scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility and association with serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in children with acute otitis media and acute sinusitis in Belarus

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-215
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Davydov ◽  
L.P. Titov ◽  
N.L. Klyuiko ◽  
V.V. Gurinovich ◽  
A.V. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Acute Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Objective. To study antibiotic resistance and its association with serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniaeisolated from hospitalized children with community­acquired ENT infections in Belarus during 2013­2016 and to analyze a potential for the use of different antibiotic classes in the treatment of those infections.Materials and methods. A total of 115 strains isolated from children with acute otitis media and 18 strains isolated from children with acute rhinosinusitis were tested. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by a broth microdilution method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were interpreted according to the CLSI 2017 and EUCAST 2017 criteria.Results. Pneumococcal isolates obtained from the children with acute otitis media have the high rates (50­74%) of non­susceptibility to the majority of beta­lactams, 14­/15­/16­membered macrolides, lincosamides, tetracyclines, folate pathway inhibitors. Rates of non­susceptible to benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, III­IV generation cephalosporins, and ertapenem isolates were 37­39%. All tested pneumococcal isolates were fully susceptible to fluoroquinolones, ansamycins, glycopeptides, and oxazolidinones. Wild­type strains were rare (13%). MDR and XDR strains were found in 71% and 38% of children, respectively, and belonged to vaccine serotypes, i.e. were fully covered by PCV13 and PPSV23, but partly covered by PCV10 (84% MDR and 80% XDR strains). Pneumococcal isolates from children with acute rhinosinusitis had lower antimicrobial resistance rates and incidence rates of MDR and XDR strains. It can be explained by different serotype distribution in different age­group patients with different types of infection. There were found associations between a patient's age <5 years, “pediatric” serotype, and risk for antibiotic resistant pneumococcal infection.

Improved Broth Microdilution Method for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ofFrancisella Noatunensis Orientalis

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Soto ◽  
Iona Halliday-Simmonds ◽  
Stewart Francis ◽  
Trellor Fraites ◽  
Beatriz Martínez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

scholarly journals Comparison of Broth Microdilution, Etest, and Agar Disk Diffusion Methods for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Lactobacillus acidophilus Group Members

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 3745-3748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Mayrhofer ◽  
Konrad J. Domig ◽  
Christiane Mair ◽  
Ulrike Zitz ◽  
Geert Huys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Group Members

ABSTRACT In recent years, the absence of acquired antimicrobial resistance has become an important criterion to evaluate the biosafety of lactobacilli used as industrial starter or probiotic cultures. At present, however, standards for susceptibility testing of Lactobacillus strains or approved guidelines for interpreting the test results are not available. Hence, this study was carried out to contribute to the establishment of a standardized procedure for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of lactobacilli. The results obtained by testing 104 strains of the Lactobacillus acidophilus group were compared based on broth microdilution, disk diffusion, and Etest. Except for some specific agent-related effects, agreement between MICs resulting from the broth microdilution method and the Etest was good. In addition, inhibition zone diameters determined with disk diffusion correlated well with MICs from Etest and broth microdilution.

scholarly journals Direct-from-specimen microbial growth inhibition spectrums under antibiotic exposure and comparison to conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade Chen ◽  
Su Su Soe San ◽  
Amelia Kung ◽  
Michael Tomasek ◽  
Dakai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Microbial Growth Inhibition ◽  
Urine Specimens

AbstractIncreasing global travel and changes in the environment may increase the frequency of contact with a natural host carrying an infection, and therefore increase our chances of encountering microorganisms previously unknown to humans. During an emergency (man-made, natural disaster, or pandemic), the etiology of infection might be unknown at the time of patient treatment. The existing local or global Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs might not be fully prepared for emerging/re-emerging infectious disease outbreaks, especially if they are caused by an unknown organism, engineered bioterrorist attack, or rapidly evolving superbug. We demonstrate an antimicrobial efficacy profiling method that can be performed in hours directly from clinical urine specimens. The antimicrobial potency is determined by the microbial growth inhibition and compared to conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results. The oligonucleotide probe pairs on the sensor were designed to target gram-negative bacteria, specifically Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A total of 10 remnant clinical specimens from the CLIA labs of New York-Presbyterian Queens were tested, resulting in 100% categorical agreement with reference AST methods (Vitek and broth microdilution method). The combined categorical susceptibility reporting of 12 contrived urine specimens was 100% for ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and meropenem over a range of microbial loads from 105 to 108 CFU/mL.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility of 6685 Organisms Isolated from Canadian Hospitals: CANWARD 2007

