scholarly journals A case of a mixed overdose involving kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) leading to serotonin syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 689-691
Author(s):  
H. Reid Zweifel ◽  
Jonathan Browne ◽  
Jeffrey M Levine
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
Serotonin Syndrome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opiate Withdrawal ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Overdose Deaths ◽  
Acute Intake ◽  
Μ Receptor

Objective: Drug overdose deaths have risen precipitously over the past two years in the United States. Polysubstance overdose with opiates and amphetamines have been of particular concern. Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is an unregulated widely available herb with both stimulant and opiate μ-receptor activity. Studies suggest that its use is quickly increasing. Case: We describe a patient who presented to a psychiatric hospital with a mixed toxic syndrome due to chronic kratom and prescribed SSRI use compounded by acute intake of methamphetamine. The patient displayed psychosis, tremulousness, myoclonus, and extreme anxiety. Her clinical picture was consistent with both serotonin syndrome and opiate withdrawal. Conclusion: We call attention to this case because polysubstance overdoses are common, and kratom is widely available. Complex toxic presentations that involve kratom are likely to be increasingly encountered.

Prescription Medication Misuse

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (06) ◽  
pp. 654-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeoffrey Hill ◽  
Daniel Alford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Medication Misuse ◽  
Illicit Market ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Overdose Deaths ◽  
Related Harm

AbstractIn the United States, there is a prescription medication misuse crisis including increases in unintentional drug overdose deaths, medications obtained on the illicit market (i.e., diversion), and in the number of individuals seeking treatment for addiction to prescription medications. Neurologists manage patients suffering from conditions (e.g., pain, seizures, spasticity) where the prescriptions of medications with misuse potential are indicated. It is therefore imperative that neurologists understand which medications are liable to misuse and institute strategies to minimize the harm associated with these medications. The authors review the most common medications prescribed by neurologist with misuse potential, and briefly discuss the behaviors that are suggestive of medication misuse and tools for monitoring patients to minimize medication-related harm from misuse.

scholarly journals Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 1999–2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Hedegaard ◽  
Arialdi M. Miniño ◽  
Merianne Rose Spencer ◽  
Margaret Warner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Demographic Group ◽  
Overdose Deaths

This report uses the most recent data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) to update statistics on deaths from drug overdose in the United States, showing rates by demographic group and by specific types of drugs involved (such as opioids or stimulants), with a focus on changes from 2019 to 2020.

scholarly journals Pandemic meets epidemic: Co-location of COVID-19 and drug overdose deaths in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Navya Tripathi ◽  
Nancy Hardt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Overdose Deaths

Drug overdose deaths (DOD) in the last two decades have increased over 300 percent. In 2019 alone, 71,000 deaths represented a 7% increase from the previous year. According to recent data released by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 81,230 overdose deaths occurred in the United States from June 2019 to May 2020, the highest number of DOD recorded in a 12-month period. Early 2020 saw the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, which CDC suggests has amplified the previously alarming rise in drug-related mortalities. A hot spot analysis of COVID-19 and DOD rates, as well as a spatial correlation between the two datasets at the state level on a monthly time step, showed a significant increase in DOD during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, conducted for the period of March through July 2021, showed a spatial correlation between the two types of mortalities in the initial months of 2020. Furthermore, the hot spots for both types of mortalities were concentrated in the northeastern states. The COVID-19 mortalities shifted southeast in July 2020, but DOD data was unavailable for further analysis. Since DOD are a leading contributor to preventable deaths, the results of the study may help focus the efforts of effective and innovative programs to reduce substance use disorder and related mortality through increased access to treatment. During the pandemic, access to such facilities was reduced.

scholarly journals Changes in Synthetic Opioid Involvement in Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 2010-2016

JAMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 319 (17) ◽  
pp. 1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Jones ◽  
Emily B. Einstein ◽  
Wilson M. Compton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overdose Deaths

scholarly journals Impact of Drug Overdose Deaths on Solid Organ Transplantation in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1423-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Cholankeril ◽  
Andrew A. Li ◽  
Rosann Cholankeril ◽  
Alice E. Toll ◽  
Jeffrey S. Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Overdose Deaths

scholarly journals Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 1999–2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Hedegaard ◽  
Arialdi Miniño ◽  
Merianne Rose Spencer ◽  
Margaret Warner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Demographic Group ◽  
Overdose Deaths

This report uses the most recent data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) to update statistics on deaths from drug overdose in the United States, showing rates by demographic group and by specific types of drugs involved (such as opioids or stimulants), with a focus on changes from 2019 to 2020.

Compositional and contextual factors associated with drug overdose deaths in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Satish Kedia ◽  
Nikhil Ahuja ◽  
David K. Wyant ◽  
Patrick J. Dillon ◽  
Cem Akkus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Overdose Deaths

International Research and Variation in Views of Ethnicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ella Inglebret ◽  
Amy Skinder-Meredith ◽  
Shana Bailey ◽  
Carla Jones ◽  
Ashley France
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classification System ◽  
International Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Publication Patterns

The authors in this article first identify the extent to which research articles published in three American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) journals included participants, age birth to 18 years, from international backgrounds (i.e., residence outside of the United States), and go on to describe associated publication patterns over the past 12 years. These patterns then provide a context for examining variation in the conceptualization of ethnicity on an international scale. Further, the authors examine terminology and categories used by 11 countries where research participants resided. Each country uses a unique classification system. Thus, it can be expected that descriptions of the ethnic characteristics of international participants involved in research published in ASHA journal articles will widely vary.

Proportion of Individuals With Past-Year Suicidal Ideation Who Attempted Suicide Over the Past 10 Years in the United States, and the Influence of Age and Sex

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shannon Lange ◽  
Courtney Bagge ◽  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Jürgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Category

Abstract. Background: In recent years, the rate of death by suicide has been increasing disproportionately among females and young adults in the United States. Presumably this trend has been mirrored by the proportion of individuals with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. Aim: We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of individuals in the United States with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide differed by age and/or sex, and whether this proportion has increased over time. Method: Individual-level data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2008–2017, were used to estimate the year-, age category-, and sex-specific proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. We then determined whether this proportion differed by age category, sex, and across years using random-effects meta-regression. Overall, age category- and sex-specific proportions across survey years were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: Although the proportion was found to be significantly higher among females and those aged 18–25 years, it had not significantly increased over the past 10 years. Limitations: Data were self-reported and restricted to past-year suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusion: The increase in the death by suicide rate in the United States over the past 10 years was not mirrored by the proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide during this period.

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