) and undetermined 18 (4.72%) respectively. Conclusion: The relatable factors such as age and gender with the suicidal cases in results of autopsy examination which plays the most relevant role in the medical practices even after the advancement of diagnostic technologies. Key words: Assess, Autopsy, Age, Gender, Tertiary care hospital

Opportunistic infection at the start of antiretroviral therapy and baseline CD4+ count less than 50 cells/mm3 are associated with poor immunological recovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Amod Tilak ◽  
Smita Shenoy ◽  
Muralidhar Varma ◽  
Asha Kamath ◽  
Amruta Tripathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Immunological Recovery

AbstractIntroductionThere is a dearth of studies assessing the efficacy and immunological improvement in patients started on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in India. This study was undertaken to assess the 2-year treatment outcomes in HIV-positive patients initiated on ART in a tertiary-care hospital.MethodsAfter approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, adult HIV-positive patients from a tertiary-care hospital, initiated on ART between January 2013 and February 2015, were included in the study. Data on clinical and immunological parameters were obtained from medical case records over a period of 2 years after initiation of therapy. Intention-to-treat analysis was done using a descriptive approach, using SPSS version 15 (SPSS Inc. Released 2006. SPSS for Windows, Version 15.0. Chicago, SPSS Inc.). A logistic regression analysis was done to assess the predictors for poor outcomes. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsART was initiated in 299 adult patients. At 1 and 2 years, the median (interquartile range) change in CD4+cell count was 65 (39, 98) cells/mm3and 160 (95, 245) cells/mm3. The change observed after 2 years of treatment initiation was statistically significant compared with that after 1 year. Three deaths occurred during the study period and 28 were lost to follow-up. Male sex, presence of at least one opportunistic infection at the start of therapy, and baseline CD4+count <50 cells/mm3were associated with poor immunological recovery.ConclusionsWith long-term treatment and regular follow-up, sustained clinical and immunological outcomes can be obtained in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Frequency Of Post-operative Hypocalcaemia Following Thyroid Surgery At A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Sindh

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 07-10
Author(s):  
Summaya Qazi ◽  
Khalil ahmed Almani ◽  
Rizwanullah Junaid Bhanbhro ◽  
Diya Ram Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Symptomatic Hypocalcemia ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of post-operative hypocalcaemia following thyroid surgery at a tertiary care hospital of Sindh Study design: Observational study Place and Duration: Department of surgery, Isra University Hospital from December 2014 to July 2017. Materials and Methods: 100 cases of thyroid swellings were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pre- operative patient history, physical examination, thyroid gland examination and laboratory investigations were performed. A serum calcium levels <8 mg/dl was taken as hypocalcemia. Data was analyzed on SPSS 21 version and P value (P< 0.05) was considered significant. Results: Of 100 patients, 67% were female and 33% were male (P=0.0001). Female dominancy was noted with female to male ratio of 2.03:1. Age (mean± SD) was noted as 37.5 ± 9.5 years (19 – 48 years). Frequency of symptomatic hypocalcaemia was noted in 23% subjects post operatively. Mean± SD serum calcium and phosphate in post operative hypocalcemia subjects was noted as 7.31 ± 0.38 mg/dl and 2.95 ± 0.63 mg/dl respectively. Majority of symptomatic hypocalcemia were noted within 72 hours post operatively. Conclusion: The present study reports 23% frequency of post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia noted within 72 hours post operatively. Goiters of long duration, recurrent goiters, hyperthyroidism and goiters with retro sternal extensions were found risk factors for the post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of refractive errors by age and gender in patients reporting to ophthalmology department.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (09) ◽  
pp. 1989-1994
Author(s):  
Adeel Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal Chaudhary ◽  
Muhammad Zafar Ullah ◽  
Majid Hussain ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ocular Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Objectives: To determine the age and gender specific prevalence of different refractive errors in the patients presenting to the Ophthalmology Departments of the tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study. Setting: Departments of Outpatient Ophthalmology at THQ Hospital Kabirwala, The Children’s Hospital & The Institute of Child Health Multan and Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Period: January 2020 to May 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 400 patients ≥ 4 years age of either gender were included. Patients with history of ocular surgery, trauma and advanced fundus disease were excluded. Age and gender of the patients was noted. Clinical examination and autorefraction were carried out. Quantitative data is presented as mean ± SD and qualitative data as frequency and percentages. Chi-square test is used to assess the association of refractive errors with age groups and gender. Results: Median age of the participants was 20 years (range 04 – 92 years). Males constituted 58% (n = 232) of the study participants. Most common refractive error were astigmatism (n=298, 74.5%) and myopia in 187 (46.75%) patients. Prevalence of myopia was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) in 11-20 (39.6%) and 21-40 (34.2%) years age group and in males (64.7%, p-value 0.01). Hypermetropia was significantly higher (p-value <0.001) in 4-10 (36.8%) and ≥ 41 (38.7%) years age group with no gender predilection. Conclusion: This study shows prevalence of myopia being highest in males age 11-40 years and prevalence of hypermetropia being highest in children between 4-10 year and elderly ≥ 41 year with no gender predilection.

scholarly journals AGE AND GENDER RELATED MORTALITY AND OUTCOME OF COVID 19 POSITIVE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 696-702
Author(s):  
Suhail Mansoor ◽  
◽  
Ghulam Jeelani Romshoo ◽  
Abroo Bashir ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Related Mortality

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the age and gender related mortality and outcome of covid 19 positive patients in order to further strengthen the management of covid 19 patients as the insights from these data will be useful in determining preventive measures and treatment policies of covid 19 patients. Methodology: This was a retrospective observational study done in adult covid positive patients admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital from first May 2020 to 30 June 2021.The age related mortality and outcome in these patients was analyzed. Results: A total of 816 adult covid -19 positive patients were admitted in a Tertiary care hospital,GMC Anantnag from May 2020 to June 2021. Among the patients, 53.55 % were males and 46.44 % were females. The mean of the age involved was 57.96 years. The most common presenting symptom was fever (85%) followed by cough (70%) and shortness of breath (40%). Approximately 20% of patients presented with nonspecific complaints (including generalized aches, pains, body aches, myalgias etc). All age groups were affected equally (29% in 15-50yr, 37% in 51-65yr, 33% in 66-100yr). Maximum patients (70% ) affected were more than 50 yr of age. About 73.4% were discharged, 6% were reffered, 20% expired. So, overall hospital mortality was 20%. Further, Maximum (86%) of covid positive patients expired in age group of above 50 yrs. Further, Male and Female Mortality was also same in covid positive patients. Conclusion: Males and females were affected equally by Covid -19 disease with no sex predilection.. Fever was the main presenting symptom. All age groups were affected equally but mortality was more in elderly age group. Further, mortality is same in male and female covid positive patients with no gender predilection.

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