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl a) ◽  
pp. 20A-30A
Author(s):  
George G Zhanel ◽  
Mel DeCorby ◽  
Kim A Nichol ◽  
Aleksandra Wierzbowski ◽  
Patricia J Baudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Testing Susceptibility ◽  
Polymyxin E ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem in North American hospitals as well as hospitals worldwide. OBJECTIVES: To assess the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of commonly used agents against the 20 most common organisms isolated from Canadian hospitals. METHODS: In total, 7881 isolates were obtained between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2007, from 12 hospitals across Canada as part of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2007). Of these, 6685 isolates (20 most common organisms) obtained from bacteremic, urinary, respiratory and wound specimens underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Susceptibility testing was assessed using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method. RESULTS: The most active (based upon minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] data only) agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) were dalbavancin, daptomycin, linezolid, telavancin, tigecycline and vancomycin, with MICs required to inhibit the growth of 90% of organisms (MIC90) of 0.06 μg/mL and 0.06 μg/mL, 0.25 μg/mL and 0.25 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL, 0.25 μg/mL and 0.25 μg/mL, 0.5 μg/mL and 0.25 μg/mL, and 1 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL, respectively. The most active agents against vancomycin-resistant enterococci were daptomycin, linezolid and tigecycline with MIC90sof 2 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL and 0.12 μg/mL, respectively. The most active agents againstEscherichia coliwere amikacin, cefepime, ertapenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam and tigecycline with MIC90sof 4 μg/mL, 2 μg/mL, 0.06 μg/mL or less, 0.12 μg/mL or less, 4 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL, respectively. The most active agents against extendedspectrum beta-lactamase-producing E coli were ertapenem, meropenem and tigecycline with MIC90sof 0.12 μg/mL or less, 0.12 μg/mL or less and 1 μg/mL, respectively. The most active agents againstPseudomonas aeruginosawere amikacin, cefepime, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam with MIC90sof 32 μg/mL, 32 μg/mL, 8 μg/mL and 64 μg/mL, respectively. The most active agents againstStenotrophomonas maltophiliawere tigecycline and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin with MIC90sof 8 μg/mL, 8 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL, respectively. The most active agents againstAcinetobacter baumanniiwere amikacin, fluoroquinolones (eg, levofloxacin), meropenem, and tigecycline with MIC90sof 2 μg/mL or less, 1 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The most active agents versus Gram-positive cocci from Canadian hospitals were vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin, tigecycline, dalbavancin and telavancin. The most active agents versus Gram-negative bacilli from Canadian hospitals were amikacin, cefepime, ertapenem (notP aeruginosa), meropenem, piperacillintazobactam and tigecycline (notP aeruginosa). Colistin (polymyxin E) was very active againstP aeruginosaandA baumannii.

Direct Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Gram-Negative Bacilli in Blood Cultures by an Electrochemical Method

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2882-2886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ay Huey Huang ◽  
Jiunn Jong Wu ◽  
Yu Mei Weng ◽  
Hwia Cheng Ding ◽  
Tsung Chain Chang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Blood Isolate ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Nonfastidious aerobic gram-negative bacilli (GNB) are commonly isolated from blood cultures. The feasibility of using an electrochemical method for direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing of GNB in positive blood cultures was evaluated. An aliquot (10 μl) of 1:10-diluted positive blood cultures containing GNB was inoculated into the Bactometer module well (bioMérieux Vitek, Hazelwood, Mo.) containing 1 ml of Mueller-Hinton broth supplemented with an antibiotic. Susceptibility tests were performed in a breakpoint broth dilution format, with the results being categorized as resistant, intermediate, or susceptible. Seven antibiotics (ampicillin, cephalothin, gentamicin, amikacin, cefamandole, cefotaxime, and ciprofloxacin) were used in this study, with each agent being tested at the two interpretive breakpoint concentrations. The inoculated modules were incubated at 35°C, and the change in impedance in each well was continuously monitored for 24 h by the Bactometer. The MICs of the seven antibiotics for each blood isolate were also determined by the standardized broth microdilution method. Of 146 positive blood cultures (1,022 microorganism-antibiotic combinations) containing GNB tested by the direct method, the rates of very major, major, and minor errors were 0, 1.1, and 2.5%, respectively. The impedance method was simple; no centrifugation, preincubation, or standardization of the inocula was required, and the susceptibility results were normally available within 3 to 6 h after inoculation. The rapid method may allow proper antimicrobial treatment almost 30 to 40 h before the results of the standard methods are available.

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